Skip to Main Content
HBS Home
  • About
  • Academic Programs
  • Alumni
  • Faculty & Research
  • Baker Library
  • Giving
  • Harvard Business Review
  • Initiatives
  • News
  • Recruit
  • Map / Directions
Faculty & Research
  • Faculty
  • Research
  • Featured Topics
  • Academic Units
  • …→
  • Harvard Business School→
  • Faculty & Research→
  • Research
    • Research
    • Publications
    • Global Research Centers
    • Case Development
    • Initiatives & Projects
    • Research Services
    • Seminars & Conferences
    →
  • Publications→

Publications

Publications

Filter Results: (55) Arrow Down
Filter Results: (55) Arrow Down Arrow Up

Show Results For

  • All HBS Web  (263)
    • Faculty Publications  (55)

    Show Results For

    • All HBS Web  (263)
      • Faculty Publications  (55)

      PunishmentRemove Punishment →

      Page 1 of 55 Results →

      Are you looking for?

      →Search All HBS Web
      • February 14, 2025
      • Editorial

      Punishing Military Officers for Political Reasons Endangers Our Troops and Threatens National Security

      By: Louis Caldera, George Casey, Sean O'Keefe, Steve Abbot and Thad Allen
      Citation
      Read Now
      Related
      Caldera, Louis, George Casey, Sean O'Keefe, Steve Abbot, and Thad Allen. "Punishing Military Officers for Political Reasons Endangers Our Troops and Threatens National Security." Military.com (February 14, 2025).
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Anti-Political-Establishment Citizens: An In-Depth Study from Two Latin American Countries

      By: Loreto Cox and Natalia Garbiras-Diaz
      Building on citizens’ animosity towards politicians, anti-establishment parties and candidates have achieved significant electoral success. While recent studies examine the supply-side, we know little about what drives citizens’ anti-establishment sentiments and how... View Details
      Keywords: Political Parties; Political Instability; Democracy; Elections; Electoral Behavior; Election Outcomes; Ideology; Political Elections; Policy; Governance; Government and Politics; Social Issues; Society; Perception; Crime and Corruption; Latin America; South America; Colombia; Peru
      Citation
      Read Now
      Related
      Cox, Loreto, and Natalia Garbiras-Diaz. "Anti-Political-Establishment Citizens: An In-Depth Study from Two Latin American Countries." Working Paper, July 2024.
      • July 11, 2023
      • Article

      How Reputation Does (and Does Not) Drive People to Punish Without Looking

      By: Jillian J. Jordan and Nour S. Kteily
      Punishing wrongdoers can confer reputational benefits, and people sometimes punish without careful consideration. But are these observations related? Does reputation drive people to people to “punish without looking”? And if so, is this because unquestioning... View Details
      Keywords: Opposing Perspectives; Outrage Culture; Signaling; Ideology; Moralistic Punishment; Perspective; Behavior; Reputation; Decision Making
      Citation
      Read Now
      Related
      Jordan, Jillian J., and Nour S. Kteily. "How Reputation Does (and Does Not) Drive People to Punish Without Looking." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120, no. 28 (July 11, 2023).
      • May 2023
      • Article

      Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties

      By: Wei Cai, Susanna Gallani and Jee-Eun Shin
      We examine the incentive effects of subjectivity in allocating tournament-based rewards and punishments. We use data from a company where reward and punishment decisions are based on a combination of objective metrics and subjective performance assessments. Rankings... View Details
      Keywords: Subjectivity; Tournament-based Incentives; Rewards; Penalties; Expectancy Theory; Employees; Compensation and Benefits; Management; Decisions; Performance; Measurement and Metrics
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Read Now
      Related
      Cai, Wei, Susanna Gallani, and Jee-Eun Shin. "Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties." Management Science 69, no. 5 (May 2023): 3121–3139.
      • December 2022
      • Article

      Scarlet Letters: Rehabilitation Through Transgression Transparency and Personal Narrative Control

