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To think about the purpose of corporations is to think about what corporations are for. In this article, we argue that the concept of a purpose has...
In this paper, I address how the ascendance of the theory of shareholder value maximization into the central consciousness of public corporations and...
- 2021
- Working Paper
How to Fix ESG Reporting
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Investors, advocacy groups, academics, and the 200 CEOs of the US Business Roundtable have asked corporations to take on an added purpose beyond a narrow pursuit of shareholder value. In response, many companies now issue ESG (Environmental, Societal, and Governance)...
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- July 2021
- Case
Mary Kay Inc.: Enriching Women’s Lives while Embracing Change
By: Elie Ofek, K. Shelette Stewart and Julia Kelley
In December 2020, Mary Kay Inc. Chief Marketing Officer Sheryl Adkins-Green considered several strategic dilemmas. Founded in 1963 by Mary Kay Ash, Mary Kay was a direct sales company whose Independent Beauty Consultants purchased its beauty and cosmetics products at...
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Keywords:
Advertising Campaigns;
Demographics;
Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Communications;
Marketing Strategy;
Product Marketing;
Product Positioning;
Social Marketing;
Salesforce Management;
Organizations;
Mission and Purpose;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Innovation and Invention;
Innovation Strategy;
Competition;
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
North and Central America;
United States;
Europe;
Asia;
Texas
- July 2021
- Supplement
Airbnb Emerges from the Pandemic: Lessons for Stakeholder Governance (B)
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Allison M. Ciechanover
As the COVID pandemic spread in early 2020, global travel ground to a halt. For Airbnb, the San Francisco-based platform for renting accommodations, the impact was both swift and severe as revenues plummeted more than 70% over the prior year. Responding to the sudden...
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Keywords:
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Corporate Governance;
Crisis Management;
Leadership;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Mission and Purpose;
Value Creation;
Decision Making;
Goals and Objectives;
Travel Industry;
Tourism Industry;
Service Industry;
United States
- July–August 2021
- Article
SPACs: What You Need to Know
By: Max Bazerman and Paresh Patel
Special purpose acquisition companies, or SPACs, have been around in various forms for decades, but during the past two years they’ve taken off in the United States. In 2019, 59 were created, with $13 billion invested; in 2020, 247 were created, with $80 billion...
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- 2021
- Working Paper
Impact Accounting for Product Use: A Framework and Industry-specific Models
By: George Serafeim and Katie Trinh
This handbook provides the first systematic attempt to generate a framework and industry-specific models for the measurement of impacts on customers and the environment from use of products and services, in monetary terms, that can then be reflected in financial...
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- June 2021
- Teaching Note
Dove and Real Beauty: Building a Brand with Purpose
By: Mark R. Kramer
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-361.
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- June 2021
- Case
Akira Fukabori and Kevin Kajitani at avatarin (A)
By: Linda A. Hill and Emily Tedards
In 2016, Akira Fukabori and Kevin Kajitani, aeronautical engineers at All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd., began to wonder why, in a world of accelerating globalization and digital connectivity, those who lived in far-remote villages or impoverished urban areas could not...
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Keywords:
Agility;
Ecosystem;
Innovation Ecosystems;
Crowdsourcing;
Open Innovation;
Partnership;
Government;
Collaboration;
Co-creation;
Purpose;
Impact;
Social Impact;
Movement;
Organizational Behavior;
Organizational Ambidexterity;
Ambidexterity;
Culture;
Culture Change;
Global Teams;
Experimentation;
Space;
Airline Industry;
Start-up;
Platform Business;
Platform Strategy;
Platform;
Digital;
Robotics;
Robots;
Mobility;
Strategy;
COVID-19;
Intrapreneurship;
Public-private Partnership;
XPRIZE;
Space Industry;
Avatar;
Telepresence;
Innovation Lab;
Innovation and Invention;
Technological Innovation;
Partners and Partnerships;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Alignment;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Diversity;
Organizational Culture;
Change Management;
Entrepreneurship;
Transportation Industry;
Aerospace Industry;
Japan
- June 2021
- Case
Akira Fukabori and Kevin Kajitani at avatarin (A) (Abridged)
By: Linda A. Hill and Emily Tedards
In 2016, Akira Fukabori and Kevin Kajitani, aeronautical engineers at All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd., began to wonder why, in a world of accelerating globalization and digital connectivity, those who lived in far-remote villages or impoverished urban areas could not...
View Details
Keywords:
Agility;
Ecosystem;
Innovation Ecosystems;
Innovation;
Crowdsourcing;
XPRIZE;
Open Innovation;
Partnership;
Government;
Collaboration;
Co-creation;
Purpose;
Impact;
Social Impact;
Movement;
Organizational Behavior;
Organizational Ambidexterity;
Ambidexterity;
Culture;
Culture Change;
Global Teams;
Experimentation;
Space;
Space Industry;
Airline Industry;
Start-up;
Platform Business;
Platform Strategy;
Platform;
Digital;
Robotics;
Robots;
Avatar;
Telepresence;
Innovation Lab;
Mobility;
COVID-19;
Intrapreneurship;
Public-private Partnership;
Innovation and Invention;
Technological Innovation;
Partners and Partnerships;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Alignment;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Diversity;
Organizational Culture;
Change Management;
Strategy;
Entrepreneurship;
Transportation Industry;
Aerospace Industry;
Japan
- 2021
- Article
Designing, Not Checking, for Policy Robustness: An Example with Optimal Taxation
By: Benjamin B. Lockwood, Afras Sial and Matthew C. Weinzierl
Economists typically check the robustness of their results by comparing them across plausible ranges of parameter values and model structures. A preferable approach to robustness—for the purposes of policymaking and evaluation—is to design policy that takes these...
