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    • All HBS Web  (555)
      • Faculty Publications  (43)

      Representational Similarity Analysis Remove Representational Similarity Analysis →

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      • May 2022
      • Article

      Variance Analysis: New Insights from Health Care Applications

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Susanna Gallani
      We use a health care application to illustrate how variance analysis can be used to benchmark costs across similar service delivery sites. Variances for personnel costs, typically the largest cost component in service organizations, are calculated for price, quantity,...  View Details
      Keywords: Variance Analysis; Benchmarking; Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care; Activity Based Costing and Management; Health Care and Treatment; Service Delivery; Service Industry
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Susanna Gallani. "Variance Analysis: New Insights from Health Care Applications." Issues in Accounting Education 37, no. 2 (May 2022): 27–36.
      • May 2022
      • Article

      When Harry Fired Sally: The Double Standard in Punishing Misconduct

      By: Mark Egan, Gregor Matvos and Amit Seru
      We examine gender differences in misconduct punishment in the financial advisory industry. We find evidence of a “gender punishment gap”: following an incident of misconduct, female advisers are 20% more likely to lose their jobs and 30% less likely to find new jobs...  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Advisers; Brokers; Gender Discrimination; Consumer Finance; Financial Misconduct And Fraud; FINRA; Financial Institutions; Employees; Crime and Corruption; Gender; Prejudice and Bias; Personal Finance; Financial Services Industry
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      Egan, Mark, Gregor Matvos, and Amit Seru. "When Harry Fired Sally: The Double Standard in Punishing Misconduct." Journal of Political Economy 130, no. 5 (May 2022): 1184–1248.
      • March 2022
      • Article

      Sensitivity Analysis of Agent-based Models: A New Protocol

      By: Emanuele Borgonovo, Marco Pangallo, Jan Rivkin, Leonardo Rizzo and Nicolaj Siggelkow
      Agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly used in the management sciences. Though useful, ABMs are often critiqued: it is hard to discern why they produce the results they do and whether other assumptions would yield similar results. To help researchers address such...  View Details
      Keywords: Agent-based Modeling; Sensitivity Analysis; Design Of Experiments; Total Order Sensitivity Indices; Organizations; Behavior; Decision Making; Mathematical Methods
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      Borgonovo, Emanuele, Marco Pangallo, Jan Rivkin, Leonardo Rizzo, and Nicolaj Siggelkow. "Sensitivity Analysis of Agent-based Models: A New Protocol." Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 28, no. 1 (March 2022): 52–94.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Anatomy of a Hospital System Merger: The Patient Did Not Respond Well to Treatment

      By: Martin Gaynor, Adam Sacarny, Raffaella Sadun, Chad Syverson and Shruthi Venkatesh
      There is an ongoing merger wave in the U.S. hospital industry, but it remains an open question how hospital mergers change, or fail to change, hospital behavior, performance, and outcomes. In this research, we open the “black box” of practices within hospitals in the...  View Details
      Keywords: Hospital Mergers; Health Care and Treatment; Mergers and Acquisitions; Performance Effectiveness; Outcome or Result; Analysis; United States
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      Gaynor, Martin, Adam Sacarny, Raffaella Sadun, Chad Syverson, and Shruthi Venkatesh. "The Anatomy of a Hospital System Merger: The Patient Did Not Respond Well to Treatment." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29449, November 2021.
      • Article

      Behavioral and Neural Representations en route to Intuitive Action Understanding

      By: Leyla Tarhan, Julian De Freitas and Talia Konkle
      When we observe another person’s actions, we process many kinds of information—from how their body moves to the intention behind their movements. What kinds of information underlie our intuitive understanding about how similar actions are to each other? To address this...  View Details
      Keywords: Action Perception; Intuitive Similarity; Multi-arrangement; fMRI; Representational Similarity Analysis; Behavior; Perception
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      Tarhan, Leyla, Julian De Freitas, and Talia Konkle. "Behavioral and Neural Representations en route to Intuitive Action Understanding." Neuropsychologia 163 (December 2021).
      • July 2021
      • Article

      The Effect of Price on Firm Reputation

      By: Michael Luca and Oren Reshef
      While a business's reputation can affect its pricing, prices can also affect its reputation. To explore the effect of prices on reputation, we investigate daily data on menu prices and online ratings from a large rating and ordering platform. We find that a price...  View Details
      Keywords: Pricing; Reputation Systems; IT Policy And Management; Economics Of Digital Platforms; Business Ventures; Reputation; Price; Consumer Behavior; Analysis
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      Luca, Michael, and Oren Reshef. "The Effect of Price on Firm Reputation." Management Science 67, no. 7 (July 2021).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Great Unequalizer: Initial Health Effects of COVID-19 in the United States

