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  • Article

Financial Shame Spirals: How Shame Intensifies Financial Hardship
By: Joe J. Gladstone, Jon M. Jachimowicz, Adam Eric Greenberg and Adam D. Galinsky
Financial hardship is an established source of shame. This research explores whether shame is also a driver and exacerbator of financial hardship. Six experimental, archival, and correlational studies (N = 9,110)—including data from customer bank account histories and...  View Details
Keywords: Financial Hardship; Financial Decision-making; Shame; Guilt; Personal Finance; Financial Condition; Decision Making; Emotions
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  • October 2021
  • Article

Directors' Perceptions of Board Effectiveness and Internal Operations
By: J. Yo-Jud Cheng, Boris Groysberg, Paul M. Healy and Rajesh Vijayaraghavan
We contribute to the growing literature on the effectiveness of corporate boards by examining the effect of two insights that have been largely unexplored in prior studies that use public data. First, since boards’ responsibilities are wide-ranging, more holistic...  View Details
Keywords: Boards Of Directors; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Performance Effectiveness; Perception
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  • September–October 2021
  • Article

Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb
By: Shunyuan Zhang, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh and Kannan Srinivasan
We study the effect of Airbnb’s smart-pricing algorithm on the racial disparity in the daily revenue earned by Airbnb hosts. Our empirical strategy exploits Airbnb’s introduction of the algorithm and its voluntary adoption by hosts as a quasi-natural experiment. Among...  View Details
Keywords: Smart Pricing; Pricing Algorithm; Machine Bias; Discrimination; Racial Disparity; Social Inequality; Airbnb Revenue; Revenue; Race; Equality and Inequality; Prejudice and Bias; Price; Mathematical Methods; Accommodations Industry
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  • September 30, 2020
  • Article

How Nonprofit Foundations Can Sustainably Fund Disease Research
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Kathy Giusti
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

How Does Working from Home during COVID-19 Affect What Managers Do? Evidence from Time-Use Studies
By: Thomaz Teodorovicz, Raffaella Sadun, Andrew L. Kun and Orit Shaer
We assess how the sudden and widespread shift to working from home (WFH) during the pandemic impacted how managers allocate time throughout their working day. We analyze the results from an online time-use survey with data on 1,192 knowledge workers (out of which 973...  View Details
Keywords: Time-use; Working-from-home; COVID; COVID-19; Managers; Knowledge Workers; Health Pandemics; Measurement and Metrics; Research and Development
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  • September 28, 2021
  • Editorial

A Guide to Implementing the 4-Day Workweek: Working Less Can Reduce Employees' Stress—Without Sacrificing Productivity
By: Ashley Whillans and Charlotte Lockhart
As organizations continue to explore a variety of flexible work options, one promising avenue is the four-day workweek: The standard 40 hours per week is reduced to 32 hours, with the same pay and the same productivity expectations. Research suggests reducing hours can...  View Details
Keywords: Workweek; Stress; Employees; Health; Performance Productivity; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

When to Go and How to Go? Founder and Leader Transition in Private Equity Firms
By: Josh Lerner and Diana Noble
Leadership transition in private equity firms is an understudied field, despite the important, albeit controversial, role such firms play in developed economies. We analyzed 260 firms in an empirical study, supplemented by qualitative interviews with a small sample of...  View Details
Keywords: Buyout; Succession; Venture Capital; Leadership; Private Equity; Personal Development and Career; Performance
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  • September 15, 2021
  • Article

Improving Deconvolution Methods in Biology Through Open Innovation Competitions: An Application to the Connectivity Map
By: Andrea Blasco, Ted Natoli, Michael G. Endres, Rinat A. Sergeev, Steven Randazzo, Jin Hyun Paik, N.J. Maximilian Macaluso, Rajiv Narayan, Xiaodong Lu, David Peck, Karim R. Lakhani and Aravind Subramanian
A recurring problem in biomedical research is how to isolate signals of distinct populations (cell types, tissues, and genes) from composite measures obtained by a single analyte or sensor. Existing computational deconvolution approaches work well in many specific...  View Details
Keywords: Deconvolution; Methods; Open Innovation Competition; Genomics; Research; Innovation and Invention
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  • 2021
  • Article

Aggregate Advertising Expenditure in the U.S. Economy: Measurement and Growth Issues in the Digital Era
By: Alvin J. Silk and Ernst R. Berndt
The two components of the advertising industry—the creative sector that develops and produces messages, and the communications sector that transmits messages via various media—have each been greatly affected by advances in creative design and communications...  View Details
Keywords: Industry Evolution; Advertising; Spending; Measurement and Metrics; Mathematical Methods; Media; Advertising Industry; United States
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  • 2021
  • Article

