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- March–April 2021
- Article
Manage the Suppliers That Could Harm Your Brand: Know When to Avoid, Engage, or Drop Them
By: Jodi L Short and Michael W. Toffel
The pandemic has placed a new spotlight on working conditions in factories that supply global companies. To avert problems, firms often impose codes of conduct on their suppliers and perform audits to assess compliance. Do these measures help identify unethical...
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Keywords:
Auditing;
Agency Cost;
Quality And Safety;
Quality Management System;
Quality Management;
Unions;
Environmental Management;
Globalization;
Goods And Commodities;
Governance;
Labor;
Labor Unions;
Wages;
Working Conditions;
Operations;
Supply Chain;
safety;
quality;
China;
Bangladesh;
Asia;
Pakistan
- 2021
- Working Paper
Auditor Independence and Outsourcing: Aligning Incentives to Mitigate Shilling and Shirking
By: Ashley Palmarozzo, Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Multinational corporations (MNCs) hire auditors to assess their business partners’ compliance with quality, working conditions, and environmental standards. Independent third-party auditors are widely assumed to outperform second-party auditors employed and thus...
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- Article
Resilience vs. Vulnerability: Psychological Safety and Reporting of Near Misses with Varying Proximity to Harm in Radiation Oncology
By: Olivia Jung, Palak Kundu, Amy C. Edmondson, John Hegde, Nzhde Agazaryan, Michael Steinberg and Ann Raldow
Background
Psychological safety, a shared belief that interpersonal risk taking is safe, is an important determinant of incident reporting. However, how psychological safety affects near-miss reporting is unclear, as near misses contain contrasting cues that... View Details
Psychological safety, a shared belief that interpersonal risk taking is safe, is an important determinant of incident reporting. However, how psychological safety affects near-miss reporting is unclear, as near misses contain contrasting cues that... View Details
- 2020
- Working Paper
Flight to Safety: How Economic Downturns Affect Talent Flows to Startups
By: Shai Benjamin Bernstein, Richard Townsend and Ting Xu
This paper investigates how economic downturns affect the flow of human capital to startups. Using proprietary data from AngelList Talent, we study how individuals’ online job searches and applications changed during the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis. We find that...
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- June 2, 2020
- Article
How to 'Re-engineer' Your Business for Safety
By: Hubert Joly
Process reengineering was a massive trend in the 1990s. By focusing on improving either cost, quality, or service, a company could gain benefits in all three categories. Today, the principles that underpin process reengineering can be applied anew, with safety as a...
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- June 2020
- Article
How Scheduling Can Bias Quality Assessment: Evidence from Food Safety Inspections
By: Maria Ibanez and Michael W. Toffel
Accuracy and consistency are critical for inspections to be an effective, fair, and useful tool for assessing risks, quality, and suppliers—and for making decisions based on those assessments. We examine how inspector schedules could introduce bias that erodes...
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- April 15, 2020
- Other Article
Designating Certain Post-Acute Care Facilities As COVID-19 Skilled Care Centers Can Increase Hospital Capacity And Keep Nursing Home Patients Safer
By: Leemore S. Dafny and Steven S. Lee
As the number of COVID-19 cases nationwide continues to grow, many hospitals will need to convert acute care beds into intensive care beds and discharge stable patients to post-acute care settings such as nursing homes. In addition, nursing homes unable to care for...
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- September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
- Case
Keroche (A): Fighting for Share in the Kenyan Alcoholic Drinks Market
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case discusses the challenges faced by Kenyan alcoholic drinks producer Keroche Industries Limited in 2003, when the Kenyan government accused the company of manufacturing and selling substandard alcoholic drinks, revoked its liquor licenses, and shut down its...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Wine;
Manufacturing;
Informal Market;
Regulation;
Illicit;
Illegal;
Shutdown;
Factory;
Low-income Consumers;
Multinational;
Local;
Government;
Allegations;
Accusations;
Negative Press;
Eabl;
Tusker;
Beer;
Sab;
Chang'aa;
Naivasha;
Rift Valley;
East Africa;
Lawsuit;
Legal Battle;
Business Ventures;
Business Exit Or Shutdown;
Business Growth And Maturation;
Business Startups;
Production;
safety;
quality;
Distribution;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime And Corruption;
Customer Focus And Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods And Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth And Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits And Litigation;
Laws And Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals And Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry And Exit;
Problems And Challenges;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food And Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- September 2019
- Supplement
Keroche (B): Considering Entry into the Kenyan Beer Market
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case discusses the situation of the Kenyan alcoholic drinks producer Keroche in July 2004, when co-founder Tabitha Karanja was debating whether to enter the Kenyan beer market. Doing so would mean direct competition with the multinational EABL in an industry and...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Alcoholic Drinks;
Alcoholic Beverages;
Beverages;
Drinks;
Wine Industry;
Wine;
Fortified Wine;
Viena;
Beer;
Beer Market;
Manufacturing;
Production Capacity;
Capacity;
Growth;
Regulated;
Unregulated;
Informal;
Informal Market;
Regulation;
Illicit;
Illegal;
Substandard;
Dangerous;
Shutdown;
Factory;
Safe;
Affordable;
Low-income Consumers;
Business Growth And Maturation;
Business Startups;
Production;
Investment;
safety;
quality;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime And Corruption;
Customer Focus And Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods And Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth And Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits And Litigation;
Laws And Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals And Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry And Exit;
Problems And Challenges;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Marketing;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food And Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- 2020
- Working Paper
Improving Regulatory Effectiveness Through Better Targeting: Evidence from OSHA
By: Matthew S. Johnson, David I. Levine and Michael W. Toffel
We study how a regulator can best target inspections. Our case study is a US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) program that randomly allocated some inspections. On average, each inspection averted 2.4 serious injuries (9%) over the next five years....
