Great American Business Leaders of the 20th Century
Robert S. Abbott
Chicago Defender, 1905–1940Benjamin Abrams
Emerson Radio & Phonograph Corporation, 1922–1966Leonard Abramson
US Healthcare, 1975–1996Thomas Adams, Jr.
American Chicle Company, 1899–1922Kenneth S. Adams
Phillips Petroleum Company, 1938–1951Terrence E. Adderley
Kelly Services, 1967–PresentHoward F. Ahmanson
H. F. Ahmanson & Company, 1927–1968Lester M. Alberthal, Jr.
Electronic Data Systems, 1986–1998Winthrop W. Aldrich
Chase National Bank, 1930–1953Archie A. Alexander
Alexander & Repass, 1914–1954Henry C. Alexander
Morgan Guaranty Trust, 1959–1967William M. Allen
Boeing Company, 1945–1969Howard L. Aller
American Power and Light Company, 1935–1951Stanley C. Allyn
National Cash Register Company, 1940–1961Arthur E. Andersen
Arthur Andersen and Company, 1913–1947Robert O. Anderson
Atlantic Richfield Company, 1965–1982Paul R. Andrews
Prentice-Hall, 1965–1970Walter H. Annenberg
Triangle Publications, 1942–1968Elizabeth Arden
Elizabeth Arden Company, 1910–1966J. Ogden Armour
Armour and Company, 1901–1923C. Michael Armstrong
American Telephone and Telegraph, 1997–2002Desiderio A. Arnaz
Desilu Productions, 1950–1962Mary Kay Ash
Mary Kay Cosmetics, 1963–1987Roy L. Ash
Litton Industries, 1961–1972H. Brewster Atwater, Jr.
General Mills, 1981–1995Beatrice F. Auerbach
G. Fox & Company, 1938–1965J. Paul Austin
Coca-Cola Company, 1966–1980Sewell L. Avery
Montgomery, Ward and Company, 1936–1955Earl D. Babst
American Sugar Refining, 1915–1937Jules S. Bache
J. S. Bache & Company, 1892–1944Leo H. Baekeland
Bakelite Corporation, 1909–1939Melvin H. Baker
National Gypsum Company, 1928–1951Frank C. Ball
Ball Brothers Company, 1887–1943Ian K. Ballantine
Ballantine Books, 1952–1974Louis F. Bantle
UST, 1973–1993Ohio C. Barber
Diamond Match Company, 1888–1909Don H. Barden
Barden Communications, 1981–PresentBruce Barton
Batten, Barton, Durstine and Osborn, 1919–1936Enos M. Barton
Western Electric Company, 1886–1908Carol Bartz
Autodesk, 1992–2006Bernard M. Baruch
Baruch Brothers, 1903–1916Frank Batten
Landmark Communications, 1967–1998William M. Batten
JCPenney Company, 1958–1974Edward Bausch
Bausch and Lomb Company, 1926–1935Vaughn L. Beals, Jr.
Harley-Davidson, 1981–1996Leon L. Bean
L. L. Bean, 1912–1967Amos L. Beaty
Texaco, 1920–1926Howard O. Beaver, Jr.
Carpenter Technology Corporation, 1971–1983Hans W. Becherer
Deere & Company, 1989–2000Stephen D. Bechtel
Betchel Corporation, 1935–1960Garner A. Beckett
American Cement Corporation, 1936–1957Arnold O. Beckman
Beckman Instruments, 1935–1982Edward T. Bedford
Corn Products Refining Company, 1906–1930Edward J. Bednarz
Pinkerton's, 1967–1979Olive Ann M. Beech
Beech Aircraft Corporation, 1950–1968Eugene N. Beesley
Eli Lilly & Company, 1969–1973Hernand Behn
International Telephone and Telegraph, 1920–1933Sosthenes Behn
International Telephone and Telegraph, 1933–1956Glen W. Bell
Taco Bell Corporation, 1962–1975James S. Bell
Washburn, Crosby Milling Company, 1889–1915William B. Bell
American Cyanamid Company, 1922–1950Henry H. Benedict
Remington Typewriter Company, 1895–1913Robert F. Bensinger
Brunswick, 1930–1963Michel C. Bergerac
Revlon, 1975–1985William Bernbach
Doyle Dane Bernbach, 1949–1976Edward J. Berwind
Berwind-White Coal Mining Company, 1886–1930Gordon M. Bethune
Continental Airlines, 1994–2004Jeffrey P. Bezos
Amazon.com, 1994–PresentJohn D. Biggers
Libbey-Owens-Ford Glass Company, 1930–1953Gordon M. Binder
Amgen, 1988–2000Stephen Birch
Kennecott Copper, 1915–1933Clarence Birdseye
General Seafood's Company, 1924–1929William Blackie
Caterpillar Tractor Company, 1963–1977Harold Blancke
Celanese Corporation of America, 1946–1966Henry W. Bloch
H & R Block, 1978–1992Richard A. Bloch
H & R Block, 1955–1978Michael R. Bloomberg
Bloomberg, L. P., 1982–2001Charles G. Bluhdorn
Gulf and Western, 1958–1983W. Michael Blumenthal
Bendix Corporation, 1967–1976William E. Boeing
Boeing Company, 1916–1934Harold Boeschenstein
Owens-Corning Fiberglass Company, 1938–1963John C. Bogle
The Vanguard Group, 1974–1995Elizabeth E. Boit
Winship, Boit, & Company, 1888–1928J. Chadbourn Bolles
Chadbourn, 1936–1970Fred J. Borch
General Electric Company, 1963–1972Lawrence A. Bossidy
AlliedSignal, Inc., 1991–1999Marvin Bower
McKinsey & Company, 1950–1967Horace Bowker
American Agricultural Chemical Company, 1929–1937Joseph A. Boyd
Harris Corporation, 1972–1986Francis Boyer
Smith Kline & French Laboratories, 1951–1958Joseph Boyer
Burroughs Adding Machine Company, 1905–1920Milton Bradley
Milton Bradley Company, 1864–1911Thomas E. Braniff
Braniff Airways, 1930–1954Joseph D. Brenner
AMP, 1972–1982Stephen F. Briggs
Outboard Motors Corporation, 1929–1963James L. Broadhead
FPL Group, 1989–2000Charles F. Brooker
American Brass Company, 1900–1920Owsley Brown II
Brown-Forman Corporation, 1993–2003John Y. Brown, Jr.
Kentucky Fried Chicken Company, 1964–1973Charles L. Brown
American Telephone and Telegraph, 1979–1986Francis C. Brown
Schering Corporation, 1943–1966Herman Brown
Brown and Root, 1929–1962John W. Brown
Stryker Corporation, 1977–2004Lewis H. Brown
Johns-Manville Corporation, 1929–1946Alvin G. Brush
American Home Products, 1935–1965John H. Bryan, Jr.
Sara Lee Corporation, 1975–2000Edward G. Budd
E. G. Budd Company, 1912–1946Ralph Budd
Great Northern Railroad, 1919–1932Herbert P. Buetow
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, 1953–1963Warren E. Buffett
Berkshire Hathaway, 1969–PresentMorgan G. Bulkeley
Aetna Life Insurance Company, 1879–1922Arde Bulova
Bulova Watch Company, 1930–1958Steven A. Burd
Safeway, 1993–PresentJames E. Burke
Johnson & Johnson Company, 1976–1989Leo Burnett
Leo Burnett Company, 1935–1971Duane L. Burnham
Abbott Laboratories, 1990–1999David Burpee
W. A. Burpee Company, 1917–1970Washington A. Burpee
W. A. Burpee Company, 1878–1915Donald C. Burr
People Express Airlines, 1980–1986Thomas J. Burrell
Burrell Advertising, 1971–2003Robert N. Burt
FMC Corporation, 1991–2001Adolphus Busch
Anheuser-Busch Brewery, 1880–1913Vincent A. Calarco
Crompton Corporation, 1985–2004Philip Caldwell
Ford Motor Company, 1979–1985D. Wayne Calloway
PepsiCo, 1986–1996Asa G. Candler
Coca-Cola Company, 1886–1916Charles A. Cannon
Cannon Mills Company, 1921–1971James W. Cannon
Cannon Mills Company, 1887–1921Floyd L. Carlisle
St. Regis Paper Company, 1916–1934Curtis L. Carlson
Gold Bond Stamp Company / Carlson Companies, 1938–1998Edward E. Carlson
United Airlines, 1971–1979Hattie Carnegie
Hattie Carnegie, 1909–1956Walter S. Carpenter, Jr.