      By: Marcella Alsan, Amitabh Chandra and Kosali I. Simon
      We measure inequities from the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality and hospitalizations in the United States during the early months of the outbreak. We discuss challenges in measuring health outcomes and health inequality, some of which are specific to COVID-19 and others...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Health Inequality; Health Pandemics; Demographics; Equality and Inequality
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      Alsan, Marcella, Amitabh Chandra, and Kosali I. Simon. "The Great Unequalizer: Initial Health Effects of COVID-19 in the United States." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28958, June 2021.
      • April 2021 (Revised July 2021)
      • Case

      StockX: The Stock Market of Things (Abridged)

      By: Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb and Julia Kelley
      Founded in 2015 by Dan Gilbert, Josh Luber, and Greg Schwartz, StockX was an online platform where users could buy and sell unworn luxury and limited-edition sneakers. Sneaker resale prices often fluctuated over time based on supply and demand, creating a robust...  View Details
      Keywords: Markets; Auctions; Bids and Bidding; Demand and Consumers; Consumer Behavior; Analytics and Data Science; Market Design; Digital Platforms; Market Transactions; Marketplace Matching; Supply and Industry; Analysis; Price; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Fashion Industry; North and Central America; United States; Michigan; Detroit
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      Farronato, Chiara, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb, and Julia Kelley. "StockX: The Stock Market of Things (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 621-107, April 2021. (Revised July 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms

      By: Laura Alfaro, Oscar Becerra and Marcela Eslava
      Emerging economies are characterized by an extremely high prevalence of informality, small-firm employment and jobs not fit for working from home. These features factor into how the COVID-19 crisis has affected the economy. We develop a framework that, based on...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Emerging Economies; Informality; Firm-size Distribution; Health Pandemics; Developing Countries and Economies; Economy; System Shocks; Latin America
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      Alfaro, Laura, Oscar Becerra, and Marcela Eslava. "EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-125, June 2020. (See application of the methodology to Latin American Countries in the IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere 2020, Chapter 3. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/REO/WH/Issues/2020/10/13/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Anchors Aweigh: Analysis of Anchor Limited Partner Investors in Impact Investment Funds

      By: Shawn A. Cole, T. Robert Zochowski, Fanele Mashwama and Heather McPherson
      This note describes results from a survey of “anchor investors” in impact funds. Anchor investors are described as “generally the first investor to make a substantial capital commitment to a fund,” (according to the Global Impact Investing Network, “GIIN”) and their...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investment Funds; Anchor Investors; Investment; Surveys; Analysis
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      Cole, Shawn A., T. Robert Zochowski, Fanele Mashwama, and Heather McPherson. "Anchors Aweigh: Analysis of Anchor Limited Partner Investors in Impact Investment Funds." Working Paper, May 2020.
      • February 2020 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      StockX: The Stock Market of Things

      By: Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb and Julia Kelley
      Founded in 2015 by Dan Gilbert, Josh Luber, and Greg Schwartz, StockX was an online platform where users could buy and sell unworn luxury and limited-edition sneakers. Sneaker resale prices often fluctuated over time based on supply and demand, creating a robust...  View Details
      Keywords: Markets; Auctions; Bids and Bidding; Demand and Consumers; Consumer Behavior; Analytics and Data Science; Market Design; Digital Platforms; Market Transactions; Marketplace Matching; Supply and Industry; Analysis; Price; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Fashion Industry; North and Central America; United States; Michigan; Detroit
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      Farronato, Chiara, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb, and Julia Kelley. "StockX: The Stock Market of Things." Harvard Business School Case 620-062, February 2020. (Revised April 2021.)
      • 2019
      • White Paper

      Impact-Weighted Financial Accounts: The Missing Piece for an Impact Economy

      By: George Serafeim, T. Robert Zochowski and Jennifer Downing
      Reimagining capitalism is an imperative. We need to create a more inclusive and sustainable form of capitalism that works for every person and the planet. Massive environmental damage, growing income and wealth disparity, stress, and depression within developed...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact-Weighted Accounts; IWAI; Background; Economic Systems; Economy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Measurement and Metrics; Financial Statements
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      Serafeim, George, T. Robert Zochowski, and Jennifer Downing. "Impact-Weighted Financial Accounts: The Missing Piece for an Impact Economy." White Paper, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA, September 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Identification Using Border Approaches and IVs

      By: Xing Li, Wesley R. Hartmann and Tomomichi Amano
      We document that recent quasi-experimental strategies for identifying advertising effects can be derived from a model in which ad decisions are made at a more aggregate level than conversion is measured. Next, we show that the identifying variation in one of these...  View Details
      Keywords: Advertising Effects; Advertising; Decision Making; Political Elections; Analysis
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      Li, Xing, Wesley R. Hartmann, and Tomomichi Amano. "Identification Using Border Approaches and IVs." Working Paper, June 2019.
      • 2019
      • Article