      By: Erin L. Frey, Ethan Bernstein and Nick Rekenthaler
      When employees commit transgressions, organizations often use tools of organizational control to prevent them from transgressing again. We investigate whether organizations can use transgression transparency to rehabilitate transgressors. Although making transgressions... View Details
      Keywords: Transparency; Workplace; Transgressions; Qualitative Research; Management Practices and Processes; Organizations; Employees; Reputation; Communication
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Purchase
      Related
      Frey, Erin L., Ethan Bernstein, and Nick Rekenthaler. "Scarlet Letters: Rehabilitation Through Transgression Transparency and Personal Narrative Control." Administrative Science Quarterly 67, no. 4 (December 2022): 968–1011. (The first two authors contributed equally to this manuscript.)
      • July 2022
      • Article

      When Alterations Are Violations: Moral Outrage and Punishment in Response to (Even Minor) Alterations to Rituals

      By: Daniel H. Stein, Juliana Schroeder, Nicholas M. Hobson, Francesca Gino and Michael I. Norton
      From Catholics performing the sign of the cross since the 4th century to Americans reciting the Pledge of Allegiance since the 1890s, group rituals (i.e., predefined sequences of symbolic actions) have strikingly consistent features over time. Seven studies (N = 4,213)... View Details
      Keywords: Ritual; Morality; Groups; Norms; Commitment; Groups and Teams; Values and Beliefs; Change; Moral Sensibility; Behavior
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Read Now
      Related
      Stein, Daniel H., Juliana Schroeder, Nicholas M. Hobson, Francesca Gino, and Michael I. Norton. "When Alterations Are Violations: Moral Outrage and Punishment in Response to (Even Minor) Alterations to Rituals." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 123, no. 1 (July 2022): 123–153.
      • May 2022
      • Article

      When Harry Fired Sally: The Double Standard in Punishing Misconduct

      By: Mark Egan, Gregor Matvos and Amit Seru
      We examine gender differences in misconduct punishment in the financial advisory industry. We find evidence of a “gender punishment gap”: following an incident of misconduct, female advisers are 20% more likely to lose their jobs and 30% less likely to find new jobs... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Advisers; Brokers; Gender Discrimination; Consumer Finance; Financial Misconduct And Fraud; FINRA; Financial Institutions; Employees; Crime and Corruption; Gender; Prejudice and Bias; Personal Finance; Financial Services Industry
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Read Now
      Related
      Egan, Mark, Gregor Matvos, and Amit Seru. "When Harry Fired Sally: The Double Standard in Punishing Misconduct." Journal of Political Economy 130, no. 5 (May 2022): 1184–1248.
      • 2022
      • Book

      Legacy of Violence: A History of the British Empire

      By: Caroline M. Elkins
      Sprawling across a quarter of the world’s land mass and claiming nearly seven hundred million people, Britain’s twentieth-century empire was the largest empire in human history. For many Britons, it epitomized their nation’s cultural superiority, but what legacy did... View Details
      Keywords: Imperialism; Violence; Colonialism; History; Government and Politics; Power and Influence; Race; Policy; United Kingdom
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Purchase
      Related
      Elkins, Caroline M. Legacy of Violence: A History of the British Empire. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2022.
      • October 15, 2021
      • Article

      Virtuous Victims

      By: Jillian J. Jordan and Maryam Kouchaki
      How do people perceive the moral character of victims? We find, across a range of transgressions, that people frequently see victims of wrongdoing as more moral than non-victims who have behaved identically. Across 15 experiments (total n = 9,355), we document this... View Details
      Keywords: Moral Judgment; Restorative Justice; Punishment; Compensation; Person Perception; Moral Sensibility; Judgments; Perception
      Citation
      Read Now
      Related
      Jordan, Jillian J., and Maryam Kouchaki. "Virtuous Victims." Science Advances 7, no. 42 (October 15, 2021).
      • 15 Jul 2021
      • Interview

