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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (108,942)
      • Faculty Publications  (170)

      Infrastructure Remove Infrastructure →

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      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      You've Got Mail! The Late 19th Century U.S. Postal Service Expansion, Entrepreneurship, and Firm Performance

      By: Astrid Marinoni and Maria P. Roche
      We analyze the impact of the US Postal Service's western expansion in the late 19th century, a major institutional innovation, on entrepreneurship and its heterogeneous influence on firm performance. Exploiting a novel dataset constructed from digitized archival...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Institutional Innovation; Knowledge Exchange; US Postal Service; Firm Performance; Infrastructure; Expansion; Government Administration; Communication; Business History; Public Administration Industry; California
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      Marinoni, Astrid, and Maria P. Roche. "You've Got Mail! The Late 19th Century U.S. Postal Service Expansion, Entrepreneurship, and Firm Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-022, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Case

      EducationSuperHighway 2.0

      By: William A. Sahlman, Allison M. Ciechanover and Emily Grandjean
      In 2012, Evan Marwell launched EducationSuperHighway (ESH) to address a major problem: though most public K-12 schools in the US had access to the Internet, only roughly 30% had true broadband access that would enable every student to have high speed connectivity. ...  View Details
      Keywords: Nonprofit Organizations; Social Entrepreneurship; Social Issues; Leading Change; Early Childhood Education; Infrastructure; Internet and the Web; Telecommunications Industry; Education Industry; Technology Industry; United States; San Francisco
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      Sahlman, William A., Allison M. Ciechanover, and Emily Grandjean. "EducationSuperHighway 2.0." Harvard Business School Case 823-060, October 2022.
      • June 2022
      • Case

      Zalando: Becoming the Starting Point for Fashion

      By: Antonio Moreno, Leela Nageswaran, Emilie Billaud and Federica Gabrieli
      Born in 2008 as a small startup selling flip flops, by mid-2021 Zalando had turned into an online fashion company with an assortment of more than 4,500 international brands, 45 million active customers, and a presence in 23 European markets. An essential component in...  View Details
      Keywords: Transition; Customer Value and Value Chain; Digital Platforms; Distribution; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Infrastructure; Logistics; Service Operations; Strategy; Business Strategy; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Distribution Industry; Retail Industry; Service Industry; Shipping Industry; Technology Industry; Europe
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      Moreno, Antonio, Leela Nageswaran, Emilie Billaud, and Federica Gabrieli. "Zalando: Becoming the Starting Point for Fashion." Harvard Business School Case 622-070, June 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Teaching Note

      Climate Action in Miami

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Martinez
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 322-101. The Miami metropolitan area is a global epicenter of climate risk from heat and sea level rise, but leaders have only recently mobilized for action to respond to this systemic challenge. Resilient 305 began a collaboration across...  View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Climate Impact; Change; Leadership; Cross-sector Collaboration; Coalition; Ecosystem; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Cities; Environmental Sustainability; Infrastructure; Green Technology; Environmental Management; Miami
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Catarina Martinez. "Climate Action in Miami." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 322-128, May 2022.
      • March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
      • Case

      Climate Action in Miami

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter
      The Miami metropolitan area is a global epicenter of climate risk from heat and sea level rise, but leaders have only recently mobilized for action to respond to this systemic challenge. Resilient 305 began a collaboration across officials in the cities of Miami and...  View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Climate Impact; Change; Leadership; Cross-sector Collaboration; Coalition; Ecosystem; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Green Business; Adaptation; Environmental Sustainability; Infrastructure; Green Technology; Environmental Management; Miami
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "Climate Action in Miami." Harvard Business School Case 322-101, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
      • March 2022
      • Background Note

      Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Mia Martinez
      This background Note introduces the implications of climate change (global warming) for American cities. In the U.S., partisan political divides and unaddressed economic and racial disparities in climate vulnerabilities can inhibit action. The two main fronts for...  View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Cities; Emission Reduction; Change; Change Leadership; Electric Power Generation; Transportation; Recycling; Green Business; Green Building; Ecosystem; Construction; Systems Change; Cross-sector Collaboration; Adaptation; Geographic Location; Resource Allocation; Infrastructure; Government and Politics; Social Issues; Urban Development; United States
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Catarina Mia Martinez. "Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-103, March 2022.
      • February 2022 (Revised September 2022)
      • Case

      Lilium: Preparing for Takeoff

      By: Navid Mojir, Vincent Dessain, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
      Lilium is a German company focused on developing electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles (eVTOLs) that can be used to offer air taxi services. The company went public in September 2021 through a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) deal, raising more than...  View Details
      Keywords: SPACs; Business Model; Forecasting and Prediction; Green Technology; Capital Markets; Venture Capital; Initial Public Offering; Rural Scope; Urban Scope; City; Disruptive Innovation; Growth and Development Strategy; Technological Innovation; Demand and Consumers; Market Timing; Industry Growth; Infrastructure; Logistics; Product Design; Product Development; Production; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Strategic Planning; Partners and Partnerships; Risk and Uncertainty; Urban Development; Sustainable Cities; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Air Transportation; Aerospace Industry; Air Transportation Industry; Green Technology Industry; Transportation Industry; Travel Industry; Germany; Munich; Brazil; United States; Florida
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      Mojir, Navid, Vincent Dessain, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej, and Emer Moloney. "Lilium: Preparing for Takeoff." Harvard Business School Case 522-084, February 2022. (Revised September 2022.)
      • February 2022
      • Case

      US Foods: Driving Post-Pandemic Success?

