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- April 2021
- Article
The Effects of Quota Frequency: Sales Performance and Product Focus
By: Doug J. Chung, Das Narayandas and Dongkyu Chang
This study investigates the comprehensive and multidimensional effects of quota (goal) frequency on sales force performance. We develop a theory of salespeople’s behavior—aggregate effort and the product type focus—in response to the temporal length of a sales-quota...
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Keywords:
Sales Force Compensation;
Field Experiment;
Quotas;
Quota Frequency;
Commissions;
Bonuses;
Goals;
Salesforce Management;
Compensation and Benefits;
Goals and Objectives;
Behavior;
Performance
Chung, Doug J., Das Narayandas, and Dongkyu Chang. "The Effects of Quota Frequency: Sales Performance and Product Focus." Management Science 67, no. 4 (April 2021): 2151–2170.
- May 1989
- Article
Tariffs vs. Quotas with Implicit Collusion
By: J. J. Rotemberg and Garth Saloner
Keywords:
Taxation
Rotemberg, J. J., and Garth Saloner. "Tariffs vs. Quotas with Implicit Collusion." Canadian Journal of Economics 22 (May 1989): 237–244.
- 25 Jan 2017
- Working Paper Summaries
The Effects of Quota Frequency on Sales Force Performance: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Keywords:
by Doug J. Chung and Das Narayandas
- 06 Jul 2015
- News
Money and Quotas Motivate the Sales Force Best
The Effects of Quota Frequency: Sales Performance and Product Focus
This study investigates the comprehensive and multidimensional effects of quota (goal) frequency on sales force performance. The study provides a theory of salespeople’s behavior—aggregate effort and the product type focus—in response to the temporal length of a...
View Details
- 06 Jul 2015
- Research & Ideas
Money and Quotas Motivate the Sales Force Best
specifically for the experiment—not actual field research. "Luckily, this company wanted to know about the compensation plan in more detail, so they were willing to experiment, and we took advantage of that," Chung says. The Power Of View Details
- Article
Study: More Frequent Sales Quotas Help Volume but Hurt Profits
By: Doug J. Chung and Das Narayandas
Chung, Doug J., and Das Narayandas. "Study: More Frequent Sales Quotas Help Volume but Hurt Profits." Harvard Business Review (website) (August 14, 2017).
- 14 Aug 2017
- News
Study: More Frequent Sales Quotas Help Volume but Hurt Profits
- January 2019 (Revised February 2020)
- Case
Roush Performance: How to Design a Sales Force Compensation Plan
By: Doug J. Chung
Roush Performance manufactured and marketed factory-modified performance vehicles and high-end aftermarket automotive performance parts. Since its inception, Roush Performance had focused on building its engineering technology competency and diversifying its product...
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Keywords:
Sales Force Management;
Motivation;
Compensation;
Salary;
Commissions;
Bonuses;
Quotas;
Salesforce Management;
Compensation and Benefits;
Motivation and Incentives
Chung, Doug J. "Roush Performance: How to Design a Sales Force Compensation Plan." Harvard Business School Case 519-066, January 2019. (Revised February 2020.)
- March 2020 (Revised October 2020)
- Module Note
Sales Force Compensation
By: Doug J. Chung
The author developed this note for scholars, educators, and practitioners that are interested in sales force compensation. It is based on the author’s investigations across a variety of organizations in multiple industries and provides a conceptual framework for the...
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Keywords:
Sales Strategy;
Sales Force Management;
Sales Compensation;
Salary;
Commissions;
Bonuses;
Quota Setting/updating;
Quota Frequency;
Extrinsic Vs Intrinsic Motivation;
Salesforce Management;
Compensation and Benefits;
Strategy
Chung, Doug J. "Sales Force Compensation." Harvard Business School Module Note 520-084, March 2020. (Revised October 2020.)
- 22 Mar 2017
- Research & Ideas
What's the Ideal Frequency for a Sales Quota?
More frequent quotas can motivate underperforming sales reps. StockPhoto Personal selling is a key ingredient in making the American economy go. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, about 10 percent of the labor force in...
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Keywords:
by Carmen Nobel
- July 2020
- Background Note
Gender Diversity on Boards: Views from Norway
By: Aiyesha Dey
The issue of gender diversity on boards has received increased attention in U.S markets over the past few years. In 2018, California introduced a law which required boards of U.S-listed firms with headquarters in California to include at least one female director by...
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Keywords:
Board Of Directors;
Board Decisions;
Gender;
Diversity;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Norway;
United States
Dey, Aiyesha. "Gender Diversity on Boards: Views from Norway." Harvard Business School Background Note 120-065, July 2020.
- September 2011 (Revised November 2011)
- Case
Liberté, Égalité, Sororité: How Should France Achieve Boardroom Parité?
By: Boris Groysberg and Hilary Fischer-Groban
The French government is considering mandating a gender quota for corporate boards. Other countries have approached the question of gender equity in corporate governance in various ways; which model might best work for France?
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Keywords:
Equality and Inequality;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Gender;
Corporate Governance;
France
Groysberg, Boris, and Hilary Fischer-Groban. "Liberté, Égalité, Sororité: How Should France Achieve Boardroom Parité?" Harvard Business School Case 412-061, September 2011. (Revised November 2011.)
- 12 Sep 2017
- News
What’s the Right Kind of Bonus to Motivate Your Sales Force?
- March 1990 (Revised June 1991)
- Case
IBM Corp.: ""Make It Your Business"" (A)
By: Robert L. Simons
In 1987, IBM changed its strategy in an attempt to become a market-driven company rather than a product-driven company. The case begins with a description of the new strategy and the reasons for the change and then describes the top-down sales planning and quota system...
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Keywords:
Commercialization;
Competitive Advantage;
Business Strategy;
Goals and Objectives;
Strategic Planning;
Motivation and Incentives;
Sales;
Volatility;
System;
Information Technology Industry
Simons, Robert L. IBM Corp.: ""Make It Your Business"" (A). Harvard Business School Case 190-137, March 1990. (Revised June 1991.)
- 22 Mar 2017
- News
What's the Ideal Frequency for a Sales Quota?
- 02 Sep 2020
- News
The 1920s and H1B visas
- 28 Aug 2018
- First Look
New Research and Ideas, August 28, 2018
important for fundamental firm value and is only revealed following the information-rich dual trading by insiders and linked institutions Download working paper: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=54904 The Effects of Quota...
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Keywords:
Dina Gerdeman
- April 1992 (Revised February 1993)
- Supplement
Otis South Africa (B)
By: Michael Beer
Covers a June 1990 Social Responsibility Conference held by George David to evaluate the progress of his new management team in increasing the pace of nonwhite advancement. The U.S. CEO and the managing director of Otis South Africa disagree over the suitability of...
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Keywords:
Conflict Management;
Race;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Management Teams;
South Africa
Beer, Michael. "Otis South Africa (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 492-050, April 1992. (Revised February 1993.)
- October 1996 (Revised December 2022)
- Case
Chiquita Brands International (A)
By: Debora L. Spar and Terence Mulligan
When a new banana import policy is implemented in 1993 by the European Union, Chiquita Brands International, the world's largest banana distributor, watches its sales and net income plummet. The policy, Council Regulation (EEC 404/93), uses a new tariff and quota...
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Keywords:
Plant-Based Agribusiness;
Trade;
Government and Politics;
Policy;
Market Design;
Fairness;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Latin America;
European Union
Spar, Debora L., and Terence Mulligan. "Chiquita Brands International (A)." Harvard Business School Case 797-015, October 1996. (Revised December 2022.)