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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (14,289)
      • Faculty Publications  (4,166)

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      • July–August 2025
      • Article

      How the Busiest People Find Joy

      By: Leslie A. Perlow, Sari Mentser and Salvatore J. Affinito
      Joy, along with achievement and meaningfulness, is one of the three keys to a satisfying life. Yet it’s the missing piece for many ambitious individuals, the authors found after examining data on how nearly 2,000 professionals spend their days. Jam-packed schedules are... View Details
      Keywords: Well-being; Satisfaction; Work-Life Balance; Happiness
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      Perlow, Leslie A., Sari Mentser, and Salvatore J. Affinito. "How the Busiest People Find Joy." Harvard Business Review (July–August 2025): 135–139.
      • August 2025
      • Article

      Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Olivia S. Kim, Jonathan A. Parker and Antoinette Schoar
      Using financial account data linking small businesses to their owner households, we examine how business owners’ consumption responded to changes in business revenues during the COVID-19 crisis. In the first two months following the National Emergency, business... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue; Small Business; Health Pandemics; Spending; Consumer Behavior
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      Kim, Olivia S., Jonathan A. Parker, and Antoinette Schoar. "Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the COVID-19 Pandemic." Art. 104079. Journal of Financial Economics 170 (August 2025).
      • July 2025
      • Case

      Mitsui & Co., Ltd.

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Akiko Saito
      In 2025, Kenichi Hori, President and CEO of Mitsui & Co., Ltd.—one of Japan’s most prominent Sogo Shosha (investment and trading companies with sprawling global footprints)—reflected on the company’s record-breaking profits. Its operations spanned multiple... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Management; Operations; Organizations; Japan
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Akiko Saito. "Mitsui & Co., Ltd." Harvard Business School Case 726-362, July 2025.
      • July 2025
      • Article

      Digital Lending and Financial Well-Being: Through the Lens of Mobile Phone Data

      By: AJ Chen, Omri Even-Tov, Jung Koo Kang and Regina Wittenberg-Moerman
      To mitigate information asymmetry about borrowers in developing economies, digital lenders use machine-learning algorithms and nontraditional data from borrowers’ mobile devices. Consequently, digital lenders have managed to expand access to credit for millions of... View Details
      Keywords: Informal Economy; Digital Banking; Mobile Phones; Developing Countries and Economies; Mobile and Wireless Technology; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Credit; Borrowing and Debt; Well-being; Banking Industry; Kenya
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      Chen, AJ, Omri Even-Tov, Jung Koo Kang, and Regina Wittenberg-Moerman. "Digital Lending and Financial Well-Being: Through the Lens of Mobile Phone Data." Accounting Review 100, no. 4 (July 2025): 135–159.
      • July 2025
      • Article

      On the Economic Origins of Concerns Over Women’s Chastity

      By: Anke Becker
      This paper studies the origins and function of customs and norms that intend to keep women from being promiscuous. Using large-scale survey data from more than 100 countries, I test the anthropological theory that a particular form of preindustrial... View Details
      Keywords: Infibulation; Female Sexuality; Paternity Uncertainty; Concern About Women's Chastity; Pastoralism; Economic Anthropology; History; Gender; Social Issues; Culture
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      Becker, Anke. "On the Economic Origins of Concerns Over Women’s Chastity." Review of Economic Studies 92, no. 4 (July 2025): 2303–2329.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Productivity Beliefs and Efficiency in Science

      By: Fabio Bertolotti, Kyle R. Myers and Wei Yang Tham
      We develop a method to estimate producers’ productivity beliefs in settings where output quantities and input prices are unobservable, and we use it to evaluate allocative efficiency in the market for science. Our model of researchers’ labor supply shows that their... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Productivity; Perception; Research
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      Bertolotti, Fabio, Kyle R. Myers, and Wei Yang Tham. "Productivity Beliefs and Efficiency in Science." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-063, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      That's Bananas! Art, Value and Our Capitalist way of Life

      By: Sophus A. Reinert and Rafael Di Tella
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      Reinert, Sophus A., and Rafael Di Tella. "That's Bananas! Art, Value and Our Capitalist way of Life." Harvard Business School Case 725-044, June 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Heterogeneous Beliefs and Stock Market Fluctuations