DuPont Corporation, 1940–1948Willis H. Carrier
Carrier Corporation, 1914–1948Edward W. Carter
Carter Hawley Hale, 1946–1977Frank T. Cary
IBM, 1973–1981Stephen M. Case
America Online, 1985–2001James E. Casey
United Parcel Service, 1907–1962Louis S. Cates
Phelps-Dodge Company, 1930–1947John T. Chambers
Cisco Systems, 1994–PresentHarry Chandler
Los Angeles Times, 1917–1940Roy D. Chapin
Hudson Motor Company, 1909–1923Owen R. Cheatham
Georgia-Pacific Corporation, 1927–1967Robert A. Chesebrough
Chesebrough Manufacturing Company, 1875–1909Colby M. Chester
General Foods Corporation, 1924–1935Hugh J. Chisholm
International Paper Company, 1899–1907Walter P. Chrysler
Chrysler Corporation, 1924–1935Elisabeth Claiborne
Liz Claiborne, 1976–1989Howard L. Clark
American Express Company, 1960–1977Catherine T. Clark
Brownberry Ovens, 1946–1972James H. Clark
Silicon Graphics, 1981–1994Richard W. Clark
Dick Clark Productions, 1956–2007William L. Clayton
Anderson, Clayton and Company, 1904–1940Martin W. Clement
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 1935–1948Charles A. Coffin
General Electric Company, 1892–1913Ben Cohen
Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream, 1978–1994Wilton D. Cole
Crowell-Collier Publishing Company, 1956–1963Gilbert Colgate
Colgate-Palmolive Company, 1920–1928Samuel B. Colgate
Colgate-Palmolive Company, 1933–1938John L. Collyer
B. F. Goodrich Company, 1939–1953Samuel P. Colt
United States Rubber Company, 1892–1918Herman Cone II
Cone Mills Corporation, 1938–1950John T. Connor
Merck & Company, 1955–1964Carle C. Conway
Continental Can Company, 1926–1959Willibald H. Conzen
Schering-Plough Corporation, 1966–1978Lodwrick M. Cook
Atlantic Richfield Company, 1985–1995Scott D. Cook
Intuit, 1983–1994Adolph Coors
Adolph Coors Brewing Company, 1873–1923Peter H. Coors
Adolph Coors Brewing Company, 1993–2000William K. Coors
Adolph Coors Brewing Company, 1970–1993Helen K. Copley
Copley Newspapers, 1973–1997Ira C. Copley
Western Utility Corporation, 1905–1926Ralph J. Cordiner
General Electric Company, 1950–1963William E. Corey
United States Steel Corporation, 1903–1911Joshua S. Cosden
Cosden & Company, 1914–1923Charles L. Coughlin
Briggs & Stratton Corporation, 1935–1970Robert L. Crandall
American Airlines, 1985–1998Richard T. Crane, Jr.
Crane Company, 1914–1931Richard T. Crane
Crane Company, 1859–1912Frederick C. Crawford
Thompson Products, 1933–1958Joseph W. Crosby
Thiokol Corporation, 1947–1963Bert S. Cross
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, 1963–1969F. Trammell Crow
Trammell Crow Company, 1947–1986Henry P. Crowell
Quaker Oats Company, 1901–1922Henry Crown
Material Service Corporation, 1921–1941Richard J. Cullen
International Paper Company, 1936–1948John W. Culligan
American Home Products, 1981–1986Joseph S. Cullinan
Texaco, 1902–1913Joseph F. Cullman III
Philip Morris Companies, 1957–1979Bernard M. Culver
Continental Insurance Company, 1932–1946Nathan Cummings
Consolidated Foods, 1939–1975Harry B. Cunningham
S. S. Kresge Company/K Mart, 1959–1972Harlow H. Curtice
General Motors Corporation, 1953–1958Cyrus H. K. Curtis
Curtis Publishing Company, 1879–1932C. Donald Dallas
Revere Copper and Brass, 1931–1947William H. Danforth
Ralston Purina Company, 1894–1932Justin Dart
United Drug Company, 1943–1980Francis B. Davis Jr.
United States Rubber Company, 1929–1942Arthur V. Davis
Alcoa, 1910–1928Charles S. Davis
Borg-Warner Corporation, 1928–1950James E. Davis
Winn-Dixie Stores, 1946–1983Max De Pree
Herman Miller, 1980–1987Edward DeBartolo
Edward J. DeBartolo Corporation, 1948–1994Arthur J. Decio
Skyline Corporation, 1959–1998Alonzo G. Decker, Jr.
Black & Decker Corporation, 1964–1975Robert F. Dee
SmithKline Corporation, 1972–1982Michael Dell
Dell Computer Corporation, 1984–PresentJerry Della Femina
Della Femina and Travisano, 1967–1986Fred DeLuca
Subway Sandwiches, 1965–PresentHenry S. Dennison
Dennison Manufacturing Company, 1912–1952Richard R. Deupree
Procter & Gamble Company, 1930–1948Richard M. DeVos
Amway Corporation, 1959–1992Robert E. Dewar
K-Mart Corporation, 1972–1979Morse G. Dial
Union Carbide Corporation, 1952–1963Alfred B. Dick Jr.
A. B. Dick and Company, 1934–1947Alfred B. Dick
A. B. Dick and Company, 1883–1934Earl B. Dickerson
Supreme Life Insurance Company of America, 1956–1971Walter E. Disney
Walt Disney Company, 1929–1966Leland I. Doan
Dow Chemical Corporation, 1947–1962Ronald W. Dollens
Guidant Corporation, 1994–2004James C. Donnell
Ohio Oil Company, 1911–1927Otto D. Donnell
Ohio Oil Company, 1927–1948Frederic G. Donner
General Motors Corporation, 1958–1967Georges F. Doriot
American R&D Corporation, 1946–1972Arthur C. Dorrance
Campbell Soup Company, 1930–1946John T. Dorrance
Campbell Soup Company, 1914–1930Frank N. Doubleday
Doubleday and Company, 1897–1927Nelson Doubleday
Doubleday and Company, 1928–1946Donald W. Douglas
Douglas Aircraft Company, 1928–1957Herbert H. Dow
Dow Chemical Corporation, 1897–1930Willard H. Dow
Dow Chemical Corporation, 1930–1947Harrington Drake
Dun & Bradstreet Corporation, 1975–1984Millard S. Drexler
Gap, 1995–2002Camille Dreyfus
Celanese Corporation of America, 1918–1945John F. Dryden
Prudential Life Insurance Company, 1881–1911Lammot du Pont
DuPont Corporation, 1926–1940Pierre S. du Pont
DuPont Corporation, 1915–1919Thomas C. du Pont
DuPont Corporation, 1902–1915David Duffield
PeopleSoft, 1987–1999James B. Duke
American Tobacco Company, 1890–1912William Durant
General Motors Corporation, 1916–1920George Eastman
Eastman Kodak Company, 1881–1923Robert J. Eaton
Chrysler Corporation, 1993–1998Jack M. Eckerd
Eckerd Corporation, 1952–1974Bernard A. Edison
Edison Brothers Stores, 1968–1987Richard J. Egan
EMC Corporation, 1979–1991Louis K. Eilers
Eastman Kodak Company, 1967–1972Michael D. Eisner
Walt Disney Company, 1984–2005Lawrence J. Ellison
Oracle Corporation, 1977–PresentVictor Emanuel
AVCO, 1939–1960John C. Emery, Jr.
Emery Air Freight, 1968–1987John C. Emery, Sr.
