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All HBS Web
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- Research (22)
- Faculty Publications (10)
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- April 2021
- Article
Homing and Platform Responses to Entry: Historical Evidence from the U.S. Newspaper Industry
By: K. Francis Park, Robert Seamans and Feng Zhu
We examine how heterogeneity in customers’ tendencies to single-home or multi-home affects a platform’s competitive responses to new entrants in the market. We first develop a formal model to generate predictions about how a platform will respond. We then empirically...
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Keywords:
Single-homing;
Multi-homing;
Platform Responses;
Newpaper;
Television;
Digital Platforms;
Market Entry and Exit;
Newspapers;
Television Entertainment;
History;
Journalism and News Industry;
Media and Broadcasting Industry
Park, K. Francis, Robert Seamans, and Feng Zhu. "Homing and Platform Responses to Entry: Historical Evidence from the U.S. Newspaper Industry." Strategic Management Journal 42, no. 4 (April 2021): 684–709.
- July 2021
- Article
Information Transparency, Multihoming, and Platform Competition: A Natural Experiment in the Daily Deals Market
By: Hui Li and Feng Zhu
Platform competition is shaped by the likelihood of multi-homing (i.e., complementors or consumers adopt more than one platform). To take advantage of multi-homing, platform firms often attempt to motivate their rivals’ high-performing complementors to adopt their own...
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Keywords:
Platform Competition;
Multi-homing;
Information Transparency;
Daily Deals;
Groupon;
LivingSocial;
Digital Platforms;
Information;
Competition
Li, Hui, and Feng Zhu. "Information Transparency, Multihoming, and Platform Competition: A Natural Experiment in the Daily Deals Market." Management Science 67, no. 7 (July 2021): 4384–4407.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Exclusive Dealing and Entry by Competing Two-Sided Platforms
By: Cristian Chica, Kenneth Chuk and Jorge Tamayo
We study competition between horizontally differentiated platforms offering exclusive and non-exclusive contracts to one side of the market (content providers). The introduction of non-exclusive contracts in addition to exclusive contracts softens the competition for...
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Keywords:
Two-Sided Markets;
Platform Price Competition;
Network Externalities;
Exclusive Contracts;
Multi-homing;
Digital Platforms;
Price;
Competition;
Contracts
Chica, Cristian, Kenneth Chuk, and Jorge Tamayo. "Exclusive Dealing and Entry by Competing Two-Sided Platforms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-092, March 2021. (R&R International Journal of Industrial Organization.)
- February 2024
- Article
Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence
By: Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang and Ali Yurukoglu
Existing theories of media competition imply that advertisers will pay a lower price in equilibrium to reach consumers who multi-home across competing outlets. We generalize, extend, and test this prediction. We find that television outlets whose viewers watch more...
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Gentzkow, Matthew, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang, and Ali Yurukoglu. "Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence." American Economic Review 114, no. 2 (February 2024): 500–533.
- 2019
- Chapter
Network Effects
By: Andrei Hagiu and David B. Yoffie
Network effects are a key economic and strategic phenomenon in 'new economy' industries. They can, but do not necessarily, lead to market tipping, unless they outweigh customers' benefits from differentiation and are accompanied by high switching and multi-homing...
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Keywords:
Network Effects
Hagiu, Andrei, and David B. Yoffie. "Network Effects." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management. Continuously updated edition, edited by Mie Augier and David J. Teece. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. Electronic. (Pre-published, October 2013.)
- May 2019 (Revised March 2022)
- Module Note
Nascent Platform Strategy: Overcoming the Chicken-or-Egg Problem
By: Andy Wu, David R. Clough and Sasha Kaletsky
This note provides a framework for addressing the classic chicken-or-egg dilemma facing entrepreneurs launching nascent multi-sided platforms. There are several conditions that lead to a difficult chicken-or-egg problem: strong network effects, high multi-homing costs,...
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Keywords:
Multi-Sided Platforms;
Strategy;
Entrepreneurship;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Competitive Advantage
Wu, Andy, David R. Clough, and Sasha Kaletsky. "Nascent Platform Strategy: Overcoming the Chicken-or-Egg Problem." Harvard Business School Module Note 719-507, May 2019. (Revised March 2022.)
- 2013
- Working Paper
Competing Ad Auctions
By: Itai Ashlagi, Benjamin Edelman and Hoan Soo Lee
We present a two-stage model of competing ad auctions. Search engines attract users via Cournot-style competition. Meanwhile, each advertiser must pay a participation cost to use each ad platform, and advertiser entry strategies are derived using symmetric Bayes-Nash...
