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    • All HBS Web  (1,322)
      • Faculty Publications  (62)

      Task Design Remove Task Design →

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      The Role of Interdependence in the Microfoundations of Organization Design: Task, Goal, and Knowledge Interdependence
      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 2 Transactions in a Task Network
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      • March 23, 2021
      • Article

      A Multicountry Perspective on Gender Differences in Time Use During COVID-19

      By: Ashley V. Whillans, Laura M. Giurge and Ayse Yemiscigil (shared authorship)
      The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally altered how people spend time, with possible consequences for subjective well-being. Using diverse samples of remote workers from the United States, Canada, Denmark, Brazil, and Spain (n = 31,141), following a preregistered...  View Details
      Keywords: Time; Subjective Well-being; Covid-19; Health Pandemics; Gender; Time Management; Well-being; Work-Life Balance; Global Range
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      Whillans, Ashley V., Laura M. Giurge, and Ayse Yemiscigil (shared authorship). "A Multicountry Perspective on Gender Differences in Time Use During COVID-19." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 12 (March 23, 2021).
      • February 12, 2021
      • Article

      The Commercial Space Age Is Here

      By: Matt Weinzierl and Mehak Sarang
      In May of 2020, SpaceX made history as the first private company to send humans into space. This marks not only a tremendous technological achievement, but also the first indication that an entirely new “space-for-space” industry—that is, goods and services designed to...  View Details
      Keywords: Space Economy; New Markets; Emerging Markets; Opportunities; Entrepreneurship; Aerospace Industry
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      Weinzierl, Matt, and Mehak Sarang. "The Commercial Space Age Is Here." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (February 12, 2021).
      • February 2021
      • Article

      Assessment of Electronic Health Record Use Between U.S. and Non-U.S. Health Systems

      By: A Jay Holmgren, Lance Downing, David W. Bates, Tait D. Shanafelt, Arnold Milstein, Christopher Sharp, David Cutler, Robert S. Huckman and Kevin A. Schulman
      Importance: Understanding how the electronic health record (EHR) system changes clinician work, productivity, and well-being is critical. Little is known regarding global variation in patterns of use.
      Objective: To provide insights into which EHR...  View Details
      Keywords: Electronic Health Records; Health Care and Treatment; Online Technology; Health Industry; Information Technology Industry
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      Holmgren, A Jay, Lance Downing, David W. Bates, Tait D. Shanafelt, Arnold Milstein, Christopher Sharp, David Cutler, Robert S. Huckman, and Kevin A. Schulman. "Assessment of Electronic Health Record Use Between U.S. and Non-U.S. Health Systems." JAMA Internal Medicine 181, no. 2 (February 2021): 251–259.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 2 Transactions in a Task Network

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      From the 1930s through today, many economists have conceived of large technical systems for the production of goods and services as a series of transactions. This point of view has led eminent economists to assert that transactions are the fundamental unit of analysis...  View Details
      Keywords: Modularity; Technology; Organizations
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 2 Transactions in a Task Network." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-030, August 2020.
      • August 2020
      • Article

      Does Spending Money on Others Promote Happiness? A Registered Replication Report

      By: Lara B. Aknin, Elizabeth W. Dunn, Jason Proulx, Iris Lok and Michael I. Norton
      Research indicates that spending money on others—prosocial spending—leads to greater happiness than spending money on oneself (e.g., Dunn, Aknin, & Norton, 2008, 2014). These findings have received widespread attention because they offer insight into why people engage...  View Details
      Keywords: Prosocial Spending; Generosity; Well-being; Replication; Happiness; Behavior; Spending
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      Aknin, Lara B., Elizabeth W. Dunn, Jason Proulx, Iris Lok, and Michael I. Norton. "Does Spending Money on Others Promote Happiness? A Registered Replication Report." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 119, no. 2 (August 2020).
      • July 2020
      • Article

      The Role of Interdependence in the Microfoundations of Organization Design: Task, Goal, and Knowledge Interdependence

      By: Marlo Raveendran (formerly Goetting), Luciana Silvestri and Ranjay Gulati
      Interdependence is a core concept in organization design, yet one that has remained consistently understudied. Current notions of interdependence remain rooted in seminal works, produced at a time when managers’ near-perfect understanding of the task at hand drove the...  View Details
      Keywords: Interdependence; Organizational Behavior; Work Design; Organizational Design; Goals and Objectives; Knowledge Sharing
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      Raveendran (formerly Goetting), Marlo, Luciana Silvestri, and Ranjay Gulati. "The Role of Interdependence in the Microfoundations of Organization Design: Task, Goal, and Knowledge Interdependence." Academy of Management Annals 14, no. 2 (July 2020): 828–868.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Is This My Group or Not? The Role of Ensemble Coding of Emotional Expressions in Group Categorization