Emery Air Freight, 1946–1967Roger A. Enrico
PepsiCo, 1996–2001Ole Evinrude
Outboard Motors Corporation, 1920–1928John A. Ewald
Avon Products, 1944–1967Lothar W. Faber
Eberhard-Faber Company, 1898–1943Max (Francis) Factor, Jr.
Max Factor Company, 1938–1973Frank J. Fahey
Gillette Company, 1913–1931William A. Fairburn
Diamond Match Company, 1915–1947Benjamin F. Fairless
United States Steel Corporation, 1935–1953Otto H. Falk
Allis-Chalmers Company, 1913–1932Walter A. Fallon
Eastman Kodak Company, 1972–1983William S. Farish
Standard Oil of New Jersey, 1937–1942James A. Farrell
United States Steel Corporation, 1911–1932Marshall Field III
Field Enterprises (Chicago Sun/Parade Publications), 1941–1956Marshall Field
Marshall Field and Company, 1867–1906Debra J. S. Fields
Mrs. Fields Cookies, 1977–1996Edward A. Filene
Filene's, 1908–1928Paul Fireman
Reebok International, 1979–2006Harvey S. Firestone, Jr.
Firestone Tire and Rubber Company, 1941–1963Harvey S. Firestone
Firestone Tire and Rubber Company, 1900–1932Donald G. Fisher
Gap, 1969–1995Frederick J. Fisher
Fisher Body Company, 1908–1926Herman G. Fisher
Fisher-Price Toy Company, 1930–1966Donald V. Fites
Caterpillar Tractor Company, 1990–1999Henry M. Flagler
Florida East Coast Railway, 1886–1913Henry Ford II
Ford Motor Company, 1945–1979Henry Ford
Ford Motor Company, 1906–1918Edward A. Fox
Student Loan Marketing Association, 1973–1990William Fox
Fox Film Company, 1915–1929Clarence Francis
General Foods Corporation, 1935–1943John M. Franklin
United States Lines, 1946–1960Frank M. Freimann
Magnavox Company, 1950–1967Jack Frye
Trans-World Airlines, 1934–1947Richard S. Fuld, Jr.
Lehman Brothers and Company, 1994–2008Alfred C. Fuller
Fuller Brush Company, 1906–1943Walter D. Fuller
Curtis Publishing Company, 1933–1957Richard M. Furlaud
Squibb Corporation, 1968–1989Henry W. Gadsden
Merck & Company, 1965–1975Ernest Gallo
Gallo (E. & J.) Winery, 1933–1993Paul V. Galvin
Motorola, 1928–1956Robert W. Galvin
Motorola, 1956–1986Frank E. Gannett
Gannett Company, 1906–1957Edward G. Gardner
Soft Sheen Products, 1964–1985Arthur G. Gaston
Booker T. Washington Insurance, 1932–1987William H. Gates III
Microsoft Corporation, 1975–2000Stanley C. Gault
Rubbermaid, 1980–1991David L. Geffen
Geffen Records, 1984–1989Richard L. Gelb
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 1972–1994Harold S. Geneen
International Telephone and Telegraph, 1959–1977William W. George
Medtronic, 1991–2000Daniel F. Gerber, Jr.
Gerber Products Company, 1945–1974Daniel F. Gerber
Gerber Products Company, 1917–1945Louis V. Gerstner, Jr.
IBM, 1993–2002Jean Paul Getty
Getty Oil Company, 1956–1976Amadeo Peter Giannini
Bank of America, 1904–1936Lawrence M. Giannini
Bank of America, 1936–1952Fred M. Gibbons
Software Publishing Company, 1980–1994Truman K. Gibson
Supreme Life Insurance Company of America, 1919–1955Vincent A. Gierer, Jr.
UST, 1993–PresentWalter S. Gifford
American Telephone and Telegraph, 1925–1948Frank L. Gillespie
Liberty Life Insurance, 1919–1925King C. Gillette
Gillette Company, 1901–1913Raymond V. Gilmartin
Merck & Company, 1994–2005Bernard F. Gimbel
Gimbel Brothers Department Stores, 1925–1953Isaac Gimbel
Gimbel Brothers Department Stores, 1894–1925Tom M. Girdler
Republic Steel Corporation, 1930–1937David D. Glass
Wal-Mart Corporation, 1988–2000Roberto C. Goizueta
Coca-Cola Company, 1981–1997Leonard H. Goldenson
American Broadcasting-Paramount Theaters, 1949–1986Stanley P. Goldstein
Melville Corporation, 1987–1998Samuel Goldwyn
Samuel Goldwyn Productions, 1916–1959Harvey Golub
American Express Company, 1993–2001Melvin R. Goodes
Warner-Lambert Corporation, 1991–1999James H. Goodnight
SAS Institute, 1976–PresentAlbert H. Gordon
Kidder, Peabody Group, 1931–1968Berry Gordy, Jr.
Motown Records Corporation, 1959–1986Eugene G. Grace
Bethlehem Steel Corporation, 1916–1957J. Peter Grace
W. R. Grace and Company, 1945–1992Katharine M. Graham
Washington Post, 1963–1979William B. Graham
Baxter International, 1953–1980William T. Grant
W. T. Grant Company, 1906–1924Earl G. Graves
Black Enterprise Magazine, 1970–PresentBowman Gray, Jr.
R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, 1957–1967James A. Gray, Jr.
R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, 1935–1949Bowman Gray
R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, 1924–1935Carl R. Gray
Union Pacific Railroad, 1920–1937Adolphus W. Green
National Biscuit Company, 1905–1917Alan C. Greenberg
Bear Stearns Companies, 1978–1993Maurice R. Greenberg
American International Group, 1967–1989Crawford H. Greenewalt
DuPont Corporation, 1948–1967Dick Griffey
Dick Griffey Productions, 1977–PresentMervyn E. Griffin, Jr.
Griffin Productions, 1963–1985Eugene P. Grisanti
International Flavors & Fragrances, 1985–1999Robert E. Gross
Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 1934–1956Andrew S. Grove
Intel, 1987–1998Robert C. Guccione
Penthouse International Limited, 1965–2003Daniel Guggenheim
American Smelting and Refining Company, 1900–1919William Guthy
Guthy-Renker Corporation, 1988–2004Walter A. Haas, Jr.
Levi Strauss and Company, 1958–1976Otto Haas
Rohm and Haas Company, 1909–1960Walter A. Haas
Levi Strauss and Company, 1922–1957Patrick E. Haggerty
Texas Instruments, 1958–1976Joyce C. Hall
Hallmark Cards, 1910–1966Erle P. Halliburton
Halliburton, 1920–1956Armand Hammer
Occidental Oil Company, 1957–1990John P. Harbin
Halliburton, 1972–1982Edward G. Harness
Procter & Gamble Company, 1974–1981Lore Harp
Vector Graphics, 1976–1984C. Michael Harper
ConAgra, 1975–1993Ralph A. Hart
Heublein, 1965–1970George H. Hartford
Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, 1878–1915John A. Hartford
Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, 1920–1949Stephen D. Hassenfeld
Hasbro Toys, 1979–1989Harold V. Haverty
Deluxe Corporation, 1986–1995William R. Hearst
American Newspapers, 1887–1937Christine A. Hefner
Playboy Enterprises, 1988–2001Hugh M. Hefner
Playboy Enterprises, 1953–1988John R. Hegeman
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, 1891–1918Charles A. Heimbold, Jr.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 1994–2001Henry J. Heinz II
