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    • Faculty Publications  (47)

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    • All HBS Web  (1,527)
      • Faculty Publications  (47)

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      Atlanta Schools: Measures to Improve Performance
      The Impact of Penalties for Wrong Answers on the Gender Gap in Test Scores
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      • December 2020
      • Article

      Consumer Reactance to Promotional Favors

      By: Marco Bertini and Aylin Aydinli
      Promotional favors are an increasingly popular but seldom researched form of price promotion where the receipt of the saving by consumers depends on an action on their part that is nonmonetary in nature, such as completing a questionnaire, posting a review, or making a...  View Details
      Keywords: Promotional Favors; Conditional Discounts; Psychological Reactance; Price Promotions; Pricing; Marketing; Price; Consumer Behavior
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      Bertini, Marco, and Aylin Aydinli. "Consumer Reactance to Promotional Favors." Journal of Retailing 96, no. 4 (December 2020): 578–589.
      • Article

      Assessing the Food and Drug Administration's Risk-Based Framework for Software Precertification with Top Health Apps in the United States: Quality Improvement Study

      By: Noy Alon, Ariel Dora Stern and John Torous
      BACKGROUND: As the development of mobile health apps continues to accelerate, the need to implement a framework that can standardize categorizing these apps to allow for efficient, yet robust regulation grows. However, regulators and researchers are faced with numerous...  View Details
      Keywords: Mobile Health; Smartphone; Food And Drug Administration; Risk-based Framework; Health Care And Treatment; Mobile Technology; Software
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      Alon, Noy, Ariel Dora Stern, and John Torous. "Assessing the Food and Drug Administration's Risk-Based Framework for Software Precertification with Top Health Apps in the United States: Quality Improvement Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 10 (October 2020).
      • Article

      What We Can Learn from Five Naturalistic Field Experiments That Failed to Shift Commuter Behaviour

      By: A.S. Kristal and A.V. Whillans
      Across five field experiments with employees of a large organization (n = 68,915), we examined whether standard behavioural interventions (“nudges”) successfully reduced single-occupancy vehicle commutes. In Studies 1 and 2, we sent letters and emails with nudges...  View Details
      Keywords: Commuting; Field Experiments; Nudges; Behavior; Change
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      Kristal, A.S., and A.V. Whillans. "What We Can Learn from Five Naturalistic Field Experiments That Failed to Shift Commuter Behaviour." Nature Human Behaviour 4, no. 2 (February 2020): 169–176.
      • February 2019 (Revised September 2019)
      • Case

      Theranos: The Unicorn That Wasn't

      By: Joseph B. Fuller and John Masko
      In 2003, 19-year-old Elizabeth Holmes founded a startup dedicated to making blood testing easier and more affordable. By 2015, her company, Theranos, was worth $9 billion. It boasted a star-studded board and contracts with national pharmacy and supermarket chains...  View Details
      Keywords: Theranos; Blood; Lab Testing; Fraud; Holmes; Balwani; Shultz; Carreyrou; Securities And Exchange Commission; Food And Drug Administration; Fda; Sec; Health testing And Trials; Corporate Accountability; Organizational Culture; Misleading And Fraudulent Advertising; Crime And Corruption; Entrepreneurship; Medical Devices And Supplies Industry
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      Fuller, Joseph B., and John Masko. "Theranos: The Unicorn That Wasn't." Harvard Business School Case 319-068, February 2019. (Revised September 2019.)
      • Article

      The Hidden Costs of Initial Coin Offerings

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Ramana Nanda
      In recent years, much has been written about how the Blockchain is poised to transform traditional industries such as banking, real estate, and healthcare. More recently, it has gained attention as a way to finance new ventures, through what is known as an Initial Coin...  View Details
      Keywords: Initial Coin Offerings; Business Ventures; Entrepreneurship; Finance
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Ramana Nanda. "The Hidden Costs of Initial Coin Offerings." Harvard Business Review (website) (November 7, 2018).
      • Article

      Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects

      By: Juan Alcácer, Wilbur Chung, Ashton Hawk and Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida
      Strategy aims at understanding the differential effects of firms’ actions on performance. However, standard regression models estimate only the average effects of these actions across firms. Our paper discusses how random coefficient models (RCMs) may generate new...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Research; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Performance
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      Alcácer, Juan, Wilbur Chung, Ashton Hawk, and Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida. "Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects." Strategy Science 3, no. 3 (September 2018): 481–553.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Detecting Anomalies: The Relevance and Power of Standard Asset Pricing Tests

      By: Malcolm Baker, Patrick Luo and Ryan Taliaferro
      The two standard approaches for identifying capital market anomalies are cross-sectional coefficient tests, in the spirit of Fama and MacBeth (1973), and time-series intercept tests, in the spirit of Jensen (1968). A new signal can pass the first test, which we label a...  View Details
      Keywords: Investment Management; Asset Pricing; Anomalies; Portfolio Construction; Transaction Costs; Investment; Management; Asset Pricing; Market Transactions; Cost
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      Baker, Malcolm, Patrick Luo, and Ryan Taliaferro. "Detecting Anomalies: The Relevance and Power of Standard Asset Pricing Tests." Working Paper, July 2018.
      • February 2018
      • Article

      Retention Futility: Targeting High-Risk Customers Might Be Ineffective.

      By: Eva Ascarza
      Companies in a variety of sectors are increasingly managing customer churn proactively, generally by detecting customers at the highest risk of churning and targeting retention efforts towards them. While there is a vast literature on developing churn prediction models...  View Details
      Keywords: Retention/churn; Proactive Churn Management; Field Experiments; Heterogeneous Treatment Effect; Machine Learning; Customer Relationship Management; Risk Management
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      Ascarza, Eva. "Retention Futility: Targeting High-Risk Customers Might Be Ineffective." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 55, no. 1 (February 2018): 80–98.
      • October 2017
      • Article

      The Size of the LGBT Population and the Magnitude of Anti-Gay Sentiment Are Substantially Underestimated

      By: Katherine Baldiga Coffman, Lucas C. Coffman and Keith M. Marzilli Ericson
      We demonstrate that widely used measures of anti-gay sentiment and the size of the LGBT population are misestimated, likely substantially. In a series of online experiments using a large and diverse but non-representative sample, we compare estimates from the standard...  View Details
      Keywords: Lgbtq; Demographics; Social Trends & Culture; Economic Theory; Prejudice; Prejudice And Bias; Diversity; Economics; Demographics
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      Coffman, Katherine Baldiga, Lucas C. Coffman, and Keith M. Marzilli Ericson. "The Size of the LGBT Population and the Magnitude of Anti-Gay Sentiment Are Substantially Underestimated." Management Science 63, no. 10 (October 2017): 3168–3186.
      • September 2017 (Revised January 2018)
      • Case

      Adaptive Platform Trials: The Clinical Trial of the Future?

      By: Ariel D. Stern and Sarah Mehta
      In July 2017, Dr. Brian M. Alexander, president and CEO of the AGILE Research Foundation, was preparing to launch a new type of clinical trial—an adaptive platform trial—to study potential therapies for glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive form of brain cancer....  View Details
      Keywords: Clinical Trials; Cancer; Adaptive Platform Trials; Platform Trials; Adaptive Trials; Glioblastoma; Health; Health Care And Treatment; Health testing And Trials; Business Strategy; Innovation Strategy; Health Industry; United States
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      Stern, Ariel D., and Sarah Mehta. "Adaptive Platform Trials: The Clinical Trial of the Future?" Harvard Business School Case 618-025, September 2017. (Revised January 2018.)
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Nowcasting the Local Economy: Using Yelp Data to Measure Economic Activity

