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      • Faculty Publications  (14)

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      • March 2025 (Revised June 2025)
      • Case

      No One Left Behind (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock and David Lane
      In September 2021, the board of directors for the nonprofit No One Left Behind (NOLB) faced a crucial decision. Since its 2013 founding, NOLB had helped resettle in the United States thousands of Afghans and Iraqis who had assisted U.S. forces as combat translators;... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; Service Industry; Afghanistan; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock, and David Lane. "No One Left Behind (A)." Harvard Business School Case 325-007, March 2025. (Revised June 2025.)
      • March 2025
      • Supplement

      No One Left Behind (B)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock and David Lane
      In September 2021, the board of directors for the nonprofit No One Left Behind (NOLB) faced a crucial decision. Since its 2013 founding, NOLB had helped resettle in the United States thousands of Afghans and Iraqis who had assisted U.S. forces as combat translators;... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; Service Industry; Afghanistan; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock, and David Lane. "No One Left Behind (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 325-008, March 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Supplement

      No One Left Behind (C)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock and David Lane
      In September 2021, the board of directors for the nonprofit No One Left Behind (NOLB) faced a crucial decision. Since its 2013 founding, NOLB had helped resettle in the United States thousands of Afghans and Iraqis who had assisted U.S. forces as combat translators;... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; Service Industry; Afghanistan; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock, and David Lane. "No One Left Behind (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 325-009, March 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Supplement

      No One Left Behind (D)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock and David Lane
      In September 2021, the board of directors for the nonprofit No One Left Behind (NOLB) faced a crucial decision. Since its 2013 founding, NOLB had helped resettle in the United States thousands of Afghans and Iraqis who had assisted U.S. forces as combat translators;... View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth and Maturation; Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Mission and Purpose; Nonprofit Organizations; Service Industry; Afghanistan; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard, Max Hancock, and David Lane. "No One Left Behind (D)." Harvard Business School Supplement 325-012, March 2025.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups

      By: William R. Kerr and Sari Pekkala Kerr
      Immigrants account for about a quarter of US invention and entrepreneurship despite a policy environment that is not well suited for these purposes. This chapter reviews the U.S. immigration policy environment that governs how skilled migrants move to America for... View Details
      Keywords: High-tech; H1-B; Immigration; Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Invention; Business Startups; Venture Capital
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      Kerr, William R., and Sari Pekkala Kerr. "Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups." In Innovation and Public Policy, edited by Austan D. Goolsbee and Benjamin F. Jones. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2022.
      • July 2020 (Revised September 2020)
      • Case

      MobSquad

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, William R. Kerr and Susie L. Ma
      Irfhan Rawji (MBA 2004) launched MobSquad in October 2018 to help American tech start-ups retain hard-to-find talent, many of whom struggled with U.S. work visa issues, such as software engineers with experience in artificial intelligence, machine learning, or data... View Details
      Keywords: Work Visas; H1-B; Business Ventures; Business Startups; Labor; Human Capital; Human Resources; Crisis Management; Employment Industry; Canada; United States
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, William R. Kerr, and Susie L. Ma. "MobSquad." Harvard Business School Case 821-010, July 2020. (Revised September 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups

      By: William R. Kerr and Sari Pekkala Kerr
      Immigrants account for about a quarter of U.S. invention and entrepreneurship despite a policy environment that is not well suited for these purposes. This chapter reviews the U.S. immigration policy environment that governs how skilled migrants move to America for... View Details
      Keywords: Invention; Innovation; Startups; High-tech; Immigration; Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Invention; Business Startups; Venture Capital; United States
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      Kerr, William R., and Sari Pekkala Kerr. "Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-105, April 2020.
      • 2020
      • Chapter

      The Gift of Global Talent: Innovation Policy and the Economy

      By: William R. Kerr
      Talent is the most precious resource for today’s knowledge-based economy, and a significant share of the U.S. skilled workforce in technology fields is foreign born. The United States has long held a leading position in attracting global talent, but the gap to other... View Details
      Keywords: Global Talent Flows; Talent and Talent Management; Global Range; Immigration; Policy; Economy
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      Kerr, William R. "The Gift of Global Talent: Innovation Policy and the Economy." Chap. 1 in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 20, edited by Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, 1–37. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2020.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      The Gift of Global Talent: Innovation Policy and the Economy

      By: William R. Kerr
      Talent is the most precious resource for today’s knowledge-based economy, and a significant share of the U.S. skilled workforce in technology fields is foreign born. The United States has long held a leading position in attracting global talent, but the gap to other... View Details
      Keywords: Global Talent Flows; Talent and Talent Management; Global Range; Immigration; Policy; Economy
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      Kerr, William R. "The Gift of Global Talent: Innovation Policy and the Economy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-116, May 2019.
      • November 2014
      • Article

      The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying

      By: William R. Kerr, William F. Lincoln and Prachi Mishra
      We study the determinants of the dynamics of firm lobbying behavior using a panel data set covering 1998–2006. Our data exhibit three striking facts: (i) few firms lobby, (ii) lobbying status is strongly associated with firm size, and (iii) lobbying status is highly... View Details
      Keywords: Lobbying; Political Economy; H-1B; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Policy; Immigration
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      Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 6, no. 4 (November 2014): 343–379.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying

      By: William R. Kerr, William F. Lincoln and Prachi Mishra
      We study the determinants of the dynamics of firm lobbying behavior using a panel data set covering 1998–2006. Our data exhibit three striking facts: (i) few firms lobby, (ii) lobbying status is strongly associated with firm size, and (iii) lobbying status is highly... View Details
      Keywords: Lobbying; Political Economy; H-1B; Business Ventures; Policy; Government Legislation; Immigration; Business and Government Relations; Research; Prejudice and Bias
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      Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-034, October 2011. (Revised August 2013.)
      • November 2010
      • Case

      Bling Nation

      By: William A. Sahlman and Liz Kind
      Bling Nation, a Palo Alto, CA startup, was founded in 2007 as a mobile payment service provider that bypassed industry participants such as Visa and MasterCard. Bling Nation partnered with local community banks and merchants in small towns. The banks provided their... View Details
      Keywords: Culture
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      Sahlman, William A., and Liz Kind. "Bling Nation." Harvard Business School Case 811-029, November 2010.
      • July 2010
      • Article

      The Supply Side of Innovation: H-1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention

      By: William R. Kerr and William F. Lincoln
      This study evaluates the impact of high-skilled immigrants on U.S. technology formation. We use reduced-form specifications that exploit large changes in the H-1B visa program. Higher H-1B admissions increase immigrant science and engineering (SE) employment and... View Details
      Keywords: Engineering; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Immigration; Innovation and Invention; Patents; Business and Government Relations; Science; United States
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      Kerr, William R., and William F. Lincoln. "The Supply Side of Innovation: H-1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention." Journal of Labor Economics 28, no. 3 (July 2010): 473–508. (Winner of H. Gregg Lewis Prize for Best Paper in Journal of Labor Economics 2010-2011.)
      • 2008
      • Working Paper

      The Supply Side of Innovation: H-1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention

      By: William R. Kerr and William F. Lincoln
      This study evaluates the impact of high-skilled immigrants on US technology formation. Specifically, we use reduced-form specifications that exploit large changes in the H-1B visa program. Fluctuations in H-1B admissions levels significantly influence the rate of... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Patents; Ethnicity; Immigration; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Kerr, William R., and William F. Lincoln. "The Supply Side of Innovation: H-1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-005, December 2008. (FAQ on paper, Appendix, forthcoming at Journal of Labor Economics.)
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