H. J. Heinz Company, 1941–1966Henry J. Heinz
H. J. Heinz Company, 1905–1919Howard Heinz
H. J. Heinz Company, 1919–1941Henry F. Henderson, Jr.
Henderson (H. F.) Industries, 1952–PresentBruce D. Henderson
Boston Consulting Group, 1968–1980Paul C. Henshaw
Homestake Mining Company, 1971–1982Stuart K. Hensley
Warner-Lambert Corporation, 1967–1972Paul Henson
United Utilities/Sprint Corporation, 1966–1990Alonzo B. Hepburn
Chase National Bank, 1904–1911Alonzo F. Herndon
Atlanta Life Insurance Company, 1905–1927Ray W. Herrick
Tecumseh Products, 1930–1972Milton S. Hershey
Hershey Chocolate Company, 1900–1941John D. Hertz
Yellow Cab Company, 1915–1929Raymond H. Herzog
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, 1975–1979Leon Hess
Amerada Hess, 1933–1995William R. Hewlett
Hewlett-Packard Company, 1969–1978Frank G. Hickey
General Instrument Corporation, 1978–1990Wayne Hicklin
Avon Products, 1967–1972John M. Hiebert
Sterling Drug, 1955–1972E. G. Higdon
Maytag Corporation, 1962–1973Andrew J. Higgins
Higgins Industries, 1930–1952George W. Hill
American Tobacco Company, 1925–1946James J. Hill
Great Northern Railroad, 1882–1907Louis W. Hill
Great Northern Railroad, 1907–1912Conrad N. Hilton
Hilton Hotels Corporation, 1946–1966Samuel F. Hinkle
Hershey Foods Corporation, 1956–1965Charles E. Hires
Charles E. Hires Company, 1890–1918Dee Ward Hock
VISA, 1970–1984Paul G. Hoffman
Studebaker Corporation, 1935–1948Philip B. Hofmann
Johnson & Johnson Company, 1963–1973Hale Holden
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, 1920–1929Eugene Holman
Exxon Corporation, 1944–1960Charles R. Hook
Armco Steel Company, 1930–1948Elon H. Hooker
Hooker Chemical Company, 1909–1938Herbert W. Hoover, Jr.
Hoover Company, 1954–1966Herbert W. Hoover
Hoover Company, 1922–1954John J. Horan
Merck & Company, 1976–1985George A. Hormel
Hormel and Company, 1891–1929Jay C. Hormel
Hormel and Company, 1929–1945Amos Hostetter, Jr.
Continental Cablevision, 1963–1996Amory Houghton, Jr.
Corning Glass Company, 1964–1982Alanson B. Houghton
Corning Glass Company, 1910–1930Amory Houghton
Corning Glass Company, 1930–1960Ivan J. Houston
Golden State Insurance, 1970–1990Norman O. Houston
Golden State Insurance, 1945–1970Harold J. Hudson, Jr.
General Reinsurance Corporation, 1971–1983Joseph L. Hudson
Hudson (J. L.) Company, 1881–1912Howard R. Hughes, Jr.
Hughes Aircraft Company, 1933–1976George A. Hughes
Hughes Electric Heating Company, 1908–1940H. Wayne Huizenga
Blockbuster Entertainment Corporation, 1986–1994George M. Humphrey
Hanna (M. A.) & Company, 1929–1952Haroldson L. Hunt
Hunt Oil Company, 1936–1974Jon M. Huntsman
Huntsman Corporation, 1970–2000Peter F. Hurst
Aeroquip Corporation, 1945–1969Lido (Lee) A. Iacocca
Chrysler Corporation, 1979–1993Carl C. Icahn
Icahn & Company, 1968–PresentMichael Ilitch
Little Caesar's Enterprises, 1959–PresentMartha R. Ingram
Ingram Industries, 1995–1999Samuel Insull
Middle West Utilities Company, 1912–1932William Irrgang
Lincoln Electric Company, 1954–1986F. Kenneth Iverson
Nucor Corporation, 1965–1996Irwin M. Jacobs
Qualcomm, 1985–PresentAllen F. Jacobson
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, 1986–1991John K. Jamieson
Exxon Corporation, 1969–1975Edward G. Jefferson
DuPont Corporation, 1981–1986Richard H. Jenrette
Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, 1973–1985Steven P. Jobs
Apple Computer, 1975–1983David W. Johnson
Campbell Soup Company, 1990–1997Edward C. Johnson II
Fidelity Investments, 1946–1972Samuel C. Johnson II
Johnson Wax Company, 1966–1979Edward C. Johnson III
Fidelity Investments, 1977–PresentRobert W. Johnson, Jr.
Johnson & Johnson Company, 1932–1938Eldridge R. Johnson
Victor Talking Machine Company, 1901–1927George F. Johnson
Endicott-Johnson Company, 1920–1930Herbert F. Johnson
Johnson Wax Company, 1928–1966Howard D. Johnson
Howard Johnson's, 1925–1964James W. Johnson
Johnson & Johnson Company, 1910–1932John H. Johnson
Johnson Publishing Company, 1942–2002Robert H. Johnson
Ingersoll-Rand Company, 1955–1966Robert L. Johnson
Black Entertainment Television, 1980–2001Robert W. Johnson
Johnson & Johnson Company, 1885–1910Jesse H. Jones
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 1933–1939Reginald H. Jones
General Electric Company, 1972–1981W. Alton Jones
Cities Service Company, 1940–1953John E. Jonsson
Texas Instruments, 1951–1958Henry B. Joy
Packard Motor Car Company, 1905–1916Henry J. Kaiser
Kaiser Industries, 1914–1956Bruce E. Karatz
KB Home, 1986–PresentMitchell P. Kartalia
Square D Company, 1968–1983Ewing M. Kauffman
Marion Laboratories, 1950–1989Howard B. Keck
Superior Oil Company, 1963–1981Daniel C. Keefe
Ingersoll-Rand Company, 1936–1954Herbert D. Kelleher
Southwest Airlines Company, 1967–2001Kaufman T. Keller
Chrysler Corporation, 1935–1950Will K. Kellogg
Kellogg Company, 1906–1939William R. Kelly
Kelly Services, 1946–1967Erwin Kelm
Cargill, 1961–1976Donald M. Kendall
PepsiCo, 1963–1986Henry P. Kendall
Kendall Company, 1912–1959Donald S. Kennedy
OGE Energy Corporation, 1949–1976Arthur A. Kent
Atwater Kent Company, 1902–1936William F. Kerby
Dow Jones & Company, 1966–1975William T. Kerr
Meredith Corporation, 1997–PresentBernard Kilgore
Wall Street Journal, 1945–1966John A. Kimberly
Kimberly-Clark Corporation, 1880–1928John R. Kimberly
Kimberly-Clark Corporation, 1953–1967Sidney Kimmel
Jones Apparel Group, 1975–2002Darwin P. Kingsley
New York Life Insurance Company, 1906–1930Robert J. Kleberg, Sr.
King Ranch, 1885–1932Anne Klein
Anne Klein & Company, 1968–1974John W. Kluge
Metromedia, 1959–1986Joseph P. Knapp
Knapp & Company, 1891–1951Charles F. Knight
Emerson Electric Company, 1973–2000John S. (Jack) Knight
Knight-Ridder Corporation, 1933–1969Philip H. Knight
Nike, 1972–PresentRose M. Knox
Knox Gelatin Company, 1908–1947Richard J. Kogan
Schering-Plough Corporation, 1996–2003Herbert V. Kohler
Kohler Company, 1937–1968Walter J. Kohler
Kohler Company, 1905–1937James L. Kraft
Kraft (J. L.) Brothers and Company, 1909–1953Henry R. Kravis
Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company, 1984–1996Sebastian S. Kresge
S. S. Kresge Company, 1907–1925Samuel H. Kress
S. H. Kress Company, 1896–1924Raymond A. Kroc
McDonald's Corporation, 1955–1973Bernard H. Kroger
Kroger's Food Stores, 1883–1928Daniel J. Krumm
Maytag Corporation, 1974–1992James R. Kuse
Georgia Gulf Corporation, 1985–1991Alden J. Laborde
Ocean Drilling & Exploration Company, 1953–1977Carl Laemmle
Universal Pictures Corporation, 1912–1936Harvey H. Lamm
Subaru of America, 1971–1990William E. LaMothe
Kellogg Company, 1979–1991Edwin H. Land
Polaroid Corporation, 1937–1980Mills B. Lane, Jr.
Citizens & Southern National Bank, 1946–1973George S. Lannom, Jr.
