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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (1,182)
- July 1995 (Revised September 1995)
- Background Note
Technology for Teams
By: Lynda M. Applegate and Geoffrey Bock
The importance of groups in organizations has long been recognized but, until recently, groups were always "tacked onto" organizations that were designed around individuals. It was not just the logic of classical organizational theory that perpetuated this focus on the...
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Applegate, Lynda M., and Geoffrey Bock. "Technology for Teams." Harvard Business School Background Note 196-008, July 1995. (Revised September 1995.)
- April 1995 (Revised September 1997)
- Case
Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition, 1987-1992 (Abridged)
A new CEO must take action to return the company to profitability, to clarify the vision, and then to build the infrastructure (human, capital, and information) needed to support the long-term change in strategy and organization. The case provides a rich description of...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Change Management;
Leading Change;
Information Technology;
Adaptation;
Technology Adoption;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry
Applegate, Lynda M. "Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition, 1987-1992 (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 195-238, April 1995. (Revised September 1997.)
- March 1995 (Revised July 1995)
- Case
Apple Computer (B)(Abridged) : Building a Worldwide Strategy
By: Michael Beer and Gregory C. Rogers
Describes the building of Apple's new strategy. Explores how the human resource function at Apple Computer can best support that strategy.
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Beer, Michael, and Gregory C. Rogers. "Apple Computer (B)(Abridged) : Building a Worldwide Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 495-045, March 1995. (Revised July 1995.)
- Article
The Power in Demography: Women's Social Constructions of Gender Identity at Work
By: R. J. Ely
This study examined how women's proportional representation in the upper echelons of organizations affects professional women's social constructions of gender difference and gender identity at work. Qualitative and quantitative data were used. Results suggest that sex...
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Ely, R. J. "The Power in Demography: Women's Social Constructions of Gender Identity at Work." Academy of Management Journal 38, no. 3 (June 1995): 589–634. (Winner, Academy of Management Journal Impact Award, 2021.)
- December 1994 (Revised May 1999)
- Case
3M Optical Systems: Managing Corporate Entrepreneurship
By: Christopher A. Bartlett and Afroze A Mohammed
A middle-level division manager must decide whether he should support an investment request for a third attempt at launching a new product developed by a struggling business unit. Describes the long, difficult process by which the unit has developed the product--a...
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Keywords:
Managerial Roles;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Launch;
Problems and Challenges;
Product Development;
Consumer Products Industry
Bartlett, Christopher A., and Afroze A Mohammed. "3M Optical Systems: Managing Corporate Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Case 395-017, December 1994. (Revised May 1999.)
- September 1994 (Revised October 2002)
- Case
Citibank: Launching the Credit Card in Asia Pacific (A)
Consumer Bank pondered the possibilities of launching a credit card in the Asia Pacific region. The bank's New York headquarters, and several of its country managers in the region, were not enthusiastic. But others were supportive because of the opportunity to expand...
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Keywords:
Product Launch;
Service Operations;
Value Creation;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Trade;
Business Strategy;
Expansion;
Laws and Statutes;
Banking Industry;
Asia;
New York (city, NY)
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Citibank: Launching the Credit Card in Asia Pacific (A)." Harvard Business School Case 595-026, September 1994. (Revised October 2002.)
- September 1994
- Case
American Airlines: Object Oriented Flight Dispatching Systems
By: F. Warren McFarlan and Espen Andersen
American Airlines Describes has organized and developed their Systems Operation Control (SOC) center in Dallas, from which the day-to-day running of the airline takes place. This case details the decision support system used by the flight dispatchers, and the...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Product Development;
Programs;
Complexity;
Technology Adoption;
Air Transportation;
Air Transportation Industry;
United States
McFarlan, F. Warren, and Espen Andersen. "American Airlines: Object Oriented Flight Dispatching Systems." Harvard Business School Case 195-046, September 1994.
- May 1994 (Revised October 1994)
- Case
Motorola: Institutionalizing Corporate Initiatives
By: Shoshana Zuboff and Janis Lee Gogan
Motorola became a recognized quality leader in large part by becoming a leader in employee education and by encouraging "participative management." Through the Motorola Training and Education Center, later Motorola University, the company invested substantial resources...
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Keywords:
Experience and Expertise;
Customer Satisfaction;
Training;
Human Resources;
Leadership;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
Corporate Strategy;
Education Industry
Zuboff, Shoshana, and Janis Lee Gogan. "Motorola: Institutionalizing Corporate Initiatives." Harvard Business School Case 494-139, May 1994. (Revised October 1994.)
- April 1994 (Revised October 2002)
- Case
Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (1987-1989)
Describes the actions taken by the new CEO to return the company to profitability, to clarify the vision, and then to build the infrastructure (human, capital, and information) needed to support the long-term change in strategy and organization. Ends with senior...
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Keywords:
Transition;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Information Technology;
Management Teams;
Business Strategy;
Food and Beverage Industry
Applegate, Lynda M. "Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (1987-1989)." Harvard Business School Case 194-108, April 1994. (Revised October 2002.)
- 1994
- Article
The Delicate Balance in Managing for Creativity
By: T. M. Amabile
Organizational stimulants and obstacles to creativity are summarized. The management tasks of supporting creativity and encouraging innovation are described as a delicate balance between over-control and chaos. A technology used to assess the climate for creativity is...