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- 2018
- Book
The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation, and Growth
By: Amy C. Edmondson
The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation, and Growth offers practical guidance for teams and organizations who are serious about success in the modern economy. With so much riding on innovation,...
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- 2018
- Chapter
The Strategic Imperative of Psychological Safety and Organizational Error Management
By: Amy C. Edmondson and Paul Verdin
Despite discussion in the management literature about agile organizations or learning organizations, many large organizations are top-down, slow to change, and fraught with obstacles to learning. We describe “strategy-as-learning” to contrast with the traditional...
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- 2019
- Working Paper
Digitizing Disclosure: The Case of Restaurant Hygiene Scores
By: Weijia (Daisy) Dai and Michael Luca
Collaborating with Yelp and the city of San Francisco, we revisit a canonical example of quality disclosure by evaluating and helping to redesign the posting of restaurant hygiene scores on Yelp.com. We implement a two-stage intervention that separately identifies...
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Keywords:
Information;
Web;
quality;
safety;
Food;
Consumer Behavior;
Outcome Or Result;
Food And Beverage Industry
- 2018
- Working Paper
How Scheduling Can Bias Quality Assessment: Evidence from Food Safety Inspections
By: Maria Ibanez and Michael W. Toffel
Many production processes are subject to inspection to ensure they meet quality, safety, and environmental standards imposed by companies and regulators. Inspection accuracy is critical to inspections being a useful input to assessing risks, allocating quality...
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- May 2016 (Revised October 2016)
- Case
Agricultural Revolution without a Land Revolution: the Megafarms of CP Group
By: William C. Kirby and Nancy Hua Dai
This case describes the megafarm model launched by the CP group as part of their efforts to ensure the safety and quality of their supply chain of agricultural products (particularly, eggs) in China while also promoting the welfare of Chinese farmers. This model was...
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- May 16, 2016
- Article
Food Safety Economics: The Cost of a Sick Customer
By: Dina Gerdeman and John A. Quelch
Chipotle Mexican Grill’s ongoing struggle to win customers back months after a contaminated food crisis highlights the challenges companies face with keeping food safe.
Chipotle has seen its shares tumble and recently reported its first-ever quarterly loss... View Details
Chipotle has seen its shares tumble and recently reported its first-ever quarterly loss... View Details
Keywords:
Food Safety;
Organic Food;
Supply Chain Management;
Globalization Of Food Business;
Mérieux Nutrisciences: Marketing Food Safety Testing;
Food Safety Modernization Act 2011;
Plant-based Agribusiness;
Transition;
Economic Systems;
Food;
Health;
Supply And Industry;
Logistics;
Practice;
Problems And Challenges;
quality;
safety;
Business Strategy;
Corporate Strategy;
Customization And Personalization;
Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food And Beverage Industry;
Insurance Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
Public Relations Industry;
Retail Industry;
Service Industry;
Mexico;
North America;
United States;
Canada
- 2015
- Working Paper
The Integrity of Private Third-party Compliance Monitoring
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Government agencies are increasingly turning to private, third-party monitors to inspect and assess regulated entities’ compliance with law. The integrity of these regulatory regimes rests on the validity of the information third-party monitors provide to regulators....
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Keywords:
Regulation;
Compliance;
Compliance Policies;
Conflict Of Interest;
Independent Third Party;
Inspection;
Audit Quality;
Auditor;
Audit;
Environment;
Production;
Supply Chain;
quality;
Government Administration;
Working Conditions;
safety;
Labor;
Governing Rules, Regulations, And Reforms;
Governance Compliance;
Manufacturing Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
Accounting Industry;
Service Industry;
United States
- Article
Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing: A Driver for Provider Engagement in Costing Activities and Redesign Initiatives
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Nancy McLaughlin, Michael A. Burke, Nisheeta P. Setlur, Douglas R. Niedzwiecki, Alan L. Kaplan, Christopher Saigal, Aman Mahajan and Neil A. Martin
Object. To date, health care providers have devoted significant efforts to improve performance regarding patient safety and quality of care. To address the lagging involvement of health care providers in the cost component of the value equation, UCLA Health...
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- 2016
- Working Paper
Signaling without Certification: The Critical Role of Civil Society Scrutiny
By: Susan A. Kayser, John W. Maxwell and Michael W. Toffel
In response to stakeholders' growing concerns, companies are joining voluntary environmental programs to signal their superior environmental management capabilities. In contrast to the literature's focus on certification programs that require a third-party audit, we...
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Keywords:
United Nations;
Labor Standards;
Supplier Relationship;
Procurement;
Sustainability;
Sustainability Management;
Quality And Safety;
Risk;
Globalization;
Globalized Markets And Industries;
Governance;
Working Conditions;
Supply Chain Management;
Supply Chain;
Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact;
quality;
Risk And Uncertainty;
safety;
Reputation
- March 2014 (Revised May 2014)
- Case
China Vanke (A-1)
By: Lynn S. Paine, John Macomber and Keith Chi-ho Wong
As China's largest homebuilder, China Vanke Co. Ltd. (Vanke) was facing an industry downturn sparked by strong government intervention. Faced with falling prices, Vanke's president must decide whether to keep the company's pricing and product positioning intact, and...
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