      By: Edward L. Glaeser, Hyunjin Kim and Michael Luca
      Can new data sources from online platforms help to measure local economic activity? Government datasets from agencies such as the U.S. Census Bureau provide the standard measures of economic activity at the local level. However, these statistics typically appear only...  View Details
      Keywords: Economy; Data And Data Sets; Local Range; Social And Collaborative Networks
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      Glaeser, Edward L., Hyunjin Kim, and Michael Luca. "Nowcasting the Local Economy: Using Yelp Data to Measure Economic Activity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-022, September 2017. (Revised October 2017.)
      • 2017
      • Case

      Uncommon Schools (A): A Network of Networks

      By: John J-H Kim and Sarah McAra
      In 2013, Brett Peiser, CEO of the charter school management organization (CMO) Uncommon Schools, is reassessing the nonprofit’s strategy. For nearly 10 years, Uncommon had fulfilled its mission to bring high-quality education to students in low-income, urban areas...  View Details
      Keywords: Education; Charter Schools; Nonprofit Organizations; Strategy; Early Childhood Education; Middle School Education; Teaching; Talent Management; Innovation; Organization Structure; Education; Early Childhood Education; Middle School Education; Organizational Structure; Performance Consistency; Strategy; Collaborative Innovation And Invention; Education Industry
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      Kim, John J-H, and Sarah McAra. "Uncommon Schools (A): A Network of Networks." Harvard Business Publishing Case, 2017. (Case No. PEL-079.)
      • 2017
      • Supplement

      Uncommon Schools (B): Seeking Excellence at Scale through Standardized Practice

      By: John J-H Kim and Sarah McAra
      The (B) case provides an update to the (A) case by illustrating how charter school management organization Uncommon Schools responded to the disparity in its students’ 2013 standardized test results. In 2015, CEO Brett Peiser and his management team decided to align...  View Details
      Keywords: Education; Charter Schools; Nonprofit Organizations; Strategy; Early Childhood Education; Middle School Education; Teaching; Talent And Talent Management; Innovation; Organizational Structure; Education; Early Childhood Education; Middle School Education; Organizational Structure; Performance Consistency; Growth And Development Strategy; Innovation And Invention; Education Industry
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      Kim, John J-H, and Sarah McAra. "Uncommon Schools (B): Seeking Excellence at Scale through Standardized Practice." Harvard Business Publishing Supplement, 2017. (Case No. PEL-080.)
      • December 2016
      • Article

      The Effects of Endowment Size and Strategy Method on Third Party Punishment

      By: Jillian J. Jordan, Katherine McAuliffe and David G. Rand
      Numerous experiments have shown that people often engage in third-party punishment (3PP) of selfish behavior. This evidence has been used to argue that people respond to selfishness with anger, and get utility from punishing those who mistreat others. Elements of the...  View Details
      Keywords: Third-party Punishment; Norm-enforcement; Strategy Method; Economic Games; Cooperation; Emotions; Fairness
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      Jordan, Jillian J., Katherine McAuliffe, and David G. Rand. "The Effects of Endowment Size and Strategy Method on Third Party Punishment." Experimental Economics 19, no. 4 (December 2016): 741–763.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Experimental Evidence on Policies Aimed at Closing the Gender Gap in Willingness to Guess on Multiple-Choice Tests

      By: Katherine Baldiga Coffman
      Research has shown that women skip more questions than men on multiple-choice tests with penalties for wrong answers. We propose and test five policy changes aimed at eliminating this source of gender bias in test scores. Our data show that simply removing the penalty...  View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Behavior; Decision Choices And Conditions; Gender
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      Coffman, Katherine Baldiga. "Experimental Evidence on Policies Aimed at Closing the Gender Gap in Willingness to Guess on Multiple-Choice Tests." Working Paper, August 2016.
      • March 8, 2016
      • Article

