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- June 2020
- Article
Real-time Data from Mobile Platforms to Evaluate Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
By: Omar Isaac Asensio, Kevin Alvarez, Arielle Dror, Emerson Wenzel, Catharina Hollauer and Sooji Ha
By displacing gasoline and diesel fuels, electric cars and fleets reduce emissions from the transportation sector, thus offering important public health benefits. However, public confidence in the reliability of charging infrastructure remains a fundamental barrier to...
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Keywords:
Environmental Sustainability;
Transportation;
Infrastructure;
Behavior;
AI and Machine Learning;
Demand and Consumers
Asensio, Omar Isaac, Kevin Alvarez, Arielle Dror, Emerson Wenzel, Catharina Hollauer, and Sooji Ha. "Real-time Data from Mobile Platforms to Evaluate Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure." Nature Sustainability 3, no. 6 (June 2020): 463–471.
- May 2023 (Revised June 2023)
- Case
Harvard University and Urban Mining Industries: Decarbonizing the Supply Chain
By: Shirley Lu and Robert S. Kaplan
The case describes Harvard University’s consideration to decarbonize its supply chain by replacing cement with a low-carbon substitute called Pozzotive®. Developed and produced by Urban Mining Industries, Pozzotive® is a ground-glass material made with post-consumer...
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Keywords:
Carbon Emissions;
Blockchain;
Supply Chain;
Green Technology;
Climate Change;
Environmental Sustainability
Lu, Shirley, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Harvard University and Urban Mining Industries: Decarbonizing the Supply Chain." Harvard Business School Case 123-076, May 2023. (Revised June 2023.)
- March–April 2023
- Article
Market Segmentation Trees
By: Ali Aouad, Adam Elmachtoub, Kris J. Ferreira and Ryan McNellis
Problem definition: We seek to provide an interpretable framework for segmenting users in a population for personalized decision making. Methodology/results: We propose a general methodology, market segmentation trees (MSTs), for learning market...
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Keywords:
Decision Trees;
Computational Advertising;
Market Segmentation;
Analytics and Data Science;
E-commerce;
Consumer Behavior;
Marketplace Matching;
Marketing Channels;
Digital Marketing
Aouad, Ali, Adam Elmachtoub, Kris J. Ferreira, and Ryan McNellis. "Market Segmentation Trees." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 25, no. 2 (March–April 2023): 648–667.
- February 10, 2023
- Article
The Case for Having a Boring CEO
CEOs who avoid the cameras and minimize drama offer valuable leadership lessons. Their lifestyles aren’t splashed on the pages of magazines. They don’t speak out on every public issue, and their pronouncements are balanced and cautious. Sometimes when I name them as my...
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Keywords:
CEO;
Leadership;
Company Management;
Personal Brand;
Reliability;
Humility;
Public Opinion
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "The Case for Having a Boring CEO." Wall Street Journal (online) (February 10, 2023).
- 2023
- Article
Evaluating Explainability for Graph Neural Networks
By: Chirag Agarwal, Owen Queen, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Marinka Zitnik
As explanations are increasingly used to understand the behavior of graph neural networks (GNNs), evaluating the quality and reliability of GNN explanations is crucial. However, assessing the quality of GNN explanations is challenging as existing graph datasets have no...
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Keywords:
Analytics and Data Science
Agarwal, Chirag, Owen Queen, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Marinka Zitnik. "Evaluating Explainability for Graph Neural Networks." Art. 114. Scientific Data 10 (2023).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Post-market Surveillance of Software Medical Devices: Evidence from Regulatory Data
By: Alexander O. Everhart and Ariel D. Stern
Medical devices increasingly include software components, which facilitate remote patient monitoring. The introduction of software into previously analog medical devices as well as innovation in software-driven devices may introduce new safety concerns—all the more so...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Safety;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Health Care and Treatment;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Everhart, Alexander O., and Ariel D. Stern. "Post-market Surveillance of Software Medical Devices: Evidence from Regulatory Data." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-035, November 2022.
- October 25, 2022
- Article
Why Sharing Economic Growth with the Community Is Good Business
By: José A. Tiburcio, Lino Miguel Dias and Robert S. Kaplan
Subsistence dairy ranchers in Central America struggle to stay afloat during the dry season when grass is scarce. Global life sciences company Bayer has launched a program to enable them to produce their own corn silage feed. The results of this program are helping to...