      The Secret to Building a Higher-Performing Company—Amy Edmondson

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Jason Marc Campbell
      Research shows that organizations with higher levels of psychological safety perform better on almost any metric or KPI than organizations with a low psychological safety score. Psychological safety is "a belief that one will not be punished or humiliated for speaking... View Details
      Keywords: Psychological Safety; Organizations; Performance Effectiveness; Leadership
      Citation
      Related
      "The Secret to Building a Higher-Performing Company—Amy Edmondson." Selling with Love (podcast), July 15, 2021. (Formerly Superhumans at Work.)
      • July 2021
      • Article

      Consumers—Especially Women—Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher Gender Pay Gaps

      By: Tobias Schlager, Bhavya Mohan, Katherine DeCelles and Michael I. Norton
      We document a unique driver of consumer behavior: the public disclosure of a firm’s gender pay gap. Four experiments provide causal evidence that when firms are revealed to have gender pay gaps, consumers are less willing to pay for their goods, a reaction driven by... View Details
      Keywords: Pay Gap; Perceived Wage Fairness; Purchase Intention; Gender; Wages; Fairness; Perception; Consumer Behavior
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Related
      Schlager, Tobias, Bhavya Mohan, Katherine DeCelles, and Michael I. Norton. "Consumers—Especially Women—Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher Gender Pay Gaps." Special Issue on Consumer Psychology for the Greater Good. Journal of Consumer Psychology 31, no. 3 (July 2021): 518–531.
      • July 2021
      • Article

      Invisible Inequality Leads to Punishing the Poor and Rewarding the Rich

      By: Oliver P. Hauser, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, David Rand, Martin A. Nowak and Michael I. Norton
      Four experiments examine how the lack of awareness of inequality affects behaviour towards the rich and poor. In Experiment 1, participants who became aware that wealthy individuals donated a smaller percentage of their income switched from rewarding the wealthy to... View Details
      Keywords: Income Transparency; Income; Wealth; Equality and Inequality; Knowledge; Behavior; Outcome or Result; Society; Policy
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Read Now
      Purchase
      Related
      Hauser, Oliver P., Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, David Rand, Martin A. Nowak, and Michael I. Norton. "Invisible Inequality Leads to Punishing the Poor and Rewarding the Rich." Behavioural Public Policy 5, no. 3 (July 2021): 333–353.
      • Article

      Is ‘Not Guilty’ the Same as ‘Innocent’? Evidence from SEC Financial Fraud Investigations

      By: Eugene F. Soltes and David H. Solomon
      When the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) investigates firms for financial fraud, investors learn about the investigation only if managers disclose it, or regulators sanction the firm. We investigate the effects of such disclosures using confidential records on... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Fraud; Corporate Disclosure; Performance; Outcome or Result
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Register to Read
      Related
      Soltes, Eugene F., and David H. Solomon. "Is ‘Not Guilty’ the Same as ‘Innocent’? Evidence from SEC Financial Fraud Investigations." Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 18, no. 2 (June 2021): 287–327.
      • January 11, 2021
      • Article

      The Breach of the U.S. Capitol Was a Breach of Trust

      By: Sandra J. Sucher and Shalene Gupta
      This article frames the January 6th attack of the U.S. Capitol as a betrayal of our trust in government. Using Sucher and Gupta’s trust framework, the article explains how the attacks were a failure of the four elements of trust: competence, motives, fair means, and... View Details
      Keywords: Violence; Trust; Government and Politics
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Register to Read
      Related
      Sucher, Sandra J., and Shalene Gupta. "The Breach of the U.S. Capitol Was a Breach of Trust." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (January 11, 2021).
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19

      By: Bhavya Mohan, Serena Hagerty and Michael Norton
      Two experiments, including one incentive compatible study, examine the impact of cutting pay for executives versus employees in response to COVID-19 on consumer behavior. Study 1 explores the effect of announcing cuts or no cuts to CEO and employee pay, and shows that... View Details
      Keywords: Employee Furloughs; CEO Pay Cuts; Pay Ratios; Purchase Intention; Health Pandemics; Employees; Wages; Executive Compensation; Consumer Behavior
      Citation
      SSRN
      Read Now
      Related
      Mohan, Bhavya, Serena Hagerty, and Michael Norton. "Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-020, August 2020.
      • Article

