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- 2020
- Working Paper
Conflicting Interests and the Effect of Fiduciary Duty—Evidence from Variable Annuities
By: Mark Egan, Shan Ge and Johnny Tang
We examine the drivers of variable annuity sales and the impact of a proposed regulatory change. Variable annuities are popular retirement products with over $2 trillion in assets in the United States. Insurers typically pay brokers a commission for selling variable...
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Keywords:
Variable Annuity;
Brokers;
Fiduciary Duty;
Finance;
Investment;
Insurance;
Conflict Of Interests;
Financial Services Industry;
Insurance Industry;
United states
Egan, Mark, Shan Ge, and Johnny Tang. "Conflicting Interests and the Effect of Fiduciary Duty—Evidence from Variable Annuities." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-018, August 2020. (Revise and Resubmit at the Review of Financial Studies. Revised August 2020. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 27577, July 2020)
- 2020
- Working Paper
The Seeds of Ideology: Historical Immigration and Political Preferences in the United States
By: Paola Giuliano and Marco Tabellini
We test the relationship between historical immigration to the U.S. and political ideology today. We hypothesize that European immigrants brought with them their preferences for the welfare state, and that this had a long-lasting effect on the political ideology of...
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Giuliano, Paola, and Marco Tabellini. "The Seeds of Ideology: Historical Immigration and Political Preferences in the United States." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-118, May 2020. (Revised November 2020. Available also from VOX, UCLA Anderson Review, Weekendavisen and in Cato Institute.)
- February 2020 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
From Cradle to Heaven: Taikang Insurance Group
By: William C. Kirby, Shu Lin, John P. McHugh and Yuanzhuo Wang
Taikang Insurance Group was a leading Chinese insurance and financial services institution. It operated in the insurance, asset management, and health and senior care industries. Due to China’s underdeveloped social welfare state, Taikang saw an opportunity for the...
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Kirby, William C., Shu Lin, John P. McHugh, and Yuanzhuo Wang. "From Cradle to Heaven: Taikang Insurance Group." Harvard Business School Case 320-088, February 2020. (Revised June 2020.)
- 2018
- Book
The Academy of Fisticuffs: Political Economy and Commercial Society in Enlightenment Italy
The terms “capitalism” and “socialism” continue to haunt our political and economic imaginations, but we rarely consider their interconnected early history. Even the 18th century had its “socialists,” but unlike those of the 19th, they paradoxically sought to make the...
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Keywords:
Enlightenment;
Political Economy;
Italy;
Commercial Society;
Economic Systems;
Trade;
History;
Markets;
Society;
Italy
Reinert, Sophus A. The Academy of Fisticuffs: Political Economy and Commercial Society in Enlightenment Italy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Good Credit and the Good Life: Credit Scores Predict Subjective Well-Being
By: Joe J. Gladstone and Ashley V. Whillans
Can money buy happiness? To examine this question, research in economics, psychology, and sociology has focused almost exclusively on examining the associations between income, spending or wealth and subjective well-being. Moving beyond this research, we provide the...
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Keywords:
Well-being;
Credit Scores;
Consumer Finance;
Emotions;
Credit;
Personal Finance;
welfare;
Happiness
Gladstone, Joe J., and Ashley V. Whillans. "Good Credit and the Good Life: Credit Scores Predict Subjective Well-Being." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-112, June 2018.
- Article
"Troll" Check? A Proposal for Administrative Review of Patent Litigation
By: Lauren Cohen, John Golden, Umit Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers
The patent system is commonly justified as a way to promote social welfare and, more specifically, technological progress. For years, however, there has been concern that patent litigation is undermining, rather than furthering, these goals. Particularly in the United...
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Cohen, Lauren, John Golden, Umit Gurun, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Troll" Check? A Proposal for Administrative Review of Patent Litigation. Boston University Law Review 97, no. 5 (October 2017): 1775–1841.