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Keywords:
Sharing Economy;
Innovation;
Economic Growth;
Poverty;
Production;
Supply Chain;
Social Enterprise;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Central America
Tiburcio, José A., Lino Miguel Dias, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Why Sharing Economic Growth with the Community Is Good Business." Harvard Business Review (website) (October 25, 2022).
- October 2022 (Revised December 2022)
- Case
SMART: AI and Machine Learning for Wildlife Conservation
By: Brian Trelstad and Bonnie Yining Cao
Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART), a set of software and analytical tools designed for the purpose of wildlife conservation, had demonstrated significant improvements in patrol coverage, with some observed reductions in poaching and contributing to wildlife...
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Keywords:
Business and Government Relations;
Emerging Markets;
Technology Adoption;
Strategy;
Management;
Ethics;
Social Enterprise;
AI and Machine Learning;
Analytics and Data Science;
Natural Environment;
Technology Industry;
Cambodia;
United States;
Africa
Trelstad, Brian, and Bonnie Yining Cao. "SMART: AI and Machine Learning for Wildlife Conservation." Harvard Business School Case 323-036, October 2022. (Revised December 2022.)
- October–December 2022
- Article
Achieving Reliable Causal Inference with Data-Mined Variables: A Random Forest Approach to the Measurement Error Problem
By: Mochen Yang, Edward McFowland III, Gordon Burtch and Gediminas Adomavicius
Combining machine learning with econometric analysis is becoming increasingly prevalent in both research and practice. A common empirical strategy involves the application of predictive modeling techniques to "mine" variables of interest from available data, followed...
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Keywords:
Machine Learning;
Econometric Analysis;
Instrumental Variable;
Random Forest;
Causal Inference;
AI and Machine Learning;
Forecasting and Prediction
Yang, Mochen, Edward McFowland III, Gordon Burtch, and Gediminas Adomavicius. "Achieving Reliable Causal Inference with Data-Mined Variables: A Random Forest Approach to the Measurement Error Problem." INFORMS Journal on Data Science 1, no. 2 (October–December 2022): 138–155.
- August 2022 (Revised August 2023)
- Case
Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough’s Rise
By: Emily R. McComb, Mel Martin and Amy Klopfenstein
In 2021, the HBS Impact Investment Fund student team met with entrepreneur Teresa Maynard, who had applied for a $25,000 impact investment loan. The students thought the former Harvard Data Scientist’s bakery business, Sweet Teez Bakery, showed promise. Maynard had...
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Keywords:
Impact Investment;
Entrepreneurship;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Finance;
Investment;
Goods and Commodities;
Financial Reporting;
Small Business;
Food and Beverage Industry;
United States;
Massachusetts
McComb, Emily R., Mel Martin, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough’s Rise." Harvard Business School Case 223-004, August 2022. (Revised August 2023.)
- August 2022
- Supplement
Sweet Teez Bakery: Projecting the Dough’s Rise Financial Supplement
By: Emily R. McComb, Mel Martin and Amy Klopfenstein
Abstract: In 2021, the HBS Impact Investment Fund student team met with entrepreneur Teresa Maynard, who had applied for a $25,000 impact investment loan. The students thought the former Harvard Data Scientist’s bakery business, Sweet Teez Bakery, showed promise....
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- 2022
- Article
Data Poisoning Attacks on Off-Policy Evaluation Methods
By: Elita Lobo, Harvineet Singh, Marek Petrik, Cynthia Rudin and Himabindu Lakkaraju
Off-policy Evaluation (OPE) methods are a crucial tool for evaluating policies in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, where exploration is often infeasible, unethical, or expensive. However, the extent to which such methods can be trusted under adversarial threats...
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Lobo, Elita, Harvineet Singh, Marek Petrik, Cynthia Rudin, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Data Poisoning Attacks on Off-Policy Evaluation Methods." Proceedings of the Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI) 38th (2022): 1264–1274.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Moral Thin-Slicing: Forming Moral Impressions from a Brief Glance
By: Julian De Freitas and Alon Hafri
Despite the modern rarity with which people are visual witness to moral transgressions involving
physical harm, such transgressions are more accessible than ever thanks to their availability on
social media and in the news. On one hand, the literature suggests that...
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Keywords:
Moral Judgement;
Thin Slices;
Social Media;
Fake News;
Misinformation;
Moral Sensibility;
Behavior;
News
De Freitas, Julian, and Alon Hafri. "Moral Thin-Slicing: Forming Moral Impressions from a Brief Glance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-002, July 2022. (Revised August 2023.)
- 2022
- Article
Probing GNN Explainers: A Rigorous Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of GNN Explanation Methods.