      By: David E. Bell, Olivia Hull and Amy Klopfenstein
      In November 2021, US Foods CEO Pietro Satriano must decide his company’s trajectory following the COVID-19 pandemic. US Foods suffered due to business closures and social distancing during the height of the pandemic. While the situation improved following the return of...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Agribusiness; Food; Goods and Commodities; Jobs and Positions; Job Design and Levels; Job Offer; Labor; Employment; Human Capital; Wages; Working Conditions; Operations; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Infrastructure; Logistics; Product Development; Diversification; Product Design; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Supply Chain Management; Social Psychology; Motivation and Incentives; Transportation; Truck Transportation; Transportation Networks; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Distribution Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Transportation Industry; United States
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      Bell, David E., Olivia Hull, and Amy Klopfenstein. "US Foods: Driving Post-Pandemic Success?" Harvard Business School Case 522-023, February 2022.
      • February 2022 (Revised April 2022)
      • Case

      BUA Group

      By: John D. Macomber, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Wale Lawal
      BUA Group must decide between investments in cement, road building, power generation, or sugar. Private businesses are important to economic development in Africa. Students must assess the competitive nature of each of these industries, the magnitude of capital...  View Details
      Keywords: Investing; Transportation; Strategy; Project Finance; Agribusiness; Construction; Infrastructure; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Nigeria; Africa
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      Macomber, John D., Pippa Tubman Armerding, and Wale Lawal. "BUA Group." Harvard Business School Case 222-062, February 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
      • November 2021 (Revised January 2022)
      • Case

      KFA, Inc.: Building the Future

      By: Lynda M. Applegate and Elizabeth M. Adams
      In 2021, Greg Bush, Jr., owner, president, and CEO of KFA, Inc. is working with his leadership team to plan for the future. KFA provides consulting services on software and project management needs for infrastructure projects. Bush and his team have just debuted a new...  View Details
      Keywords: Small Business; Communication Technology; Developing Countries and Economies; Growth and Development Strategy; Infrastructure; Consulting Industry; Information Technology Industry; Chicago; United States
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      Applegate, Lynda M., and Elizabeth M. Adams. "KFA, Inc.: Building the Future." Harvard Business School Case 822-046, November 2021. (Revised January 2022.)
      • 2021
      • Chapter

      Digital Infrastructure

      By: Shane Greenstein
      What determines the supply of innovative digital infrastructure and how does variance in supply shape the performance of digital services? The essay reviews research into the economic impact of deployment, innovation, and adoption of digital infrastructure. It...  View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Infrastructure; Economics; Policy; Research; Analysis; United States
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      Greenstein, Shane. "Digital Infrastructure." In Economic Analysis and Infrastructure Investment, edited by Edward L. Glaeser and James Poterba. National Bureau of Economic Research, and University of Chicago Press, 2021.
      • June 2021 (Revised December 2021)
      • Case

      The Lunar Gateway, Moon vs. Mars, and the Political Governance of Space Activities

      By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and Mehak Sarang
      In 2017, the Trump Administration made a bold claim—that they would return the next man and the first woman to the lunar surface by 2024, this time to establish a sustainable presence to enable further exploration in the solar system. With the Artemis Program, NASA has...  View Details
      Keywords: Space; Space Economy; Aerospace; Nasa; Governance; Policy; International Relations; Infrastructure
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      Weinzierl, Matthew C., and Mehak Sarang. "The Lunar Gateway, Moon vs. Mars, and the Political Governance of Space Activities." Harvard Business School Case 721-059, June 2021. (Revised December 2021.)
      • May 2021
      • Case

      Colombia: An Economic Premium to Peace?

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor
      Colombia, once the fastest growing country in Latin America, continues to struggle with productivity. Both labor productivity and total factor productivity have been low for the past decade, despite economic growth of 4.7% annually. Many factors contribute, which...  View Details
      Keywords: Productivity; Productivity Growth; Conflict; Labor Force Participation; Labor Market; Competitiveness; Dutch Disease; Security; Peace; Informality; Labor Laws; Total Factor Productivity; Labor Productivity; COVID-19 Pandemic; Economics; Development Economics; Economic Growth; Economy; Macroeconomics; Conflict Management; Competitive Advantage; Infrastructure; Negotiation; Inflation and Deflation; Non-Renewable Energy; National Security; Government Administration; Latin America; Central America; Colombia; South America
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      Vietor, Richard H.K. "Colombia: An Economic Premium to Peace?" Harvard Business School Case 721-053, May 2021.
      • 2021
      • Article

