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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (365)
- November 1997
- Case
National Pork Producers Council
By: Ray A. Goldberg and Tom Clay
Al Tank, CEO of the National Pork Products Council, is facing an environmental and structural crisis in the U.S. pork industry. Can he resolve the environmental and image problems of his industry in time? Can he receive the support of both his growers and the...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Situation or Environment;
Crisis Management;
Environmental Sustainability;
Business and Community Relations;
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Industry Structures;
Reputation;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
United States
Goldberg, Ray A., and Tom Clay. "National Pork Producers Council." Harvard Business School Case 598-053, November 1997.
- Article
Entrepreneurial Creativity Through Motivational Synergy
By: T. M. Amabile
This paper defines and describes entrepreneurial creativity, which is the generation and implementation of novel, appropriate ideas to establish a new venture. Entrepreneurial creativity can be exhibited in established organizations as well as in start-up firms. The...
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Keywords:
Creativity;
Motivation and Incentives;
Organizational Culture;
Entrepreneurship;
Innovation and Invention
Amabile, T. M. "Entrepreneurial Creativity Through Motivational Synergy." Journal of Creative Behavior 31, no. 1 (March 1997): 18–26.
- November 1996
- Case
Del Webb Corporation (A), The
By: Jay W. Lorsch and Samanta Graff
Begins with a company history, tracing the tenures of founder Del E. Webb and his successor as chairman and CEO, Robert H. Johnson. Johnson inherited a diversified company that was involved in construction, real estate development (including the famous Sun City), and...
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Keywords:
Management Style;
Conflict Management;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Management Succession;
Crisis Management
Lorsch, Jay W., and Samanta Graff. "Del Webb Corporation (A), The." Harvard Business School Case 497-016, November 1996.
- February 1996
- Background Note
Managing for Creativity
Organizational stimulants and obstacles to creativity are summarized. The management tasks of supporting creativity and encouraging innovation are described as a delicate balance between over-control and chaos. A technology used to assess the climate for creativity is...
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Keywords:
Innovation and Invention;
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Culture;
Creativity;
Motivation and Incentives;
Technology
Amabile, Teresa M. "Managing for Creativity." Harvard Business School Background Note 396-271, February 1996.
- January 1996
- Background Note
The Motivation for Creativity in Organizations
People will be most creative when they feel motivated primarily by the interest, enjoyment, satisfaction, and challenge of the work itself--when they are driven by a deep involvement in their work and a passion for it. This note describes the ways in which creativity...
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Keywords:
Compensation and Benefits;
Managerial Roles;
Organizations;
Creativity;
Motivation and Incentives;
Satisfaction
Amabile, Teresa M. "The Motivation for Creativity in Organizations." Harvard Business School Background Note 396-240, January 1996.
- 1996
- Article
Evidence to Support the Componential Model of Creativity: Secondary Analyses of Three Studies
By: R. Conti, H. Coon and T. M. Amabile
Amabile's (1983a, 1983b, 1988) componential model of creativity predicts that three major components contribute to creativity: skills specific to the task domain, general (cross-domain) creativity-relevant skills, and task motivation. If all three components actually...
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Conti, R., H. Coon, and T. M. Amabile. "Evidence to Support the Componential Model of Creativity: Secondary Analyses of Three Studies." Creativity Research Journal 9, no. 4 (1996): 385–389.
- Article
The Power in Demography: Women's Social Constructions of Gender Identity at Work
By: R. J. Ely
This study examined how women's proportional representation in the upper echelons of organizations affects professional women's social constructions of gender difference and gender identity at work. Qualitative and quantitative data were used. Results suggest that sex...
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Ely, R. J. "The Power in Demography: Women's Social Constructions of Gender Identity at Work." Academy of Management Journal 38, no. 3 (June 1995): 589–634. (Winner, Academy of Management Journal Impact Award, 2021.)
- 1994
- Article
The Delicate Balance in Managing for Creativity
By: T. M. Amabile
Organizational stimulants and obstacles to creativity are summarized. The management tasks of supporting creativity and encouraging innovation are described as a delicate balance between over-control and chaos. A technology used to assess the climate for creativity is...
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Amabile, T. M. "The Delicate Balance in Managing for Creativity." R&D Innovator 3 (1994): 1–9.
- Article
Enfranchisement of Service Workers
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and James Heskett
Enfranchisement is achieved through an integration of empowerment with methods of pay for performance. Evidence from Ito Yokado Group in Japan and Nordstrom in the US demonstrates the positive effects of enfranchisement. Successful efforts to enfranchise employees: 1....
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Keywords:
Motivation and Incentives;
Franchise Ownership;
Employees;
Compensation and Benefits;
Service Industry;
Japan;
United States
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and James Heskett. "Enfranchisement of Service Workers." California Management Review 33, no. 4 (Summer 1991).
- November 1990 (Revised April 1999)
- Case
General Motors: Packard Electric Division
Packard Electric is the division of General Motors (GM) that does all of the electrical wiring and cabling for GM automobiles. They developed a new approach for passing the cables through the firewall between the engine and passenger compartments. The new technology...