By: Chirag Agarwal, Marinka Zitnik and Himabindu Lakkaraju
As Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are increasingly employed in real-world applications, it becomes critical to ensure that the stakeholders understand the rationale behind their predictions. While several GNN explanation methods have been proposed recently, there has...
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Keywords:
Graph Neural Networks;
Explanation Methods;
Mathematical Methods;
Framework;
Theory;
Analysis
Agarwal, Chirag, Marinka Zitnik, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Probing GNN Explainers: A Rigorous Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of GNN Explanation Methods." Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 25th (2022).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Uniform Rate Setting and the Deposit Channel
By: Juliane Begenau and Erik Stafford
Banks do not completely pass-through changes in short-term market rates to depositors. The deposit channel of monetary policy proposes that banks choose the rate of pass-through across their branches based on local deposit market concentration, which consequently...
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Begenau, Juliane, and Erik Stafford. "Uniform Rate Setting and the Deposit Channel." Working Paper, May 2022.
- March 2022 (Revised May 2022)
- Case
Reclaiming the Land of Purple: Purpl’s Mission to Unlock Finance in Lebanon
By: Lauren Cohen and Grace Headinger
Karl Naim, Co-Founder and CEO of Purpl, embarked on a venture to lower remittance costs for his native Lebanon. Since October 2019, the Lebanese economy had entered a free fall as its banking sector collapsed and large swathes of its population were plunged into...
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Keywords:
Business Startup;
Fintech;
Inflation;
Deflation;
Cross-border Frictions;
Remittances;
Business Startups;
Diasporas;
Financial Crisis;
Money;
Entrepreneurship;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Poverty;
Financial Institutions;
Banking Industry;
Financial Services Industry;
Technology Industry;
Lebanon
Cohen, Lauren, and Grace Headinger. "Reclaiming the Land of Purple: Purpl’s Mission to Unlock Finance in Lebanon." Harvard Business School Case 222-078, March 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
- Article
Counterfactual Explanations Can Be Manipulated
By: Dylan Slack, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Sameer Singh
Counterfactual explanations are useful for both generating recourse and auditing fairness between groups. We seek to understand whether adversaries can manipulate counterfactual explanations in an algorithmic recourse setting: if counterfactual explanations indicate...
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Slack, Dylan, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Sameer Singh. "Counterfactual Explanations Can Be Manipulated." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 34 (2021).
- Article
Reliable Post hoc Explanations: Modeling Uncertainty in Explainability
By: Dylan Slack, Sophie Hilgard, Sameer Singh and Himabindu Lakkaraju
As black box explanations are increasingly being employed to establish model credibility in high stakes settings, it is important to ensure that these explanations are accurate and reliable. However, prior work demonstrates that explanations generated by...
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Keywords:
Black Box Explanations;
Bayesian Modeling;
Decision Making;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Information Technology
Slack, Dylan, Sophie Hilgard, Sameer Singh, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Reliable Post hoc Explanations: Modeling Uncertainty in Explainability." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 34 (2021).
- November 2021 (Revised December 2021)
- Case
Praava Health: A New Model for Bangladesh
By: Michael Chu
Launched in Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 2018, Praava Health (‘Praava’) delivered high-quality in-clinic primary and specialist care, backed by its own high quality diagnostic laboratories, imaging and pharmacy. Praava was founder Sylvana Sinha’s response to what she saw as a...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurship;
Health Care and Treatment;
Investment Return;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Business Model;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Health Industry;
Bangladesh;
Asia
Chu, Michael. "Praava Health: A New Model for Bangladesh." Harvard Business School Case 322-067, November 2021. (Revised December 2021.)
- Article
Complementarity between Audited Financial Reporting and Voluntary Disclosure: The Case of Former Andersen Clients
By: Richard Frankel, Alon Kalay, Gil Sadka and Yuan Zou
Prior literature presents various perspectives on the role of financial reporting. One view is that mandatory periodic reporting disciplines managers and encourages timely voluntary disclosure. We examine this "confirmation hypothesis" using the shock to financial...
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Keywords:
Financial Disclosure;
Mandatory Reporting;
Reliability;
Voluntary Disclosure;
Financial Reporting;
Quality;
Corporate Disclosure
Frankel, Richard, Alon Kalay, Gil Sadka, and Yuan Zou. "Complementarity between Audited Financial Reporting and Voluntary Disclosure: The Case of Former Andersen Clients." Accounting Review 96, no. 6 (November 2021): 215–238.