- July 2016
- Article
Taxation, Corruption, and Growth
By: Philippe Aghion, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé and William R. Kerr
We build an endogenous growth model to analyze the relationships between taxation, corruption, and economic growth. Entrepreneurs lie at the center of the model and face disincentive effects from taxation but acquire positive benefits from public infrastructure....
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Keywords:
Endogenous Growth;
Taxation;
Public Goods;
Corruption;
Entrepreneurship;
Crime And Corruption;
Entrepreneurship;
Taxation;
Economic Growth
Aghion, Philippe, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé, and William R. Kerr. "Taxation, Corruption, and Growth." Special Issue on The Economics of Entrepreneurship. European Economic Review 86 (July 2016): 24–51.
- Article
Optimal Taxation When Children's Abilities Depend on Parents' Resources
By: Alexander Gelber and Matthew Weinzierl
Empirical research suggests that parents' economic resources affect their children's future earnings abilities. Optimal tax policy therefore treats future ability distributions as endogenous to current taxes. We model this endogeneity, calibrate the model to match...
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Gelber, Alexander, and Matthew Weinzierl. "Optimal Taxation When Children's Abilities Depend on Parents' Resources." National Tax Journal 69, no. 1 (March 2016): 11–40. (Winner, Richard A. Musgrave prize for best paper published in the NTJ.
Also HBS Working Paper 13-014 and NBER Working Paper 18332.)
- October 2015
- Teaching Note
1996 Welfare Reform in the United States
- June 2015
- Case
1996 Welfare Reform in the United States
By: Matthew Weinzierl, Katrina Flanagan and Alastair Su
On August 22, 1996, U.S. President Bill Clinton signed into law the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA)—a dramatic reform of the American system of economic assistance for the poor that, as its title suggested, attempted to...
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Keywords:
Welfare State;
Poverty;
Public Goods;
Moral Hazard;
Median Voter Theorem;
Poverty;
welfare;
Public Administration Industry;
United states
Weinzierl, Matthew, Katrina Flanagan, and Alastair Su. "1996 Welfare Reform in the United States." Harvard Business School Case 715-030, June 2015.
- April 2015 (Revised December 2020)
- Case
The German Export Engine
By: Gunnar Trumbull and Jonathan Schlefer
In fall of 2018, Germany’s chancellor Angela Merkel had logged significant successes. Germany was the largest exporter in the world, had maintained low unemployment through the 2008 financial crisis, and was gradually reforming its welfare state to meet future pension...
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Trumbull, Gunnar, and Jonathan Schlefer. "The German Export Engine." Harvard Business School Case 715-045, April 2015. (Revised December 2020.)
- Fall 2014
- Article
Seesaws and Social Security Benefits Indexing
The price indexation of Social Security benefit payments has emerged in recent years as a flashpoint of debate in the United States. I characterize the direct effects that changes in that price index would have on retirees who differ in their initial wealth at...
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Weinzierl, Matthew. "Seesaws and Social Security Benefits Indexing." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Fall 2014): 137–196.
- 2014
- Book
Consumer Lending in France and America: Credit and Welfare
By: Gunnar Trumbull
Why did America embrace consumer credit over the course of the twentieth century, when most other countries did not? How did American policy makers by the late twentieth century come to believe that more credit would make even poor families better off? This book traces...
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Trumbull, Gunnar. Consumer Lending in France and America: Credit and Welfare. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.
- July 2014
- Article
Smart Money? The Effect of Education on Financial Outcomes
By: Shawn A. Cole, Anna Paulson and Gauri Kartini Shastry
Household financial decisions are important for household welfare, economic growth and financial stability. Yet, our understanding of the determinants of financial decision-making is limited. Exploiting exogenous variation in state compulsory schooling laws in both...
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Cole, Shawn A., Anna Paulson, and Gauri Kartini Shastry. "Smart Money? The Effect of Education on Financial Outcomes." Review of Financial Studies 27, no. 7 (July 2014): 2022–2051.