      Evidence of Decreasing Internet Entropy: The Lack of Redundancy in DNS Resolution by Major Websites and Services

      By: Samantha Bates, John Bowers, Shane Greenstein, Jordi Weinstock, Jonathan Zittrain and Yunhan Xu
      This paper analyzes the extent to which the Internet’s global domain name resolution (DNS) system has preserved its distributed resilience given the rise of cloud-based hosting and infrastructure. We explore trends in the concentration of the DNS space since at least...  View Details
      Keywords: Domain Name System; Resilience; Entropy; Internet and the Web; Infrastructure; Performance Effectiveness; Safety; Cybersecurity
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      Bates, Samantha, John Bowers, Shane Greenstein, Jordi Weinstock, Jonathan Zittrain, and Yunhan Xu. "Evidence of Decreasing Internet Entropy: The Lack of Redundancy in DNS Resolution by Major Websites and Services." Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media 1 (2021).
      • April 2021
      • Supplement

      Buy Online, Pickup in Store: CEO Supplement

      By: Antonio Moreno, Santiago Gallino and Amy Klopfenstein
      In April 2019, Sylvarella CEO Sylvia Coparella must assess the impact of the company’s Buy Online, Pickup in Store (BOPS) program on her company’s overall sales. To do so, she must review analyses of both e-commerce and brick-and-mortar sales data and compare the...  View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Service Delivery; Logistics; Infrastructure; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Analysis; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States; Canada
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      Moreno, Antonio, Santiago Gallino, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Buy Online, Pickup in Store: CEO Supplement." Harvard Business School Supplement 621-104, April 2021.
      • April 2021
      • Case

      Buy Online, Pickup in Store: Evaluating an Omnichannel Intervention in Retail

      By: Antonio Moreno, Santiago Gallino and Amy Klopfenstein
      In October 2018, fashion, wellness, and beauty retailer Sylvarella implemented a Buy Online, Pickup in Store (BOPS) program in an attempt to counteract a sales decline. While BOPS had the potential to meet customer expectations for a seamless order and fulfillment...  View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Service Delivery; Logistics; Infrastructure; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Analysis; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States; Canada
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      Moreno, Antonio, Santiago Gallino, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Buy Online, Pickup in Store: Evaluating an Omnichannel Intervention in Retail." Harvard Business School Case 621-103, April 2021.
      • April 2021
      • Supplement

      Buy Online, Pickup in Store: Vice President of E-Commerce Supplement

      By: Antonio Moreno, Santiago Gallino and Amy Klopfenstein
      In April 2019, Sylvarella VP of E-Commerce Charla Limont must review an analysis of her department’s sales data to determine the impact of the company’s Buy Online, Pickup in Store (BOPS) program. The program implementation created significant problems for the...  View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Service Delivery; Logistics; Infrastructure; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Analysis; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States; Canada
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      Moreno, Antonio, Santiago Gallino, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Buy Online, Pickup in Store: Vice President of E-Commerce Supplement." Harvard Business School Supplement 621-106, April 2021.
      • April 2021
      • Supplement

      Buy Online, Pickup in Store: Vice President of Store Operations Supplement

      By: Antonio Moreno, Santiago Gallino and Amy Klopfenstein
      In April 2019, Sylvarella VP of Store Operations Axley Vega must review an analysis of her department’s sales data to determine the impact of the company’s Buy Online, Pickup in Store (BOPS) program. BOPS implementation created significant problems for the store...  View Details
      Keywords: Operations; Service Delivery; Logistics; Infrastructure; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Analysis; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States; Canada
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      Moreno, Antonio, Santiago Gallino, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Buy Online, Pickup in Store: Vice President of Store Operations Supplement." Harvard Business School Supplement 621-105, April 2021.
      • March 2021
      • Technical Note

      Competitive Strategy in International Construction

      By: John D. Macomber and Emrah Ergelen
      Construction of buildings and infrastructure is one of the largest industries in the world in terms of volume. It is also one of the most physically risky, financially uncertain, and politically impacted. The industry is highly fragmented since there are few economies...  View Details
      Keywords: Construction; Infrastructure; Strategy; Marketing Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Strategic Planning; Global Range; Construction Industry
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      Macomber, John D., and Emrah Ergelen. "Competitive Strategy in International Construction." Harvard Business School Technical Note 221-074, March 2021.
      • November 2020
      • Case

      Axis My India

      By: Ananth Raman, Ann Winslow and Kairavi Dey
      Pradeep Gupta founded Axis My India (AMI) as a printing and publishing company in 1998. In 2013, AMI expanded into consumer research and election forecasting. Although a relatively unknown entity, AMI predicted several election results accurately. Gupta describes AMI’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Market Research; Operations; Management; Infrastructure; Logistics; Service Operations; Political Elections; Forecasting and Prediction; Asia; India
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      Raman, Ananth, Ann Winslow, and Kairavi Dey. "Axis My India." Harvard Business School Case 621-075, November 2020.
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