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Keywords:
Business Divisions;
Cost;
Management Style;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Production;
Projects;
Groups and Teams;
Conflict and Resolution;
Technology;
Auto Industry
Wheelwright, Steven C. "General Motors: Packard Electric Division." Harvard Business School Case 691-030, November 1990. (Revised April 1999.)
- March 1990 (Revised June 1991)
- Case
IBM Corp.: ""Make It Your Business"" (A)
By: Robert L. Simons
In 1987, IBM changed its strategy in an attempt to become a market-driven company rather than a product-driven company. The case begins with a description of the new strategy and the reasons for the change and then describes the top-down sales planning and quota system...
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Keywords:
Commercialization;
Competitive Advantage;
Business Strategy;
Goals and Objectives;
Strategic Planning;
Motivation and Incentives;
Sales;
Volatility;
System;
Information Technology Industry
Simons, Robert L. IBM Corp.: ""Make It Your Business"" (A). Harvard Business School Case 190-137, March 1990. (Revised June 1991.)
- July 1989
- Article
Immunizing Children Against the Negative Effects of Reward
By: B. A. Hennessey, T. M. Amabile and M. Martinage
Two studies were conducted to examine the effect of intrinsic motivation training on children's subsequent motivational orientation and creativity in an expected reward situation. Past research has demonstrated the overjustification effect: Children who work on an...
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Keywords:
Creativity;
Motivation and Incentives;
Training;
Early Childhood Education;
Learning;
Teaching
Hennessey, B. A., T. M. Amabile, and M. Martinage. "Immunizing Children Against the Negative Effects of Reward." Contemporary Educational Psychology 14, no. 3 (July 1989): 212–227.
- spring 1987
- Article
Facilitating Group Creativity: Experience with a Group Decision Support System
By: J. Nunamaker, L. M. Applegate and B. Konsynski
Nunamaker, J., L. M. Applegate, and B. Konsynski. "Facilitating Group Creativity: Experience with a Group Decision Support System." Journal of Management Information Systems 3, no. 4 (spring 1987): 5–19.
- January 1986
- Article
Social Influences on Creativity: The Effects of Contracted-For Reward
By: T. M. Amabile, B. A. Hennessey and B. S. Grossman
Three studies, with 195 5–11 yr olds and 60 female undergraduates, tested the hypothesis that explicitly contracting to do an activity in order to receive a reward would have negative effects on creativity, but receiving no reward or only a noncontracted-for reward...
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Amabile, T. M., B. A. Hennessey, and B. S. Grossman. "Social Influences on Creativity: The Effects of Contracted-For Reward." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50, no. 1 (January 1986): 14–23.
- 1984
- Article
Children's Artistic Creativity: Effects of Choice in Task Materials
By: T. M. Amabile and J. Gitomer
Preschool boys and girls made collages using a subset of a large array of materials. Half of the children were allowed to choose those materials they would use. For the rest of the children, the choice was made by the experimenter. Children in the no-choice condition...
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Amabile, T. M., and J. Gitomer. "Children's Artistic Creativity: Effects of Choice in Task Materials." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 10 (1984): 209–215.
- March 1983
- Article
Brilliant but Cruel: Perceptions of Negative Evaluators
By: T. M. Amabile
Using edited excerpts from actual negative and positive book reviews, this research examined the hypothesis that negative evaluators of intellectual products will be perceived as more intelligent than positive evaluators. The results strongly supported the hypothesis....
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Keywords:
Social Psychology;
Situation or Environment;
Performance Evaluation;
Perception;
Status and Position;
Attitudes;
Prejudice and Bias;
Power and Influence
Amabile, T. M. "Brilliant but Cruel: Perceptions of Negative Evaluators." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 19 (March 1983): 146–156. (Reprinted in: E. Aronson (Ed.) (1984), Readings about the social animal (3rd. ed.). San Francisco: Freeman.)
- February 1979 (Revised December 1983)
- Case
Allied Chemical Corp. (A)
Describes Allied, the chemical industry, and the effects of the Kepone problem (a toxic pesticide dumped into the James River) as of 1976. The executive in the case must decide whether the company should support the passage of the Toxic Substances Control Act and an...
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Keywords:
Pollutants;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Decision Making;
Laws and Statutes;
Welfare;
Legal Liability;
Business and Government Relations;
Chemical Industry
Lodge, George C., and Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. "Allied Chemical Corp. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 379-137, February 1979. (Revised December 1983.)
- Research Summary
Managing Multiple Identities at Work
Peoples’ work identities, which are often a deep source of meaning for them, may conflict with or complement cultural, familial, or personal identities they value. A central focus of Professor Ramarajan’s work is understanding, on the individual level, how these...
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- Research Summary
Monetary and Non-monetary Incentives
By: Susanna Gallani
In this line of research, Prof. Gallani explores the interplay between monetary and non-monetary incentives in organization. In particular, she explores the effectiveness of non-monetary motivation mechanisms, including mission statements and company values, feedback,...
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- Forthcoming
- Article
On the Origins of Restricting Women's Promiscuity
By: Anke Becker
This paper studies the origins and function of customs and norms that intend to keep women from being promiscuous. Using large-scale survey data from more than 100 countries, I test the anthropological theory that a particular form of preindustrial...
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