An Empirical Examination of Sell-Side Brokerage Analysts' Published Research, Concierge Services, and High-Touch Services
By: David A. Maber, Boris Groysberg and Paul M. Healy
This paper uses a proprietary panel dataset to categorize and quantify the activities that sell-side brokerage analysts use to build and sustain their network of buy-side client relations. We then examine the marginal impact of these activities on key analyst outcome...  View Details
Keywords: Sell-side Analysts; Analyst Ratings; Brokerage Commissions; Earnings Forecasts
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  • 2021
  • Article

How Top Managers Use the Entrepreneurial Gap to Drive Strategic Change
By: Robert L. Simons and Antonio Davila
Prior research provides strong evidence for the association between business strategy and the design and use of management control systems. We complement this research by examining the role of management control systems in situations of strategic change. We report the...  View Details
Keywords: Management Control Systems; Accountability; Strategic Change; Organization Change And Adaptation; Organizational Performance; Management Systems; Organizational Structure; Corporate Accountability; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance
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  • September 2021
  • Article

Income More Reliably Predicts Frequent Than Intense Happiness
By: Jon M. Jachimowicz, Ruo Mo, Adam Eric Greenberg, Bertus Jeronimus and Ashley V. Whillans
There is widespread consensus that income and subjective well-being are linked, but when and why they are connected is subject to ongoing debate. We draw on prior research that distinguishes between the frequency and intensity of happiness to suggest that higher income...  View Details
Keywords: Life Satisfaction; Time Use; Happiness; Income; Money; Satisfaction
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  • September 2021
  • Article

Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective
By: Itai Ashlagi and Alvin E. Roth
Many patients in need of a kidney transplant have a willing but incompatible (or poorly matched) living donor. Kidney exchange programs arrange exchanges among such patient-donor pairs, in cycles and chains of exchange, so each patient receives a compatible kidney....  View Details
Keywords: Kidney Exchange Programs; Matching; Health Disorders; Health Care and Treatment; Programs; Design
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  • 2021
  • Book

Lead and Disrupt: How to Solve the Innovator's Dilemma
By: Charles A. O'Reilly III and Michael Tushman
Why do successful firms find it so difficult to adapt in the face of change—to innovate? In the past ten years, the importance of this question has increased as more industries and firms confront disruptive change. The pandemic has accelerated this crisis, collapsing...  View Details
Keywords: Organization Change And Adaptation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Disruptive Innovation; Innovation and Management; Leading Change
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  • September 2021
  • Article

Oh's 8-Universality Criterion Is Unique
By: Scott Duke Kominers
Using the methods developed for the proof that the 2-universality criterion is unique, we partially characterize criteria for the n-universality of positive-definite integer-matrix quadratic forms. We then obtain the uniqueness of Oh’s 8-universality criterion as an...  View Details
Keywords: N-universal Lattice; 8-universal Lattice; Universality Criteria; Quadratic Forms; Additively Indecomposable; Mathematical Methods
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

Salience
By: Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer
We review the fast-growing work on salience and economic behavior. Psychological research shows that salient stimuli attract human attention “bottom up” due to their high contrast with surroundings, their surprising nature relative to recalled experiences, or their...  View Details
Keywords: Salience; Economic Behavior; Bottom Up Attention; Microeconomics; Decision Making; Behavior
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  • September 2021
  • Article

Trials and Terminations: Learning from Competitors' R&D Failures
By: Joshua L. Krieger
I analyze project continuation decisions where firms may resolve uncertainty through news about competitors' research and development (R&D) failures, as well as through their own results. I examine the trade-offs and interactions between product-market competition and...  View Details
Keywords: Research and Development; Projects; Failure; Decision Making; Learning
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  • Article

Unconscious Bias Training That Works
By: Francesca Gino and Katherine Coffman
To become more diverse, equitable, and inclusive, many companies have turned to unconscious bias (UB) training. By raising awareness of the mental shortcuts that lead to snap judgments—often based on race and gender—about people’s talents or character, it strives to...  View Details
Keywords: Implicit Bias; Social Integration; Empathy; Prejudice and Bias; Employees; Training; Attitudes; Behavior; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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  • Fall 2021
  • Article

When to Go and How to Go? Founder and Leader Transitions in Private Equity Firms
By: Josh Lerner and Diana Noble
Leadership transition in private equity firms is an understudied field, despite the important, albeit controversial, role such firms play in developed economies. We analyzed 260 firms in an empirical study, supplemented by qualitative interviews with a small sample of...  View Details
Keywords: Leadership Transition; Private Equity; Leadership; Management Succession; Analysis
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  • August 18, 2020
  • Article

What It Takes to Lead a Disease Research Foundation
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Kathy Giusti
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