      By: Odhrain McCarthy and Sebastian Hillenbrand
      This paper examines the role of heterogeneous investor beliefs in explaining stock market puzzles. Using survey data, we show that individual investors and investment professionals, such as equity analysts and strategists, form distinct beliefs. These groups rely on... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Markets; Valuation; Stocks; Asset Pricing; Investment; Behavioral Finance
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      McCarthy, Odhrain, and Sebastian Hillenbrand. "Heterogeneous Beliefs and Stock Market Fluctuations." Working Paper, June 2025. (WFA Brattle Group Ph.D. Award for Outstanding Research.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Cash Flow Volatility, Return Predictability and Stock Price Decompositions: Why You Should Scale Prices by Trend Cash Flows

      By: Sebastian Hillenbrand and Odhrain McCarthy
      We address two inconvenient facts in asset pricing: (i) valuation ratios are often more related to future cash flows than to returns, and (ii) they mostly fail to predict returns. We show that these issues arise because stock prices are scaled by cash flows that... View Details
      Keywords: Cash Flow; Volatility; Investment Return; Asset Pricing; Forecasting and Prediction; Valuation; Stocks
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      Hillenbrand, Sebastian, and Odhrain McCarthy. "Cash Flow Volatility, Return Predictability and Stock Price Decompositions: Why You Should Scale Prices by Trend Cash Flows." Working Paper, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      Accounting for OpenAI at Microsoft

      By: Jonas Heese, Joseph Pacelli, Nicole Zelazko and Michael Norris
      In early 2025, Microsoft was evaluating the impact of its $14 billion investment in OpenAI. As OpenAI’s computing needs expanded, Microsoft positioned Azure as the exclusive provider for training and inference of their large language models. Despite the scale of the... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Financial Reporting; Revenue Recognition; Corporate Finance; Capital; Investment; Revenue; AI and Machine Learning; Valuation; Governance; Technology Industry; Financial Services Industry; Web Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; United States
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      Heese, Jonas, Joseph Pacelli, Nicole Zelazko, and Michael Norris. "Accounting for OpenAI at Microsoft." Harvard Business School Case 125-118, June 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Small Business Innovation Applied to National Needs

      By: Kyle Myers, Lauren Lanahan and Evan E. Johnson
      Small businesses have long supplied a disproportionate share of major innovations in the United States. We review a centerpiece policy on this topic: the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. We trace its legislative history and summarize program... View Details
      Keywords: Small Business; Innovation and Invention; Government Legislation; Entrepreneurial Finance; Business and Government Relations
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      Myers, Kyle, Lauren Lanahan, and Evan E. Johnson. "Small Business Innovation Applied to National Needs." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-062, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      Larry Culp at General Electric: Rebuilding an American Icon

      By: Nitin Nohria, Kayti Stanley, Ashka Stephen and Drew Goydan
      As he takes over as CEO of the iconic industrial giant General Electric, Larry Culp faces a range of urgent issues as the company is delisted from the DJIA and is seen by many as heading towards bankruptcy. Culp steers GE through a series of carefully thought-out moves... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership; Health Industry; Aerospace Industry; Industrial Products Industry; Financial Services Industry; North America; Europe
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      Nohria, Nitin, Kayti Stanley, Ashka Stephen, and Drew Goydan. "Larry Culp at General Electric: Rebuilding an American Icon." Harvard Business School Case 925-304, June 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      How Firms Respond to Worker Activism: Evidence from Global Supply Chains

      By: Yanhua Bird, Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
      Social movement pressures can lead organizations to concede and improve social performance to avoid disruption costs, but we theorize that such responses evoke concession costs that prompt organizations to shift resources and attention from other social domains whose... View Details
      Keywords: Worker Activism; Labor Standards; Tradeoffs; Global Supply Chains; Internal Governance Structure; Public Opinion; Supply Chain; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Working Conditions
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      Bird, Yanhua, Jodi L. Short, and Michael W. Toffel. "How Firms Respond to Worker Activism: Evidence from Global Supply Chains." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-061, June 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Fiscal Externalities of Transaction Taxes: Evidence from the Los Angeles Mansion Tax