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- May 2021
- Case
Airbnb During the Pandemic: Stakeholder Capitalism Faces a Critical Test
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Allison Ciechanover
As the COVID pandemic spread in early 2020, global travel ground to a halt. For Airbnb, the San Francisco-based platform for renting accommodations, the impact was both swift and severe as revenues plummeted more than 70% over the prior year. Responding to the sudden...
View Details
Keywords:
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Corporate Governance;
Crisis Management;
Leadership;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Mission and Purpose;
Value Creation;
Decision Making;
Goals and Objectives;
Travel Industry;
Tourism Industry;
Service Industry;
United States
- May 2021
- Supplement
Odebrecht's 'Transformation Journey' (B)
By: Lynn S. Paine, Ruth Costas and Pedro Levindo
The case describes how Odebrecht’s board of directors handled the issues raised in the (A) case and continues the story of the Group’s efforts to restore its reputation and return to growth after admitting its role in Latin America’s largest-ever corruption scandal....
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- 2021
- Book
The Heart of Business—Leadership Principles for the Next Era of Capitalism
By: Hubert Joly and Caroline Lambert
A remarkable turnaround by a leader with a remarkable philosophy: Find your noble purpose. Put people at the center. Unleash human magic.
"It was fall in Minnesota. It was getting cold and we were supposed to die." This is how Hubert Joly describes the early,... View Details
"It was fall in Minnesota. It was getting cold and we were supposed to die." This is how Hubert Joly describes the early,... View Details
- May 2021
- Teaching Note
BlackRock: Linking Purpose to Profit
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 120-042
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- April 2021
- Case
SA Taxi (A)
By: Nien-he Hsieh, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha and F. Christopher Eaglin
SA Taxi was a vertically integrated business that operated in South Africa’s distinctive taxi industry. Despite being plagued by violence, informal structures, unsafe road practices and lack of government support, the taxi industry had grown to become South Africa’s...
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- April 2021
- Supplement
SA Taxi (B)
By: Nien-he Hsieh, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha and F. Christopher Eaglin
SA Taxi was a vertically integrated business that operated in South Africa’s distinctive taxi industry. Despite being plagued by violence, informal structures, unsafe road practices and lack of government support, the taxi industry had grown to become South Africa’s...
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- April 2021
- Case
The Mahindra Group: Leading with Purpose
By: Ranjay Gulati and Rachna Tahilyani
India headquartered Mahindra Group is a multibillion-dollar federation of companies operating across the globe. It is ahead of its time in articulating its purpose and mapping its values, something it had first done at inception and then refreshed yet again as ‘Rise’...
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Keywords:
Mission and Purpose;
Organizational Culture;
Change Management;
Communication Strategy;
Family Ownership;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Revenue;
Auto Industry;
Financial Services Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Technology Industry;
Asia;
India;
Mumbai;
South Korea;
Italy;
United States
- April 2021
- Teaching Plan
Nehemiah Mfg. Co.: Providing a Second Chance
By: Brian Trelstad and John Masko
Teaching Plan for HBS Case No. 320-008. In 2009, Dan Meyer and Richard Palmer, two veterans of the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, founded Nehemiah Manufacturing to build FMCG brands while providing jobs to Cincinnati, Ohio’s beleaguered urban core. Two...
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- 2021
- Working Paper
MLS as a Sports Product—The Prominence of the World's Game in the U.S.
By: Stephen A. Greyser and Kenneth Cortsen
The purpose of this Working Paper is to analyze how soccer at the professional level in the U.S., with Major League Soccer as a focal point, has developed over the span of a quarter of a century. It is worthwhile to examine the growth of Major League Soccer (MLS) from...
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- April 2021 (Revised July 2021)
- Case
Public Equities Impact Investing at BlackRock
By: Shawn A. Cole, Vikram S. Gandhi, Michael Norris and John Masko
In early 2021, BlackRock—the world’s largest asset manager with $9 trillion in assets under management (AUM)—sought to become a leader in promoting environmental and social sustainability. Over the previous ten years, CEO Larry Fink had written an annual open letter to...
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Keywords:
Impact Investing;
Renewable Energy;
Climate Change;
Environmental Sustainability;
Equity;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Financial Management;
Investment Funds;
Investment Return;
Mission and Purpose;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Financial Services Industry;
United States
- March 2021 (Revised March 2021)
- Case
Aligning Mission and Margin at Southern Bancorp
By: Rebecca M. Henderson, Brian Trelstad and Eren Kuzucu
In October 2020, after spending almost a decade to turnaround Southern Bancorp, an Arkansan bank founded with the mission to provide financial services to rural, underserved communities, CEO Darrin Williams is wondering how Southern Bancorp should continue to grow....
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