Lannom Manufacturing Company, 1912–1952William F. Laporte
American Home Products, 1965–1981Ralph S. Larsen
Johnson & Johnson Company, 1989–2002Albert D. Lasker
Lord and Thomas, 1912–1942Estee Lauder
Estee Lauder, 1946–1982Leonard A. Lauder
Estee Lauder, 1982–1999Ralph Lauren
Polo, Ralph Lauren, 1968–PresentMary W. Lawrence
Wells, Rich and Greene, 1966–1990Fred R. Lazarus, Jr.
Federated Department Stores, 1945–1966Charles Lazarus
Toys "R" Us, 1948–1994Rochelle Lazarus
Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide, 1997–PresentWilliam P. Lear
Lear, 1939–1967Samuel J. Lefrak
Lefrak Organization, 1948–2003Alexander Legge
International Harvester Corporation, 1922–1933Philip Lehman
Lehman Brothers and Company, 1901–1925Robert Lehman
Lehman Brothers and Company, 1925–1969Lewis W. Lehr
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, 1980–1986William Levitt
Levitt & Sons, 1929–1968Edward T. Lewis
Essence Communications, 1969–PresentPeter B. Lewis
The Progressive Corporation, 1965–2000Reginald F. Lewis
TLC Group, 1983–1993Edmund D. Libbey
Owens Bottle Company, 1903–1925Louis K. Liggett
United Drug Company, 1904–1943Eli Lilly II
Eli Lilly & Company, 1932–1969Josiah K. Lilly
Eli Lilly & Company, 1898–1932James F. Lincoln
Lincoln Electric Company, 1928–1954Leroy A. Lincoln
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, 1936–1951Carl H. Lindner, Jr.
American Financial Group, 1958–PresentJames J. Ling
Ling-Temco-Vought, 1946–1970Paul W. Litchfield
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, 1926–1940Arthur D. Little
Arthur D. Little, 1909–1935Royal Little
Textron, 1923–1960J. Bruce Llewellyn
Philadelphia Coca-Cola Bottling Company, 1985–PresentMarcus Loew
Loew's, 1906–1927Joseph M. Long
Long's Drug Stores, 1947–1977Joseph E. Lonning
Kellogg Company, 1971–1978Francisco A. Lorenzo
Texas Air Corporation, 1972–1990George H. Love
Consolidation Coal Company, 1944–1956James S. Love
Burlington Industries, 1923–1948George W. Lucas
Lucasfilm, Limited, 1971–PresentHenry R. Luce
Time-Life Publications, 1922–1964Robert P. Luciano
Schering-Plough Corporation, 1982–1995Edgar F. Luckenbach, Jr.
Luckenbach Steamship Company, 1960–1974Daniel K. Ludwig
National Bulk Carriers, 1936–1987Ray W. MacDonald
Burroughs Corporation, 1967–1978Ian K. MacGregor
AMAX, 1956–1969William C. MacInnes
TECO Energy, 1954–1967Kenneth A. Macke
Dayton Hudson Corporation, 1983–1994John P. Mackey
Whole Foods Market, 1980–PresentWhitney MacMillan
Cargill, 1976–1995John H. MacMillan, Jr.
Cargill, 1936–1960Clifford D. Mallory
Mallory (C. D.) and Company, 1919–1941Henry R. Mallory
Atlantic, Gulf and West Indies Steamship Lines, 1907–1915John C. Malone
Tele-Communications, 1973–1999Plato Malozemoff
Newmont Mining Corporation, 1954–1986Morton L. Mandel
Premier Industrial Corporation, 1958–1996Alfred E. Mann
Pacesetter, 1972–1985Alex Manoogian
Masco Corporation, 1929–1985Thomas F. Manville
Johns-Manville Corporation, 1901–1924Bernard Marcus
Home Depot, 1978–1997H. Stanley Marcus
Neiman-Marcus Company, 1950–1969Reuben Mark
Colgate-Palmolive Company, 1984–PresentJohn W. Marriott
Marriott-Hot Shoppes, 1927–1972J. Willard Marriott, Jr.
Marriott International, 1972–PresentForrest E. Mars, Sr.
Mars, 1964–1973Charles D. Marshall
McClintic and Marshall Construction Company, 1900–1931Glenn L. Martin
Glenn L. Martin Company, 1907–1949Joseph A. Martino
National Lead Company (NL Industries), 1947–1969Jack C. Massey
Hospital Corporation of America, 1968–1978Thomas W. Mastin
Lubrizol Corporation, 1972–1982William G. Mather
Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, 1890–1940Clayton L. Mathile
The Iams Company, 1981–1999Hamish Maxwell
Philip Morris Companies, 1984–1991Louis B. Mayer
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Corporation, 1924–1951Oscar F. Mayer
Oscar Mayer and Company, 1888–1928Oscar Gottfried Mayer
Oscar Mayer and Company, 1928–1955Oscar Gustave Mayer
Oscar Mayer and Company, 1955–1966L. Lowry Mays
Clear Channel Communications, 1972–2004Frederick L. Maytag II
Maytag Corporation, 1940–1960Elmer H. Maytag
Maytag Corporation, 1926–1940Frederick L. Maytag
Maytag Corporation, 1909–1921Thomas B. McCabe
Scott Paper Company, 1927–1965Howard H. McClintic
McClintic and Marshall Construction Company, 1900–1931John J. McCloy
Chase Manhattan Bank, 1953–1969Hugh L. McColl, Jr.
NationsBank / Bank of America, 1983–2001C. Peter McColough
Xerox Corporation, 1971–1985David H. McConnell, Jr.
Avon Products, 1937–1944David H. McConnell
Avon Products, 1886–1937John H. McConnell
Worthington Industries, 1955–1993Mark H. McCormack
International Management Group, 1960–2003Cyrus H. McCormick, Jr.
International Harvester Corporation, 1902–1918Fowler McCormick
International Harvester Corporation, 1941–1951Robert R. McCormick
Chicago Tribune, 1914–1955Robert F. McDermott
USAA, 1969–1993James S. McDonnell
McDonnell Aircraft Corporation, 1939–1967Dean A. McGee
Kerr-McGee Corporation, 1954–1983Patrick J. McGovern
International Data Group, 1967–2002William G. McGowan
MCI Communications, 1968–1985Harold W. McGraw, Jr.
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1974–1983Donald C. McGraw
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1953–1966James H. McGraw
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1899–1928Thomas H. McInnerney
National Dairy Products Corporation, 1923–1941James O. McKinsey
McKinsey & Company, 1925–1937William L. McKnight
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, 1929–1949Donald H. McLaughlin
Homestake Mining Company, 1945–1963Malcolm P. McLean
Sea-Land Service, 1956–1969Scott G. McNealy
Sun Microsystems, 1982–PresentRene C. McPherson
Dana Corporation, 1972–1980George H. Mead
Mead Corporation, 1912–1942George J. Mecherle
State Farm Insurance, 1922–1937John G. Medlin, Jr.
Wachovia Corporation, 1977–1993Andrew W. Mellon
Mellon National Bank, 1882–1921Richard K. Mellon
Mellon National Bank, 1934–1946William L. Mellon
Gulf Oil Corporation, 1909–1930Ward Melville
Melville Corporation, 1922–1963George W. Merck
Merck & Company, 1925–1955John Merrick
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, 1898–1919Charles E. Merrill
Merrill Lynch & Company, 1940–1956Andre Meyer
Lazard, Freres and Company, 1943–1979Morton H. Meyerson
Electronic Data Systems, 1979–1985Joseph I. Miller
Cummins Engine Company, 1947–1977Roger Milliken
Milliken & Company, 1947–PresentLorimer D. Milton
Citizens Trust Bank, 1927–1971Charles E. Mitchell
National City Bank, 1921–1929David W. Mitchell
Avon Products, 1975–1983James R. Moffett
Freeport-McMoRan, 1984–2003Thomas S. Monaghan
Domino's Pizza, 1960–1998Robert G. Mondavi
Robert Mondavi Winery, 1966–1990Ambrose Monell
International Nickel Corporation, 1902–1917Theodore G. Montague
Borden, 1937–1955William L. Moody, Jr.