      Time-Driven Activity-Based Cost Analysis for Outpatient Anticoagulation Therapy: Direct Costs in a Primary Care Setting with Optimal Performance

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Rohit A. Bobade, Richard A. Helmers, Thomas M. Jaeger, Laura J. Odell and Derek A. Haas
      Objectives: To determine how overall cost of anticoagulation therapy for warfarin compares with that of Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs). Also, to demonstrate a scientific, comprehensive, and an analytical approach to estimate direct costs involved in monitoring and...  View Details
      Keywords: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Activity Based Costing and Management; Health Care and Treatment; Analysis
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Rohit A. Bobade, Richard A. Helmers, Thomas M. Jaeger, Laura J. Odell, and Derek A. Haas. "Time-Driven Activity-Based Cost Analysis for Outpatient Anticoagulation Therapy: Direct Costs in a Primary Care Setting with Optimal Performance." Journal of Medical Economics 22, no. 5 (2019): 471–477.
      • August 2018 (Revised April 2019)
      • Case

      Chateau Winery (A): Unsupervised Learning

      By: Srikant M. Datar and Caitlin N. Bowler
      This case follows Bill Booth, marketing manager of a regional wine distributor, as he applies unsupervised learning on data about his customers’ purchases to better understand their preferences. Specifically, he uses the K-means clustering technique to identify groups...  View Details
      Keywords: Clustering; Data Science; Analytics and Data Science; Customers; Marketing; Analysis
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      Datar, Srikant M., and Caitlin N. Bowler. "Chateau Winery (A): Unsupervised Learning." Harvard Business School Case 119-023, August 2018. (Revised April 2019.)
      • August 2018 (Revised April 2019)
      • Supplement

      Chateau Winery (B): Supervised Learning

      By: Srikant M. Datar and Caitlin N. Bowler
      This case builds directly on “Chateau Winery (A).” In this case, Bill Booth, marketing manager of a regional wine distributor, shifts to supervised learning techniques to try to predict which deals he should offer to customers based on the purchasing behavior of those...  View Details
      Keywords: Data Science; Clustering; Analytics and Data Science; Customers; Marketing; Analysis
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      Datar, Srikant M., and Caitlin N. Bowler. "Chateau Winery (B): Supervised Learning." Harvard Business School Supplement 119-024, August 2018. (Revised April 2019.)
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Structural Transformation: A Competitiveness-based View

      By: Christian H.M. Ketels
      Competitiveness research aims to enhance our understanding of the drivers of prosperity differences across locations and of policies that can sustainably raise a location’s prosperity level. The paper outlines key elements of the competitiveness framework and discusses...  View Details
      Keywords: Competitiveness; Cluster; Development; Growth; Economic Policy; Competition; Development Economics; Economic Growth; Policy
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      Ketels, Christian H.M. "Structural Transformation: A Competitiveness-based View." African Development Bank Group Working Paper, No. 258, May 2017.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Financial Patent Quality: Finance Patents After State Street

      By: Josh Lerner, Andrew Speen, Mark Baker and Ann Leamon
      In the past two decades, patents of inventions related to financial services ("finance patents"), as well as litigation around these patents, have surged. One of the repeated concerns voiced by academics and practitioners alike has been about the quality of these...  View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Lawsuits and Litigation; Finance
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      Lerner, Josh, Andrew Speen, Mark Baker, and Ann Leamon. "Financial Patent Quality: Finance Patents After State Street." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-068, December 2015.
      • March 2015
      • Article

      Business Model Evaluation: Quantifying Walmart's Sources of Advantage

      By: Humberto Brea-Solís, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Emili Grifell-Tatjé
      We develop an analytical framework on the basis of the economics of business performance to provide quantitative insight into the link between a firm's business model choices and its profit consequences. The method is applied to Walmart by building a qualitative...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Models; Quantitative Analysis; Walmart; Production Theory; Business Model; Competitive Advantage; Profit
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      Brea-Solís, Humberto, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, and Emili Grifell-Tatjé. "Business Model Evaluation: Quantifying Walmart's Sources of Advantage." Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal 9, no. 1 (March 2015): 12–33.
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      How Major League Baseball Clubs Have Commercialized Their Investment in Japanese Top Stars

      By: Isao Okada and Stephen A. Greyser

      When a Major League Baseball club signs a Japanese star player, it obviously tries to commercialize its investment in the player. The initial focus is on home attendance (ticket sales) and television audiences, plus merchandise sales. These elements are similar to...  View Details

      Keywords: Commercialization; Sports; Revenue; Sports Industry; Japan; United States
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      Okada, Isao, and Stephen A. Greyser. "How Major League Baseball Clubs Have Commercialized Their Investment in Japanese Top Stars." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-029, September 2013.
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