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  • Article

Value of New Performance Information in Healthcare: Evidence from Japan
By: Susanna Gallani, Takehisa Kajiwara and Ranjani Krishnan
Mandatory measurement and disclosure of outcome measures are commonly used policy tools in healthcare. The effectiveness of such disclosures relies on the extent to which the new information produced by the mandatory system is internalized by the healthcare...  View Details
Keywords: Value Of Information; Feedback; Patient Satisfaction; Healthcare; Health Care And Treatment; Satisfaction; Information; Measurement And Metrics; Performance Improvement
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Ecosystems and Complementarities
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
The purpose of this chapter is to introduce two new building blocks to the theory of how technology shapes organizations. The first is a new layer of organization structure: a business “ecosystem.” The second is the economic concept of “complementarity.” Ecosystems are...  View Details
Keywords: Business Ecosystems; Complementarity; Modularity; Technology; Organizations
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  • June 2020
  • Article

Parallel Play: Startups, Nascent Markets, and the Effective Design of a Business Model
By: Rory McDonald and Kathleen Eisenhardt
Prior research advances several explanations for entrepreneurial success in nascent markets but leaves a key imperative unexplored: the business model. By studying five ventures in the same nascent market, we develop a novel theoretical framework for understanding how...  View Details
Keywords: Search; Legitimacy; Organizational Innovation; Organizational Learning; Mechanisms And Processes; Institutional Entrepreneurship; Qualitative Methods; Business Model Design; Business Model; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Adaptation; Competition; Strategy
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  • March 2020
  • Article

Explaining the Persistence of Gender Inequality: The Work-family Narrative as a Social Defense Against 24/7 Work Culture
By: Irene Padavic, Robin J. Ely and Erin M. Reid
It is widely accepted that the conflict between women’s family obligations and professional jobs’ long hours lies at the heart of their stalled advancement. Yet research suggests that this “work-family narrative” is incomplete: men also experience it and nevertheless...  View Details
Keywords: 24/7 Work Culture; Hegemonic Narrative; Social Defense; Work-family Conflict; Systems-psychodynamic Theory; Work-life Balance; Personal Development And Career; Gender; Equality And Inequality; Organizational Culture
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties
By: Wei Cai, Susanna Gallani and Jee Eun Shin
We examine the incentive effects of subjective adjustments in the allocation of tournament-based financial rewards and penalties based on performance rankings. We use data from a company where the reward and penalty allocations are based on a combination of objective...  View Details
Keywords: Compensation Interdependence; Nominal And Opportunity Effects; Managerial Discretion; Performance Measurement; Subjectivity; Rewards; Expectancy Theory; Employees; Compensation And Benefits; Management; Decisions; Performance; Measurement And Metrics
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  • December 2019
  • Case

Steemit: A New Social Media?
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Alexander White and Karen Elterman
This case discusses the alternative social media site Steemit, including the principles it was founded on in 2016 and the challenges it faced in 2019. Steemit was a blockchain-based platform that aimed to differentiate itself from other social media companies by...  View Details
Keywords: Social Media; Decision Making; Decisions; Voting; Economic systems; Money; Fairness; Values And Beliefs; Goals And Objectives; Market Platforms; Product Design; Design; Problems And Challenges; Network Effects; Motivation And Incentives; Social And Collaborative Networks; Reputation; Business Strategy; Competition; Online Technology; Entertainment And Recreation Industry; United States; Virginia; New York (city, Ny)
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  • 2019
  • Working Paper

Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 17 The Wintel Standards-based Platform
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
The purpose of this chapter is to use the theory of bottlenecks laid out in previous chapters to better understand the dynamics of an open standards-based platform. I describe how the Wintel platform evolved from 1990 through 2000 under joint sponsorship of Intel and...  View Details
Keywords: Open Platforms; Bottlenecks; Wintel Platform; Disintermediation; Hardware; Software; Business History; Computer Industry
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  • June–July 2019
  • Article

A Methodology for Operationalizing Enterprise IT Architecture and Evaluating its Modifiability
By: Robert Lagerström, Alan MacCormack, David Dreyfus and Carliss Y. Baldwin
Recent contributions to information systems theory suggest that the primary role of a firm’s information technology (IT) architecture is to facilitate, and therefore ensure the continued alignment of a firm’s IT investments with a constantly changing business...  View Details
Keywords: Enterprise Architecture; Modularity; Information Systems; Modifiability; Design Structure Matrix
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  • 2019
  • Working Paper

Rehabilitating Corporate Purpose
By: Malcolm S. Salter
In this paper, I address how the ascendance of the theory of shareholder value maximization into the central consciousness of public corporations and its canonization as the only legitimate expression of corporate purpose has contributed to both a widening breach...  View Details
Keywords: Capitalism; Justice; Corporate Purpose; Shareholder Value Maximization; Ethical Reciprocity; Economic systems; Business Ventures; Mission And Purpose; Ethics; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda
By: Frank Nagle, Robert Seamans and Steve Tadelis
Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) theory has played an important role in understanding when it is more efficient for a transaction between two parties to occur within the market or within an organization. However, as more transactions occur in a digitally-mediated...  View Details
Keywords: Transaction Cost Economics; Digital Economy; Digital Transformation; Economics; Cost; Markets; Research
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  • 2019
  • Working Paper

Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 15 The IBM PC
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
The IBM PC was the first digital computer platform that was open by as a matter of strategy, not necessity. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the IBM PC as a technical system and set of organization choices in light of the theory of how technology shapes...  View Details
Keywords: Ibm; Personal Computer; Technology Platform; system; Strategy
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  • 2019
  • Chapter

Teams and Team Effectiveness in Health Services Organizations
By: Bruce J. Fried and Amy C. Edmondson
Book Abstract: Completely updated to address the challenges faced by modern health care organizations, this edition of Shortell and Kaluzny's Health Care Management: Organization Design and Behavior offers a more global perspective on how the United States and...  View Details
Keywords: Groups And Teams; Performance Effectiveness; Health; Health Industry
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  • 2018
  • Book

A Crisis of Beliefs: Investor Psychology and Financial Fragility
By: Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer
The collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008 caught markets and regulators by surprise. Although the government rushed to rescue other financial institutions from a similar fate after Lehman, it could not prevent the deepest recession in postwar history. A...  View Details
Keywords: Financial Fragility; Economic Risk; Investor Behavior; Behavioral Economics; Financial Crisis; Risk And Uncertainty; Financial Markets; Investment; Values And Beliefs; United States
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  • 2018
  • Chapter

Creativity and the Labor of Love
By: Teresa M. Amabile
BOOK ABSTRACT: This book provides an overview of the approaches of leading scholars to understanding the nature of creativity, its measurement, its investigation, its development, and its importance to society. The authors are the 24 psychological scientists who are...  View Details
Keywords: Creativity
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  • Article

An Invitation to Market Design
By: Scott Duke Kominers, Alexander Teytelboym and Vincent P. Crawford
Market design seeks to translate economic theory and analysis into practical solutions to real-world problems. By redesigning both the rules that guide market transactions and the infrastructure that enables those transactions to take place, market designers can...  View Details
Keywords: Matching; Auctions; Trading; Scrip; Liquidity; Efficiency; Equity; Allocation Rules; Marketplaces; Market Design; Market Design; Marketplace Matching; Auctions
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  • 2017
  • Other Article

Designing an Agile Software Portfolio Architecture: The Impact of Coupling on Performance
By: Alan MacCormack and Robert Lagerstrom
The modern industrial corporation encompasses a myriad of different software applications, each of which must work in concert to deliver functionality to end-users. However, the increasingly complex and dynamic nature of competition in today’s product-markets dictates...  View Details
Keywords: Software; Design; Organizational Change And Adaptation; Performance Effectiveness
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  • 2017
  • Working Paper

Digital Agility: The Impact of Software Portfolio Architecture on IT System Evolution
By: Alan MacCormack, Robert Lagerström, Martin Mocker and Carliss Y. Baldwin
The modern industrial firm increasingly relies on software to support its competitive position. However, the uncertain and dynamic nature of today’s global marketplace dictates that this software be continually evolved and adapted to meet new business challenges. This...  View Details
Keywords: Information Systems; Software; Architecture; Modularity; Agility; Coupling; Software; Design; Decisions; Performance
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  • Article

Statistical Physics of Human Cooperation
By: Matjaž Perc, Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand, Zhen Wang, Stefano Boccaletti and Attila Szolnoki
Extensive cooperation among unrelated individuals is unique to humans, who often sacrifice personal benefits for the common good and work together to achieve what they are unable to execute alone. The evolutionary success of our species is indeed due, to a large...  View Details
Keywords: Human Cooperation; Evolutionary Game Theory; Public Goods; Reward; Punishment; Tolerance; Self-organization; Pattern Formation; Cooperation; Behavior; Game theory
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  • 2016
  • Working Paper

Explaining the Persistence of Gender Inequality: The Work-Family Narrative as a Social Defense Against the 24/7 Work Culture
By: Irene Padavic, Robin J. Ely and Erin M. Reid
It is widely accepted that the conflict women experience between family obligations and professional jobs’ long hours lies at the heart of their stalled advancement. Yet research suggests that this “work-family narrative” is partial at best: men, too, experience...  View Details
Keywords: 24/7 Work Culture; Hegemonic Narrative; Social Defense; Work-family Conflict; Systems Psychodynamic Theory; Work-life Balance; Personal Development And Career; Gender; Equality And Inequality; Organizational Culture
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  • October 2015
  • Article

The Multinational Firm and Geopolitics: Europe, Russian Energy, and Power
By: Rawi Abdelal
Multinational firms unavoidably exert influence over politics through power that is generated by both structure and process. While both political economy and management scholars address international firms, neither field has an adequate understanding of the reciprocal...  View Details
Keywords: Multinational Firms And Management; Government And Politics; Economics
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