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Keywords:
Online Advertising;
Auctions;
Market Participation;
Market Platforms;
Mathematical Methods;
Competition
Ashlagi, Itai, Benjamin Edelman, and Hoan Soo Lee. "Competing Ad Auctions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-055, January 2010. (Revised May 2010, February 2011, September 2013.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence
By: Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang and Ali Yurukoglu
Existing theories of media competition imply that advertisers will pay a lower price in equilibrium to reach consumers who multi-home across competing outlets. We generalize and extend this theoretical result and test it using data from television and social media...
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Gentzkow, Matthew, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang, and Ali Yurukoglu. "Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30278, July 2022.
- April 2013
- Article
First-Party Content and Coordination in Two-Sided Markets
By: Andrei Hagiu and Daniel Spulber
The strategic use of first-party content by two-sided platforms is driven by two key factors: the nature of buyer and seller expectations (favorable versus unfavorable) and the nature of the relationship between first-party content and third-party content (complements...
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Keywords:
Two-sided Platforms;
Platform Strategy;
Technology;
Information Technology;
Performance Expectations;
Strategy;
Digital Platforms
Hagiu, Andrei, and Daniel Spulber. "First-Party Content and Coordination in Two-Sided Markets." Management Science 59, no. 4 (April 2013): 933–949.
- 22 Mar 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Platform Competition under Asymmetric Information
- 2011
- Working Paper
Platform Competition under Asymmetric Information
In the context of platform competition in a two-sided market, we study how ex-ante uncertainty and ex-post asymmetric information concerning the value of a new technology affects the strategies of the platforms and the market outcome. We find that the incumbent...
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Keywords:
Information;
Technological Innovation;
Market Entry and Exit;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Outcome or Result;
Performance Efficiency;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Competitive Strategy
Halaburda, Hanna, and Yaron Yehezkel. "Platform Competition under Asymmetric Information." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-080, February 2011. (Revised June 2011, April 2012.)
- 29 Jan 2019
- First Look
New Research and Ideas, January 29, 2019
for strategic problem formulation and problem solving relative to which deviations and counterproductive moves can be specified and measured. Download working paper: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=55554 Multi-Homing and...
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Keywords:
Dina Gerdeman
- Web
Winning with Digital Platforms Online Course | HBS Online
Recognize and examine the characteristics of multi-homing and network clusters and assess new markets based on network shape. Highlights Vlad Christoff (Fasten) Jon Li (Picabuu) Multihoming: Incumbents vs New Entrants ShowHide Details...
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- 17 Oct 2017
- First Look
First Look at New Research and Ideas, October 17, 2017
play in firms that seek enhanced digital agility. Download working paper: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=52707 Multi-homing and Platform Strategies: Historical Evidence from the U.S. Newspaper Industry By: Park, K....
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Keywords:
Sean Silverthorne
- 12 Jul 2011
- First Look
First Look: July 12
competition results in a lower quantity and lower welfare than a monopoly. We consider two applications of the model. First, we consider multi-homing. We find that multi-homing solves the market failure resulting from asymmetric...
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Keywords:
Carmen Nobel
- 08 Mar 2011
- First Look
First Look: March 8
empirical evidence that multi-homing advertisers are larger than single-homing advertisers. We then link our model to search engine market conditions: we derive comparative statics on consumer choice parameters, presenting relationships...
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Keywords:
Sean Silverthorne
- 15 Feb 2011
- First Look
First Look: Feb. 15
the market. Second, we consider multi-homing. We find that the incumbent dominates the market and earns higher profit under multi-homing than under single-homing. Multi-homing solves the market failure...
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Keywords:
Sean Silverthorne
- 06 May 2014
- First Look
First Look: May 6
economy" industries. They can, but do not necessarily, lead to market tipping, unless they outweigh customers' benefits from differentiation and are accompanied by high switching and multi-homing costs. Network effects create the...
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Keywords:
Sean Silverthorne
- 15 May 2012
- First Look
First Look: May 15
monopoly incumbent would set the welfare-maximizing level of trade, this result indicates that platform competition may lead to a market failure: competition results in a lower level of trade and lower welfare than a monopoly. We also consider multi-homing. We find...
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Keywords:
Carmen Nobel
- 26 Jan 2010
- First Look
First Look: Jan. 26
Working PapersCompeting Ad Auctions: Multi-homing and Participation Costs Authors:Itai Ashlagi, Benjamin Edelman, and Hoan Soo Lee Abstract We model competing auctions for online advertising, with attention to the participation costs...
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Keywords:
Martha Lagace