      By: Amit Goldenberg, Timothy D. Sweeny, Emmanuel Shpigel and James J. Gross
      When exposed to others’ emotional responses, people often make rapid decisions as to whether these others are members of their group or not. These group categorization decisions have been shown to be extremely important to understanding group behavior. Yet, despite...  View Details
      Keywords: Categorization; Ensemble Coding; Summary Statistical Perception; Social Cognition; Emotions; Perception; Groups and Teams
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      Goldenberg, Amit, Timothy D. Sweeny, Emmanuel Shpigel, and James J. Gross. "Is This My Group or Not? The Role of Ensemble Coding of Emotional Expressions in Group Categorization." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 149, no. 3 (March 2020).
      • February 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Essential Explorations at MUJI

      By: Tomomichi Amano and Das Narayandas
      Launched as a private brand in 1980 to counter the increasingly brand-conscious consumer in Japan, MUJI offered beautifully designed, fairly priced, no-frills quality goods. The once modest private label brand with 40 products had expanded significantly by 2019 to more...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Portfolio Management; Brands and Branding; Product; Management; Change Management; Mission and Purpose; Retail Industry; Japan
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      Amano, Tomomichi, and Das Narayandas. "Essential Explorations at MUJI." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-050, February 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

      By: Roberto Verganti, Luca Vendraminelli and Marco Iansiti
      Artificial Intelligence (AI) is affecting the scenario in which innovation takes place. What are the implications for our understanding of design? Is AI just another digital technology that, akin to many others, will not significantly question what we know about...  View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Design Thinking; Technological Innovation; Design; Change; Theory
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      Verganti, Roberto, Luca Vendraminelli, and Marco Iansiti. "Design in the Age of Artificial Intelligence." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-091, February 2020.
      • Article

      Designing Social Networks: Joint Tasks and the Formation of Network Ties

      By: Sharique Hasan and Rembrand Koning
      Can managers influence the formation of organizational networks? In this article, we evaluate the effect of joint tasks on the creation of network ties with data from a novel field experiment with 112 aspiring entrepreneurs. During the study, we randomized individuals...  View Details
      Keywords: Accelerators; Entrepreneur; Organizations; Networks; Design; Social and Collaborative Networks; Information Technology Industry; India
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      Hasan, Sharique, and Rembrand Koning. "Designing Social Networks: Joint Tasks and the Formation of Network Ties." Art. 4. Journal of Organization Design 9 (2020).
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to explain what the technologies of flow production with stochastic bottlenecks require and reward in organizations. I argue that organizations successfully implementing these technologies are likely to have unified governance and...  View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Organizational Design; Management Teams; Business History
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-033, September 2019.
      • August 2019 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Essential Explorations at MUJI

      By: Tomomichi Amano, Das Narayandas, Naoko Jinjo and Akiko Kanno
      Launched as a private brand in 1980 to counter the increasingly brand-conscious consumer in Japan, MUJI offered beautifully designed, fairly priced, no-frills quality goods. The once modest private label brand with 40 products had expanded significantly by 2019 to more...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Portfolio Management; Brands and Branding; Product; Management; Change Management; Mission and Purpose; Retail Industry; Japan
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      Amano, Tomomichi, Das Narayandas, Naoko Jinjo, and Akiko Kanno. "Essential Explorations at MUJI." Harvard Business School Case 520-024, August 2019. (Revised January 2020.)
      • Article

      Use of Crowd Innovation to Develop an Artificial Intelligence-Based Solution for Radiation Therapy Targeting

      By: Raymond H. Mak, Michael G. Endres, Jin Hyun Paik, Rinat A. Sergeev, Hugo Aerts, Christopher L. Williams, Karim R. Lakhani and Eva C. Guinan
      Importance: Radiation therapy (RT) is a critical cancer treatment, but the existing radiation oncologist work force does not meet growing global demand. One key physician task in RT planning involves tumor segmentation for targeting, which requires substantial...  View Details
      Keywords: Crowdsourcing; Ai Algorithms; Health Care and Treatment; Collaborative Innovation and Invention
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      Mak, Raymond H., Michael G. Endres, Jin Hyun Paik, Rinat A. Sergeev, Hugo Aerts, Christopher L. Williams, Karim R. Lakhani, and Eva C. Guinan. "Use of Crowd Innovation to Develop an Artificial Intelligence-Based Solution for Radiation Therapy Targeting." doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.0159. JAMA Oncology 5, no. 5 (May 2019): 654–661.
      • April 2019
      • Article

      Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence

      By: Andrea Blasco, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael Menietti
      Understanding why employees go the extra mile at work is a key problem for many organizations. We conduct a field experiment at a medical organization to study motivations for employees to submit project proposals for organizational improvement. In total, we analyze...  View Details
      Keywords: Field Experiment; Innovation; Contest; Incentives; Free-rider Problem; Healthcare Organizations; Employees; Motivation and Incentives; Innovation and Invention; Organizations; Performance Improvement; Perspective
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      Blasco, Andrea, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani, and Michael Menietti. "Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 160 (April 2019): 214–229.
      • January 2019 (Revised October 2019)
      • Case

      Rural Taobao: Alibaba's Expansion into Rural E-Commerce

      By: Tarun Khanna, Ryan Allen, Adam Frost and Wesley Koo
      Alibaba's Rural Taobao initiative had been launched in 2014 as a public service initiative to increase e-commerce adoption in China’s remote rural areas. In the first two iterations of the initiative, dubbed “1.0” and “2.0,” Alibaba had partnered with local businesses...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Business Growth; Ecommerce; Corporate Social Responsibility; Business And Government; Emerging Market; Market Platforms; Online Technology; Emerging Markets; Rural Scope; Growth and Development Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Government Relations; Decision Making; China
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      Khanna, Tarun, Ryan Allen, Adam Frost, and Wesley Koo. "Rural Taobao: Alibaba's Expansion into Rural E-Commerce." Harvard Business School Case 719-433, January 2019. (Revised October 2019.)
      • December 2018 (Revised March 2020)
      • Background Note

      Modern Automation (A): Artificial Intelligence

      By: William R. Kerr and James Palano
      This primer is meant to be a field guide to the late 2010s' surge in business use of "Artificial Intelligence" (AI), or enterprise software based in machine learning. First, it provides an overview of the key trends—digitization, connectivity, the continuation of...  View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Digitization; Connectivity; Computing; Future Of Work; Automation; Technology; Technology Adoption; Employment; Management; Information Technology
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      Kerr, William R., and James Palano. "Modern Automation (A): Artificial Intelligence." Harvard Business School Background Note 819-084, December 2018. (Revised March 2020.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may...  View Details
      Keywords: Complementarity
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-036, October 2018.
      • September 2018 (Revised November 2018)
      • Case

      From Beirut With Love (A)

      By: Christina R. Wing, Esel Y. Cekin and Samer Al-Rachedy
      This case describes how Robert Fadel, CEO and chairman of ABC, one of Lebanon’s leading retail and real estate groups, professionalized the family business. Robert was the second son of the company’s founder, Maurice Fadel, who had run it single-handedly. Concerned...  View Details
      Keywords: Family Conflicts; Sibling Rivalry; Second-generation; Foundation; Trust; Work-life Balance; Succession Planning; Corporate Culture; Shareholders; Board Of Directors; Retail; Department Store; Shopping Mall; Real Estate; Growth; Non-executive Chairman; Sustainability; Family Business; Conflict Management; Management Succession; Governance; Leadership; Transformation; Leading Change; Organizational Structure; Management; Growth and Development; Retail Industry; Real Estate Industry; Lebanon; Middle East
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      Wing, Christina R., Esel Y. Cekin, and Samer Al-Rachedy. "From Beirut With Love (A)." Harvard Business School Case 619-024, September 2018. (Revised November 2018.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Role of Beliefs in Driving Gender Discrimination

      By: Katherine B. Coffman, Christine L. Exley and Muriel Niederle
      While there is ample evidence of discrimination against women in the workplace, it can be difficult to understand what factors contribute to discriminatory behavior. We use an experiment to both document discrimination and unpack its sources. First, we show that, on...  View Details
      Keywords: Gender; Demographics; Attitudes; Prejudice and Bias
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      Coffman, Katherine B., Christine L. Exley, and Muriel Niederle. "The Role of Beliefs in Driving Gender Discrimination." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-054, December 2017. (Revised January 2020.)
      • August 2017 (Revised March 2020)
      • Case

      Flex Hungary: Launching Production (A)

      By: Willy Shih
      This case examines design choices in the construction of flow lines. Flow lines are a popular way of arranging production because they are simple and inherently efficient. Equipment or workstations are arranged according to the sequence of steps in which a product is...  View Details
      Keywords: Manufacturing; Line-balancing; Flow Line; Conveyor-paced Line; Consumer Goods; Consumer Products; Production Management; Production Planning; Production Scheduling; Operations; Production; Management; Supply Chain; Design; Analysis; Goods and Commodities; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; European Union
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      Shih, Willy. "Flex Hungary: Launching Production (A)." Harvard Business School Case 618-002, August 2017. (Revised March 2020.)
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      The Role of Interdependence in the Microfoundations of Organization Design: Task, Goal, and Knowledge Interdependence
      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 2 Transactions in a Task Network
      → Search All HBS Web
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