Moody (W. L.) & Company Bank, 1920–1954Gordon E. Moore
Intel, 1974–1987John P. Morgan, Jr.
J. P. Morgan and Company, 1913–1935John P. Morgan
J. P. Morgan and Company, 1861–1913Howard J. Morgens
Procter & Gamble Company, 1957–1974Charles W. Moritz
Dun & Bradstreet Corporation, 1985–1993Charles G. Mortimer
General Foods Corporation, 1954–1965Joy Morton
Morton Salt Company, 1885–1934Charles S. Mott
Weston-Mott Company, 1903–1913Walter A. Munns
Smith Kline & French Laboratories, 1958–1967J. Richard Munro
Time Warner, 1980–1990Frank A. Munsey
Munsey Publishing House, 1882–1925Thomas S. Murphy
Capital Cities/ABC, 1966–1990Charles W. Nash
Nash Motors Company, 1916–1932Conde M. Nast
Conde Nast Publications, 1907–1942Fred M. Nelson
Texas Gulf Sulphur Company, 1951–1960Allen H. Neuharth
Gannett Company, 1973–1986Louis B. Neumiller
Caterpillar Tractor Company, 1941–1963Samuel I. Newhouse
Newhouse Publishing, 1921–1979J. Larry Nichols
Devon Energy Corporation, 1980–PresentJohn D. Nichols
Illinois Tool Works, 1982–1995William H. Nichols
General Chemical Corporation, 1899–1920William Nickerson, Jr.
Golden State Insurance, 1924–1945Jean Nidetch
Weight Watchers International, 1963–1978Arthur C. Nielsen
A. C. Nielsen Company, 1923–1957Edward J. Noble
Life Savers, 1913–1938Raymond J. Noorda
Novell, 1983–1994Ernest E. Norris
Southern Railway System, 1937–1952William C. Norris
Control Data Corporation, 1957–1986John Ringling North
Ringling Brothers, Barnum and Bailey Circus, 1947–1967John K. Northrop
Northrop Aircraft, 1937–1959Lucio A. Noto
Mobil Corporation, 1994–1999Robert N. Noyce
Fairchild Semiconductor, 1957–1968Donald W. Nyrop
Northwest Airlines, 1954–1978Paul H. O'Neill
Alcoa, 1987–1999Anthony J. F. O'Reilly
H. J. Heinz Company, 1979–1998Adolph S. Ochs
New York Times, 1896–1935David M. Ogilvy
Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide, 1954–1975Ransom E. Olds
Reo Motor Car Company, 1904–1915Kenneth H. Olsen
Digital Equipment Corporation, 1957–1992Eugene R. Olson
Deluxe Check Printers, 1977–1985M. Kenneth Oshman
Rolm Corporation, 1969–1984Harrison G. Otis
Los Angeles Times, 1886–1917Anthony Overton
Hygienic Manufacturing Company, 1898–1946Michael Ovitz
Creative Artists Agency, 1974–1995David Packard
Hewlett-Packard Company, 1939–1968Max Palevsky
Scientific Data Systems, 1961–1969William S. Paley
Columbia Broadcasting System, 1928–1983Ray T. Parfet, Jr.
Upjohn Company, 1969–1987William G. Park
Crucible Steel Company, 1900–1909George S. Parker
Parker Brothers, 1901–1933Eugene M. Patterson
American Machine and Foundry Company, 1941–1962John H. Patterson
National Cash Register Company, 1884–1921Joseph M. Patterson
New York Daily News, 1919–1946Rufus L. Patterson
American Machine and Foundry Company, 1900–1941William A. Patterson
United Airlines, 1934–1963Jeno F. Paulucci
Jeno's Frozen Pizza, 1967–1986James C. Penney
JCPenney Company, 1907–1958John Pepper
Procter & Gamble Company, 1995–1999Guy S. Peppiatt
Federal Mogul Corporation, 1950–1969Franklin P. Perdue
Perdue Farms, 1953–1988H. Ross Perot
Electronic Data Systems, 1962–1979Christopher J. Perry
Philadelphia Tribune, 1884–1921Wallace R. Persons
Emerson Electric Company, 1954–1973Donald E. Petersen
Ford Motor Company, 1985–1989LeRoy A. Petersen
Otis Elevator Company, 1945–1966Milton J. Petrie
Petrie Stores, 1932–1993John H. Pew
Sun Oil Company, 1912–1947Joseph N. Pew
Sun Oil Company, 1880–1912Frank Phillips
Phillips Petroleum Company, 1917–1938Warren H. Phillips
Dow Jones & Company, 1975–1990Thomas B. Pickens
Mesa Petroleum Company, 1964–1996Elmer F. Pierson
The Vendo Company, 1937–1974Charles M. Pigott
PACCAR, 1967–1996Philip W. Pillsbury
Pillsbury Mills, 1940–1952Robert A. Pinkerton II
Pinkerton's, 1930–1966John Pitcairn
Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, 1897–1905Abe Plough
Plough, 1908–1971C. William Pollard
ServiceMaster Company, 1983–1993Alexander M. Poniatoff
Ampex Corporation, 1944–1955Generoso P. Pope, Jr.
National Enquirer, 1952–1988Charles W. Post
Postum Cereal Company, Limited, 1896–1914Marjorie M. Post
Postum Cereal Company, Limited, 1914–1922Robert T. Powers
Nalco Chemical Company, 1971–1979Edmund T. Pratt, Jr.
Pfizer, 1972–1992Andrew W. Preston
United Fruit Company, 1882–1924James E. Preston
Avon Products, 1988–1998Robert E. Price
Price Company, 1976–1993Frederick H. Prince
Chicago Stock Yards Company, 1911–1940Larry L. Prince
Genuine Parts Company, 1989–PresentWilliam W. Prince
Armour and Company, 1957–1969Donald N. Pritzker
Hyatt Hotels, 1959–1972Robert A. Pritzker
Marmon Group, 1953–PresentLaurence F. Probst, III
Electronic Arts, 1991–PresentErnesta G. Procope
E. G. Bowman, 1953–PresentWilliam C. Procter
Procter & Gamble Company, 1907–1930Barbara G. Proctor
Proctor and Gardner Advertising, 1970–1996Edgar M. Queeny
Monsanto Chemical Company, 1928–1960John F. Queeny
Monsanto Chemical Company, 1901–1928Simon Ramo
Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation, 1953–1958James H. Rand, Jr.
Remington-Rand Company, 1925–1955Monroe J. Rathbone
Standard Oil of New Jersey, 1960–1965Thomas M. Rauch
Smith Kline & French Laboratories, 1967–1971William B. Rayburn
Snap-On, 1984–1988Lee R. Raymond
Exxon Mobil Corporation, 1993–PresentSumner M. Redstone
Viacom, 1967–PresentJohn S. Reed
Citicorp/Citibank, 1984–1998John M. Regan, Jr.
Marsh & McLennan, 1973–1985Donald T. Regan
Merrill Lynch & Company, 1971–1980Helen R. Reid
New York Herald Tribune, 1947–1955Frederick B. Rentschler
United Aircraft Corporation, 1928–1934Gordon S. Rentschler
National City Bank, 1929–1940Stanley B. Resor
J. Walter Thompson Advertising Agency, 1916–1955Charles H. Revson
Revlon, 1932–1974Richard S. Reynolds, Jr.
Reynolds Corporation, 1948–1976Arthur Reynolds
Continental & Commercial Bank, 1919–1929Richard J. Reynolds
R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, 1911–1918Richard S. Reynolds
Reynolds Corporation, 1912–1948Eugene W. Rhodes
Philadelphia Tribune, 1922–1970Jean Riboud
Schlumberger, Limited, 1965–1985Robert E. Rich
Rich Products Corporation, 1945–1978Earl H. Richardson
Hotpoint Electric Heating Company, 1904–1918Edward V. Rickenbacker
Eastern Airlines, 1938–1953Cedric H. Rieman
Gardner-Denver Company, 1963–1972Leonard S. Riggio
Barnes & Noble, 1965–2002Charles Ringling
Ringling Brothers, Barnum and Bailey Circus, 1907–1926John D. Rockefeller, Sr.