      By: Daniel Green, Vikram Jambulapati, Jack Liebersohn and Tejaswi Velayudhan
      We estimate the fiscal externalities of a property transfer tax, the Los Angeles “Mansion Tax”, on the revenues from property taxes when assessed values are closely tied to transactions. In California, as in over half of U.S. states, growth in tax as- sessments... View Details
      Keywords: Public Finance; Real Estate; Property Demand; Taxation; Property; Revenue; Los Angeles
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      Green, Daniel, Vikram Jambulapati, Jack Liebersohn, and Tejaswi Velayudhan. "Fiscal Externalities of Transaction Taxes: Evidence from the Los Angeles Mansion Tax." SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 5273034, June 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Street Earnings: Implications for Asset Pricing

      By: Sebastian Hillenbrand and Odhrain McCarthy
      To address the excess volatility puzzle – the excessive movements in stock prices – researchers often study movements in valuation ratios. However, we demonstrate that movements in valuation ratios based on fundamental measures with high transitory volatility, such as... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Return; Asset Pricing; Valuation; Measurement and Metrics; Stocks
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      Hillenbrand, Sebastian, and Odhrain McCarthy. "Street Earnings: Implications for Asset Pricing." Working Paper, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Article

      Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap

      By: June Huang and Shirley Lu
      We study whether voluntary gender diversity disclosure is predictive of gender diversity performance. Exploiting a mandate in the United Kingdom that requires firms to disclose 2017 gender pay gap ("GPG") data for the first time, we find that providing voluntary gender... View Details
      Keywords: Pay Gap; Diversity; Gender; Wages; Reputation; Corporate Disclosure; United Kingdom
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      Huang, June, and Shirley Lu. "Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap." Accounting, Organizations and Society 114 (June 2025).
      • June 2025
      • Article

      Ideation with Generative AI—In Consumer Research and Beyond

      By: Julian De Freitas, G. Nave and Stefano Puntoni
      The use of large language models (LLMs) in consumer research is rapidly evolving, with applications including synthetic data generation, data analysis, and more. However, their role in creative ideation—a cornerstone of consumer research—remains underexplored. Drawing... View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Model; AI and Machine Learning; Creativity; Innovation Strategy
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      De Freitas, Julian, G. Nave, and Stefano Puntoni. "Ideation with Generative AI—In Consumer Research and Beyond." Journal of Consumer Research 51, no. 1 (June 2025): 18–31.
      • June 2025
      • Article

      Riding the Passion Wave or Fighting to Stay Afloat? A Theory of Differentiated Passion Contagion

      By: Emma Frank, Kai Krautter, Wen Wu and Jon M. Jachimowicz
      Prior research suggests that employees benefit from highly passionate teammates because passion spreads easily from one employee to the next. We develop theory to propose that life in high-passion teams may not be as uniformly advantageous as previously assumed. We... View Details
      Keywords: Passion; Emotional Contagion; Emotions; Groups and Teams; Employees; Power and Influence; Performance Improvement
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      Frank, Emma, Kai Krautter, Wen Wu, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "Riding the Passion Wave or Fighting to Stay Afloat? A Theory of Differentiated Passion Contagion." Administrative Science Quarterly 70, no. 2 (June 2025): 444–495.
      • June 2025
      • Article

      Social Security and Trends in Wealth Inequality

      By: Sylvain Catherine, Max Miller and Natasha Sarin
      Recent influential work finds large increases in inequality in the U.S. based on measures of wealth concentration that notably exclude the value of social insurance programs. This paper shows that top wealth shares have not changed much over the last three decades when... View Details
      Keywords: Wealth; Equality and Inequality; Taxation; Insurance; Welfare
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      Catherine, Sylvain, Max Miller, and Natasha Sarin. "Social Security and Trends in Wealth Inequality." Journal of Finance 80, no. 3 (June 2025): 1497–1531.
      • Summer 2025
      • Article

      Time Well Spent: A New Way to Value Time Could Change Your Life

      By: Leslie Perlow and Salvatore J Affinito
      When individuals engage in fulfilling activities outside of work, they perform better on the job, but simply encouraging work-life balance doesn’t help with hour-by-hour time management. A new tool for measuring the subjective value of time for individuals as it varies... View Details
      Keywords: Well-being; Work-Life Balance; Time Management
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      Perlow, Leslie, and Salvatore J Affinito. "Time Well Spent: A New Way to Value Time Could Change Your Life." MIT Sloan Management Review 66, no. 4 (Summer 2025): 44–49.
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