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Amabile, T. M. "The Delicate Balance in Managing for Creativity." R&D Innovator 3 (1994): 1–9.
- November 1993 (Revised April 2007)
- Case
Continental Airlines--1992 (Abridged)
By: Stuart C. Gilson
The CEO is preparing a recommendation to the board regarding several potential outside investments in the company, which is currently operating in bankruptcy. In making his decision, the CEO has to consider various financial and strategic factors, including possible...
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Keywords:
Capital Structure;
Cash Flow;
Cost of Capital;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Investment;
Taxation;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Valuation;
Aerospace Industry;
United States
Gilson, Stuart C. "Continental Airlines--1992 (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 294-058, November 1993. (Revised April 2007.)
- July 1993 (Revised September 1994)
- Case
Goodyear: The Aquatred Launch
By: John A. Quelch
After many years of R&D, Goodyear has developed the Aquatred, an innovative new tire. However, the tire industry has matured and evolved, raising questions concerning the Aquatred's ability to gain support from Goodyear's independent tire dealers. Students must use...
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Keywords:
Change Management;
Consumer Behavior;
Distribution Channels;
Brands and Branding;
Innovation and Invention;
Auto Industry;
Rubber Industry;
United States
Quelch, John A. "Goodyear: The Aquatred Launch." Harvard Business School Case 594-106, July 1993. (Revised September 1994.)
- June 1993
- Case
Laura Ashley (A): Creating a World Class Service Organization in Support of a Global Brand & Federal Express
By: Shoshana Zuboff
Keywords:
Service Operations;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Performance Effectiveness;
Apparel and Accessories Industry
Zuboff, Shoshana. "Laura Ashley (A): Creating a World Class Service Organization in Support of a Global Brand & Federal Express." Harvard Business School Case 493-018, June 1993.
- April 1993 (Revised July 1994)
- Case
MathSoft, Inc. (A)
MathSoft's VP of sales has doubled the size of the company's direct field sales force to support the launch of a new, high-end workstation software product priced at almost $9,000. However, sales of the new product are far below plan. At the same time, the VP of...
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Keywords:
Information Technology;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Applications and Software;
Communication Strategy;
Salesforce Management;
Marketing Channels;
Advertising;
Product Launch;
Information Technology Industry;
Industrial Products Industry;
United States
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "MathSoft, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 593-094, April 1993. (Revised July 1994.)
- April 1993 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Northern Telecom (B): The Norstar Launch
By: Robert J. Dolan
Northern Telecom has spent $50 million to develop a new family of telephone systems for small businesses. The investment proposal was justified on the basis of appreciable market share impact. Now, the project team must develop the appropriate supporting marketing...
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Keywords:
Communication Technology;
Investment;
Product Launch;
Product Development;
Telecommunications Industry;
Canada;
United States
Dolan, Robert J. "Northern Telecom (B): The Norstar Launch." Harvard Business School Case 593-104, April 1993. (Revised June 1993.)
- November 1992 (Revised June 1994)
- Case
Packaged Products Company: Handy-Pak Introduction
By: Frank V. Cespedes and Laura Goode
The product manager and the market research director for a new line of snacking nuts are reviewing options concerning the upcoming roll-out of the product. These options include changes in pricing, promotional plans, and salesforce incentives intended to build support...
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Keywords:
Price;
Marketing;
Marketing Channels;
Product Launch;
Distribution;
Planning;
Research and Development;
Sales;
Salesforce Management;
Alignment;
Consumer Products Industry;
Service Industry
Cespedes, Frank V., and Laura Goode. "Packaged Products Company: Handy-Pak Introduction." Harvard Business School Case 593-057, November 1992. (Revised June 1994.)
- October 1992 (Revised September 1996)
- Case
McDonald's Corporation
By: David M. Upton and Joshua D. Margolis
McDonald's has over many years built an operating strategy based on consistency and quality through a limited product range. Competitive forces have drawn the company into a much wider variety of foods and services in order to maintain growth. Now, new competitors...
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Keywords:
Corporate Strategy;
Diversification;
Problems and Challenges;
Environmental Sustainability;
Quality;
Competitive Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Operations;
Integration;
Food and Beverage Industry;
United States
Upton, David M., and Joshua D. Margolis. "McDonald's Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 693-028, October 1992. (Revised September 1996.)
- July 1992 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.: IT Support of Corn Research and Development
By: Richard L. Nolan, Donna B. Stoddard and Sorin A. Bodea
Keywords:
Plant-Based Agribusiness;
Research and Development;
Information Technology;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
Nolan, Richard L., Donna B. Stoddard, and Sorin A. Bodea. "Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.: IT Support of Corn Research and Development." Harvard Business School Case 193-010, July 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
- October 1991 (Revised September 1998)
- Case
Maxwell Appliance Controls
By: Robert S. Kaplan
A profitable manufacturing division of a large company is looking for new ways to identify sources of productivity improvements. Led by its senior finance officer, an activity-based cost system is developed to identify activities performed for its highly varied product...
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Keywords:
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Management Teams;
Quality;
Performance Improvement;
Organizational Culture;
Problems and Challenges;
Production;
Manufacturing Industry
Kaplan, Robert S. "Maxwell Appliance Controls." Harvard Business School Case 192-058, October 1991. (Revised September 1998.)