      Signaling When Nobody Is Watching: A Reputation Heuristics Account of Outrage and Punishment in One-shot Anonymous Interactions

      By: Jillian J. Jordan and David G. Rand
      Moralistic punishment can confer reputation benefits by signaling trustworthiness to observers. However, why do people punish even when nobody is watching? We argue that people often rely on the heuristic that reputation is typically at stake, such that reputation... View Details
      Keywords: Signaling; Morality; Trustworthiness; Anger; Third-party Punishment; Moral Sensibility; Behavior; Trust; Reputation
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Purchase
      Related
      Jordan, Jillian J., and David G. Rand. "Signaling When Nobody Is Watching: A Reputation Heuristics Account of Outrage and Punishment in One-shot Anonymous Interactions." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 118, no. 1 (January 2020).
      • December 2019
      • Article

      When Do We Punish People Who Don't?

      By: Justin W. Martin, Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand and Fiery Cushman
      People often punish norm violations. In what cases is such punishment viewed as normative—a behavior that we “should”or even“must”engage in? We approach this question by asking when people who fail to punish a norm violator are, themselves, punished. (For instance, a... View Details
      Keywords: Punishment; Norms; Cooperation; Societal Protocols; Adaptation
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Read Now
      Related
      Martin, Justin W., Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand, and Fiery Cushman. "When Do We Punish People Who Don't?" Cognition 193 (December 2019).
      • January 2019
      • Technical Note

      The Punishment of Business

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Jose Liberti and James Weber
      Citation
      Educators
      Purchase
      Related
      Di Tella, Rafael, Jose Liberti, and James Weber. "The Punishment of Business." Harvard Business School Technical Note 719-048, January 2019.
      • September–October 2018
      • Article

      Online MAP Enforcement: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment

      By: Ayelet Israeli
      This paper investigates a manufacturer’s ability to influence compliance rates among its authorized online retailers by exploiting changes in the Minimum Advertised Price (MAP) policy and in dealer agreements. MAP is a pricing policy widely used by manufacturers to... View Details
      Keywords: Pricing Policies; Pricing; Channel Management; Legal Aspects Of Business; Retail; Price; Policy; Governance Compliance; Distribution Channels; Management; Retail Industry
      Citation
      Find at Harvard
      Purchase
      Related
      Israeli, Ayelet. "Online MAP Enforcement: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment." Marketing Science 37, no. 5 (September–October 2018): 710–732.
      • Article

      Third-Party Punishment as a Costly Signal of High Continuation Probabilities in Repeated Games

      By: Jillian J. Jordan and David G. Rand
      Why do individuals pay costs to punish selfish behavior, even as third-party observers? A large body of research suggests that reputation plays an important role in motivating such third-party punishment (TPP). Here we focus on a recently proposed reputation-based... View Details
      Keywords: Direct Reciprocity; Evolution; Dispersal; Cooperation; Trust; Reputation; Game Theory
      Citation
      Read Now
      Related
      Jordan, Jillian J., and David G. Rand. "Third-Party Punishment as a Costly Signal of High Continuation Probabilities in Repeated Games." Journal of Theoretical Biology 421 (May 21, 2017): 189–202.
      • 1
      • 2
      • 3
      • →

      Are you looking for?

      →Search All HBS Web
      ǁ
      Campus Map
      Harvard Business School
      Soldiers Field
      Boston, MA 02163
      →Map & Directions
      →More Contact Information
      • Make a Gift
      • Site Map
      • Jobs
      • Harvard University
      • Trademarks
      • Policies
      • Accessibility
      • Digital Accessibility
      Copyright © President & Fellows of Harvard College.