      Cognitive Fatigue Influences Students' Performance on Standardized Tests

      By: Hans Henrik Sievertsen, F. Gino and Marco Piovesan
      Using test data for all children attending Danish public schools between school years 2009–2010 and 2012–2013, we examine how the time of the test affects performance. Test time is determined by the weekly class schedule and computer availability at the school. We find...  View Details
      Keywords: Time Management; Education; Performance Evaluation; Education Industry; Denmark
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      Sievertsen, Hans Henrik, F. Gino, and Marco Piovesan. "Cognitive Fatigue Influences Students' Performance on Standardized Tests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 10 (March 8, 2016).
      • Article

      Search-Based Peer Firms: Aggregating Investor Perceptions Through Internet Co-Searches

      By: Charles M.C. Lee, Paul Ma and Charles C.Y. Wang
      Applying a "co-search" algorithm to Internet traffic at the SEC's EDGAR website, we develop a novel method for identifying economically-related peer firms and for measuring their relative importance. Our results show that firms appearing in chronologically adjacent...  View Details
      Keywords: Peer Firm; Edgar Search Traffic; Revealed Preference; Co-search; Industry Classification; Perception; Search Technology; Investment
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      Lee, Charles M.C., Paul Ma, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Search-Based Peer Firms: Aggregating Investor Perceptions Through Internet Co-Searches." Journal of Financial Economics 116, no. 2 (May 2015): 410–431.
      • December 2013 (Revised September 2017)
      • Case

      Atlanta Schools: Measures to Improve Performance

      By: Robert Simons and Natalie Kindred
      The widespread cheating scandal that rocked the Atlanta public school system in 2010 and 2011 illustrates how high-stakes performance pressure, without sufficient risk controls, can drive dangerous behavior. After becoming superintendent of the low-income and...  View Details
      Keywords: Atlanta; Education; test; testing; Standardized Test; Standardized Testing; No Child Left Behind; Nclb; Cheating; Performance Pressure; Measurement; Incentives; Atlanta Public Schools; Leadership; Ethics; Management; Leadership; Ethics; Performance; Performance Evaluation; Performance Expectations; Risk Management; Education; Education Industry; United States; Georgia (state, Us); Atlanta
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      Simons, Robert, and Natalie Kindred. "Atlanta Schools: Measures to Improve Performance." Harvard Business School Case 114-001, December 2013. (Revised September 2017.)
      • September–October 2013
      • Article

      The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring

      By: Lamar Pierce and Michael W. Toffel
      Governments and other organizations often outsource activities to achieve cost savings from market competition. Yet such benefits are often accompanied by poor quality resulting from moral hazard, which can be particularly onerous when outsourcing the monitoring and...  View Details
      Keywords: Crime And Corruption; Decision Choices And Conditions; Corporate Accountability; Governance Compliance; Policy; Management Practices And Processes; Demand And Consumers; Market Design; Market Entry And Exit; Market Transactions; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Business Processes; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Expectations; Practice; Transportation; Transportation Industry; Service Industry; United States; New York (state, Us)
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      Pierce, Lamar, and Michael W. Toffel. "The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring." Organization Science 24, no. 5 (September–October 2013): 1558–1584. (Winner of the NBS Research Impact on Practice Award from the Academy of Management (AOM) and Network for Business Sustainability (NBS))
      • July 2013 (Revised July 2013)
      • Case

      Powerchip Semiconductor Corporation

      By: Willy Shih and Chen-Fu Chien
      Powerchip Semiconductor Corporation has a horizontal firm structure in an industry that is predominantly organized vertically. While it has been successful in up markets, in the current down market its strategic rationale was being tested. As a capital-intensive...  View Details
      Keywords: Industry Structures; Organizational Structure; Partners And Partnerships; Competition; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Semiconductor Industry; Taiwan
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      Shih, Willy, and Chen-Fu Chien. "Powerchip Semiconductor Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 609-063, July 2013. (Revised July 2013.)
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