Standard Oil of New Jersey, 1863–1912David Rockefeller
Chase Manhattan Bank, 1969–1980Willard F. Rockwell, Jr.
Rockwell International, 1967–1979Willard F. Rockwell
Rockwell International, 1933–1967Henry A. Roemer
Sharon Steel Corporation, 1931–1957Lyle C. Roll
Kellogg Company, 1957–1971O. Wayne Rollins
Rollins, 1948–1991Francis C. Rooney, Jr.
Melville Corporation, 1964–1987Joseph L. Rose
Deluxe Check Printers, 1962–1976Richard M. Rosenberg
BankAmerica Corporation, 1990–1996William Rosenthal
Maidenform Brassiere Company, 1924–1958Julius Rosenwald
Sears, Roebuck & Company, 1910–1925Steven J. Ross
Warner Communications, 1962–1992William M. Rosson
Conwood Corporation, 1976–1991James W. Rouse
Rouse Company, 1939–1979Joseph P. Routh
Pittston Company, 1939–1976Pete Rozelle
National Football League, 1960–1989William J. Ruane
Sequoia Fund, 1970–2005Helena Rubinstein
Helena Rubinstein, 1915–1965Margaret F. Rudkin
Pepperidge Farm, 1937–1960Michael C. Ruettgers
EMC Corporation, 1992–2001Donald H. Rumsfeld
Searle (G. D.) and Company, 1977–1985John D. Ryan
Anaconda Copper Company, 1907–1917Samuel Sachs
Goldman, Sachs and Company, 1904–1928Walter E. Sachs
Goldman, Sachs and Company, 1928–1959W. Jeremiah Sanders III
Advanced Micro Devices, 1969–2002Harland Sanders
Kentucky Fried Chicken Company, 1956–1964Stephen W. Sanger
General Mills, 1995–PresentDavid Sarnoff
Radio Corporation of America, 1930–1966Clarence Saunders
Piggly Wiggly Stores, 1916–1924George A. Schaefer
Caterpillar Tractor Company, 1985–1990Leonard D. Schaeffer
Wellpoint Health Networks, 1992–2004Nicholas M. Schenck
Loew's, 1927–1955Dorothy Schiff
New York Post, 1943–1976Jacob H. Schiff
Kuhn, Loeb and Company, 1885–1920Robert A. Schoellhorn
Abbott Laboratories, 1979–1989Howard Schultz
Starbucks Corporation, 1987–2000Richard M. Schulze
Best Buy, 1966–2002Charles M. Schwab
Bethlehem Steel Corporation, 1904–1916Charles R. Schwab
Charles Schwab & Company, 1971–2003Barry Schwartz
Calvin Klein, 1968–PresentFrederic N. Schwartz
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 1957–1967Edward I. Scott
Scott Tissue Company, 1879–1921Edward W. Scripps
Scripps (E. W.) / United Press International, 1878–1908John R. Sculley
Apple Computer, 1983–1993Clarence W. Seamans
Union Typewriter Company, 1893–1910John G. Searle
Searle (G. D.) and Company, 1936–1972Richard W. Sears
Sears, Roebuck & Company, 1893–1908Joseph M. Segel
QVC Network, 1986–1992Frank A. Seiberling
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, 1906–1921Irving S. Shapiro
DuPont Corporation, 1974–1981Clarence H. Shaver
United States Gypsum, 1951–1966Dorothy Shaver
Lord and Taylor, 1945–1959Dennis Sheedy
Globe Smelting and Refining Company, 1889–1910Robert B. Shetterly
Clorox Company, 1969–1980Vincent R. Shiely
Briggs & Stratton Corporation, 1970–1977Walter V. Shipley
Chase Manhattan/Chemical Bank, 1983–1999Charles R. Shoemate
CPC International (BestFoods), 1990–1998Leonard S. Shoen
U-Haul Rental System, 1945–1986Lee Shubert
Shubert Theater Corporation, 1905–1953Thomas M. Siebel
Siebel Systems, 1993–2004Muriel Siebert
Muriel Siebert & Company, 1967–PresentHerbert J. Siegel
Chris-Craft Industries, 1968–PresentIgor I. Sikorsky
Sikorsky Aircraft, 1923–1957Russell Simmons
Def Jam Records / Rush Communications, 1983–PresentNorton W. Simon
Hunt Foods & Industries, 1942–1968John R. Simplot
Simplot (J. R.) Corporation, 1928–1994Naomi Sims
Naomi Sims Collections, 1973–1985Harry F. Sinclair
Sinclair Oil and Refining Company, 1916–1948James D. Sinegal
Costco Wholesale Corporation, 1988–PresentHenry E. Singleton
Teledyne, 1960–1986Robert F. Six
Continental Airlines, 1938–1980Herbert A. Sklenar
Vulcan Materials Company, 1986–1997Alfred P. Sloan, Jr.
General Motors Corporation, 1923–1937Matthew S. Sloan
Missouri-Kansas-Texas Lines, 1933–1944John G. Smale
Procter & Gamble Company, 1981–1990Cyrus R. Smith
American Airlines, 1934–1968Elwyn L. Smith
Smith-Corona-Marchant Corporation, 1951–1960Frederick W. Smith
Federal Express Corporation, 1973–PresentGoff Smith
Amsted Industries, 1974–1980Hurlburt W. Smith
Smith-Corona (L. C.) Typewriter Company, 1924–1933Roger B. Smith
General Motors Corporation, 1981–1990Wilbert L. Smith
Smith-Corona (L. C.) Typewriter Company, 1910–1924Robert H. Sorensen
Perkin-Elmer, 1977–1984William F. Souder, Jr.
Marsh & McLennan, 1969–1973Joseph P. Spang, Jr.
Gillette Company, 1938–1955Charles C. Spaulding
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, 1923–1952Henry B. Spencer
Fruit Growers Express, 1920–1948Samuel Spencer
Southern Railway System, 1894–1906John G. Sperling
Apollo Group, 1976–2001Elmer A. Sperry
Sperry Gyroscope Company, 1910–1929Steven Spielberg
Amblin Entertainment / DreamWorks, 1980–PresentPhilip Sporn
American Electric Power Company, 1947–1961John R. Stafford
American Home Products, 1986–2001Harold Stanley
Morgan, Stanley and Company, 1935–1955Robert C. Stanley
International Nickel Corporation, 1922–1951Ellsworth M. Statler
Statler Hotels, 1907–1928Alfred N. Steele
PepsiCo, 1950–1959William Steere, Jr.
Pfizer, 1991–2000Charles H. Steinway
Steinway and Sons, 1896–1919Henry Z. Steinway
Steinway and Sons, 1957–1980Theodore E. Steinway
Steinway and Sons, 1919–1957Thomas G. Stemberg
Staples, 1986–2002Ross S. Sterling
Humble Oil and Refining Company, 1911–1919David J. Stern
National Basketball Association, 1984–PresentEdward R. Stettinius
Diamond Match Company, 1909–1915Robert T. B. Stevens
J. P. Stevens and Company, 1929–1974Whitney Stevens
J. P. Stevens and Company, 1979–1988Lyman Stewart
Union Oil Company, 1894–1914William L. Stewart
Union Oil Company, 1914–1930James Stillman
National City Bank, 1891–1909William P. Stiritz
Ralston Purina Company, 1981–1997James E. Stowers, Jr.
American Century Companies, 1958–PresentRobert A. Stranahan, Jr.
Champion Spark Plug Company, 1955–1986Jack I. Straus
Macy (R. H.) and Company, 1940–1956Jesse I. Straus
Macy (R. H.) and Company, 1919–1933Robert D. Stuart, Jr.
Quaker Oats Company, 1966–1981Dwight L. Stuart
Carnation Company, 1973–1983Elbridge A. Stuart
Carnation Company, 1901–1932Elbridge H. Stuart
Carnation Company, 1932–1971Harold L. Stuart
Halsey, Stuart and Company, 1911–1966John Stuart
Quaker Oats Company, 1922–1956John E. Swearingen
Standard Oil of Indiana, 1960–1983Gustavus F. Swift, Jr.