- April 2013 (Revised February 2018)
- Case
Norway: The Embarrassment of Riches
In early 2013, Norway was by many accounts the world’s most developed country; it topped various indices for everything from democracy to happiness, had a comprehensive welfare state, and massive oil revenues endowed it with a substantial, and growing, Sovereign Wealth...
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Keywords:
Sovereign Wealth Funds;
Welfare State;
Natural Resources;
Internationalization;
Dutch Disease;
Happiness;
Macroeconomics;
Energy Sources;
Values And Beliefs;
Sovereign Finance;
Immigration;
welfare;
Energy Industry;
Norway
Reinert, Sophus A. "Norway: The Embarrassment of Riches." Harvard Business School Case 713-061, April 2013. (Revised February 2018.)
- Article
Credit Access and Social Welfare: The Rise of Consumer Lending in the United States and France
By: Gunnar Trumbull
Research into the causes of the 2008 financial crisis has drawn attention to a link between growing income inequality in the United States and high household indebtedness. Most accounts trace the U.S. idea of credit-as-welfare to the period of wage stagnation and...
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Trumbull, Gunnar. "Credit Access and Social Welfare: The Rise of Consumer Lending in the United States and France." Politics & Society 40, no. 1 (March 2012).
- January 2011
- Article
Building a Better America—One Wealth Quintile at a Time
By: Michael I. Norton and Dan Ariely
Disagreements about the optimal level of wealth inequality underlie policy debates ranging from taxation to welfare. We attempt to insert the desires of "regular" Americans into these debates, by asking a nationally representative online panel to estimate the current...
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Keywords:
Taxation;
Policy;
Perspective;
Wealth;
Equality And Inequality;
Income;
Demography;
Debates;
welfare;
Diversity;
Philanthropy And Charitable Giving;
United states
Norton, Michael I., and Dan Ariely. "Building a Better America—One Wealth Quintile at a Time." Perspectives on Psychological Science 6, no. 1 (January 2011): 9–12.
- 2010
- Working Paper
Regulating for Legitimacy: Consumer Credit Access in France and America
Theories of legitimate regulation have emphasized the role of governments either in fixing market failures to promote greater efficiency or in restricting the efficient functioning of markets in order to pursue public welfare goals. In either case, features of markets...
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Keywords:
Borrowing And Debt;
Credit;
Financial Markets;
Personal Finance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, And Reforms;
Business History;
Business And Government Relations;
welfare;
France;
United states
Trumbull, J. Gunnar. "Regulating for Legitimacy: Consumer Credit Access in France and America." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-047, November 2010.
- 2010
- Other Unpublished Work
Is High School the Right Time to Teach Self-control? The Effect of Financial Education and Mathematics Courses on Savings Behavior
By: Shawn A. Cole and Gauri Kartini Shastry
Household financial behavior affects household welfare and the economy at large. Yet our understanding of how to improve financial decisions is limited. Recent literature and policy attention have focused on financial education, for example, in high school. We use...
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Keywords:
Saving;
Financial Management;
Secondary Education;
Behavior;
Decision Choices And Conditions;
Personal Finance;
Household
Cole, Shawn A., and Gauri Kartini Shastry. "Is High School the Right Time to Teach Self-control? The Effect of Financial Education and Mathematics Courses on Savings Behavior." June 2010.
- February 2010
- Article
Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry: Lessons from Cardiac Surgery
By: David M. Cutler, Robert S. Huckman and Jonathan T. Kolstad
Prior studies suggest that, with elastically supplied inputs, free entry may lead to an inefficiently high number of firms in equilibrium. Under input scarcity, however, the welfare loss from free entry is reduced. Further, free entry may increase use of high-quality...
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Keywords:
Government Legislation;
Health Care And Treatment;
Medical Specialties;
Market Entry And Exit;
welfare;
Health Industry;
Pennsylvania
Cutler, David M., Robert S. Huckman, and Jonathan T. Kolstad. "Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry: Lessons from Cardiac Surgery." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2, no. 1 (February 2010): 51–76.