Swift and Company, 1931–1937Louis F. Swift
Swift and Company, 1903–1931Gerard Swope
General Electric Company, 1922–1939Charles D. Tandy
Tandy Corporation, 1950–1978Henry Taub
Automatic Data Processing, 1949–1969Walter C. Teagle
Standard Oil of New Jersey, 1917–1937Seth E. Thomas, Jr.
Seth Thomas Clock Company, 1919–1931R. David Thomas
Wendy's International, 1969–1982Joe C. Thompson, Jr.
Southland Corporation, 1931–1961James W. Thompson
J. Walter Thompson Advertising Agency, 1878–1916John P. Thompson
Southland Corporation, 1961–1986Charles B. (Tex) Thornton
Litton Industries, 1953–1961Robert L. Tillman
Lowe's Companies, 1996–PresentLaurence A. Tisch
Loew's, 1961–1999Randall L. Tobias
Eli Lilly & Company, 1993–1998Rose Totino
Totino's Pizza, 1951–1975Henry R. Towne
Yale and Towne Manufacturing Company, 1868–1916Jane Trahey
Trahey Advertising, 1960–1975James G. Treybig
Tandem Computers, 1974–1995Juan T. Trippe
Pan American World Airways, 1927–1969Alex Trotman
Ford Motor Company, 1993–1998Donald J. Trump
Trump Organization, 1975–PresentDaniel P. Tully
Merrill Lynch & Company, 1993–1997Robert E. (Ted) Turner
Turner Communications, 1963–1996Erwin C. Uihlein
Schlitz Brewing Company, 1933–1961Frederick D. Underwood
Erie Railroad, 1901–1926John T. Underwood
Underwood Typewriter Company, 1903–1927E. Gifford Upjohn
Upjohn Company, 1953–1961P. Roy Vagelos
Merck & Company, 1985–1994Theodore N. Vail
American Telephone and Telegraph, 1907–1919Jay Van Andel
Amway Corporation, 1959–1992John W. Van Dyke
Atlantic Refining Company, 1911–1927Frank A. Vanderlip
National City Bank, 1909–1919Watson H. Vanderploeg
Kellogg Company, 1940–1956Robert L. Vann
Pittsburgh Courier, 1910–1940Samuel M. Vauclain
Baldwin Locomotive, 1919–1929Guy W. Vaughan
Curtiss-Wright Aircraft Company, 1935–1949Lillian M. Vernon (Katz)
Lillian Vernon Corporation, 1951–PresentMichael A. Volkema
Herman Miller, 1995–PresentErnest H. Volwiler
Abbott Laboratories, 1950–1958Diane S. M. von Furstenberg
Diane von Furstenberg, Ltd, 1970–PresentLinda J. Wachner
Warnaco, 1986–PresentTheodore W. Waitt
Gateway, 1985–1999Charles R. Walgreen III
Walgreen Company, 1969–1998Charles R. Walgreen, Jr.
Walgreen Company, 1939–1969Charles R. Walgreen
Walgreen Company, 1909–1939Madam C. J. Walker
Walker Manufacturing Company, 1906–1919Maggie L. Walker
St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, 1903–1930DeWitt Wallace
Reader's Digest, 1921–1973Dwane L. Wallace
Cessna Aircraft Company, 1936–1975James C. Wallace
American Ship Building Company, 1904–1913Henry G. Walter, Jr.
International Flavors & Fragrances, 1962–1985Samuel M. Walton
Wal-Mart Corporation, 1962–1988John Wanamaker
John Wanamaker and Company, 1875–1922An Wang
Wang Laboratories, 1951–1981Charles B. Wang
Computer Associates International, 1976–2000J. Basil Ward
Addressograph-Multigraph Corporation, 1952–1966Ralph E. Ward
Chesebrough-Pond's, 1968–1987Solomon D. Warfield
Seaboard Air Line Railroad, 1912–1927Harry M. Warner
Warner Brothers Pictures, 1923–1958Lew R. Wasserman
Music Corporation of America, 1946–1994Thomas J. Watson, Jr.
IBM, 1955–1971Thomas J. Watson, Sr.
IBM, 1914–1955Orlando F. Weber
Allied Chemical and Dye Company, 1920–1935Sanford I. Weill
Travelers Group/CitiGroup, 1986–2003Ernest T. Weir
National Steel Corporation, 1929–1957Sigfried Weis
Weis Markets, 1961–1994John F. Welch, Jr.
General Electric Company, 1981–2001Henry Wendt
SmithKline Beckman, 1982–1989Jann S. Wenner
Rolling Stone Magazine, 1967–PresentKenneth T. Wessner
ServiceMaster Company, 1975–1983George Westinghouse
Westinghouse Electric Company, 1885–1911Leslie Wexner
Limited (The), Inc., 1963–PresentJohn P. Weyerhaeuser, Jr.
Weyerhaeuser Timber Company, 1946–1956George H. Weyerhaeuser
Weyerhaeuser Timber Company, 1966–1999John P. Weyerhaeuser
Weyerhaeuser Timber Company, 1914–1928Walter H. Wheeler, Jr.
Pitney-Bowes, 1938–1971Uncas A. Whitaker
AMP, 1941–1971Carl E. Wickman
Greyhound Corporation, 1930–1946Albert H. Wiggin
Chase National Bank, 1911–1930Daniel Willard
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 1910–1941Langbourne M. Williams, Jr.
Freeport Sulphur Company, 1933–1958Joseph D. Williams
Warner-Lambert Corporation, 1985–1991Joseph C. Wilson II
Xerox Corporation, 1946–1971C. Kemmons Wilson
Holiday Inns of America, 1951–1979Charles Edward Wilson
General Electric Company, 1940–1950Charles Erwin Wilson
General Motors Corporation, 1941–1953Thornton A. Wilson
Boeing Company, 1969–1986Charles D. Wiman
Deere & Company, 1928–1955Oprah G. Winfrey
Harpo Productions, 1988–PresentHenry S. Wingate
International Nickel Corporation, 1954–1960Sidney W. Winslow, Jr.
United Shoe Machinery Company, 1927–1939Sidney W. Winslow
United Shoe Machinery Company, 1899–1917Paul B. Wishart
Honeywell, 1953–1960Robert E. Wood
Sears, Roebuck & Company, 1928–1954Richard D. Wood
Eli Lilly & Company, 1973–1991William M. Wood
American Woolen Mills Company, 1899–1926Robert W. Woodruff
Coca-Cola Company, 1923–1955Edgar S. Woolard, Jr.
DuPont Corporation, 1989–1995Clarence M. Woolley
American Radiator Company, 1902–1924Charles S. Woolworth
Woolworth (F. W.) and Company, 1919–1944Frank W. Woolworth
Woolworth (F. W.) and Company, 1879–1919Horace C. Wright
Sunbeam Corporation, 1935–1961Joseph S. Wright
Zenith Radio Corporation, 1959–1976Philip K. Wrigley
William Wrigley Jr. Company, 1925–1961William Wrigley III
William Wrigley Jr. Company, 1961–1999William Wrigley, Jr.
William Wrigley Jr. Company, 1892–1925Walter B. Wriston
Citibank/CitiCorp, 1967–1984Alan L. Wurtzel
Circuit City Stores, 1973–1986Oscar S. Wyatt, Jr.
Coastal Corporation, 1955–1997Jerry Yang
Yahoo!, 1995–PresentWalter R. Young, Jr.
Champion Enterprises, 1990–2003John A. Young
Hewlett-Packard Company, 1978–1992Robert R. Young
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, 1937–1954Alfred M. Zeien
Gillette Company, 1991–1999Samuel M. Zemurray
United Fruit Company, 1938–1951Vincent C. Ziegler
Gillette Company, 1965–1973Adolph Zukor
Paramount Pictures, 1916–1966
THE 20th CENTURY ZEITGEIST
Six contextual factors deeply influenced the opportunities available to 20th century business leaders:
