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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (2,397)
      • Faculty Publications  (384)

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      • 2023
      • Article

      Probabilistically Robust Recourse: Navigating the Trade-offs between Costs and Robustness in Algorithmic Recourse

      By: Martin Pawelczyk, Teresa Datta, Johannes van-den-Heuvel, Gjergji Kasneci and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      As machine learning models are increasingly being employed to make consequential decisions in real-world settings, it becomes critical to ensure that individuals who are adversely impacted (e.g., loan denied) by the predictions of these models are provided with a means...  View Details
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      Pawelczyk, Martin, Teresa Datta, Johannes van-den-Heuvel, Gjergji Kasneci, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Probabilistically Robust Recourse: Navigating the Trade-offs between Costs and Robustness in Algorithmic Recourse." International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) (2023).
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Life After Death: A Field Experiment with Small Businesses on Information Frictions, Stigma, and Bankruptcy

      By: Shai Benjamin Bernstein, Emanuele Colonnelli, Mitchell Hoffman and Benjamin Iverson
      In an randomized control trial (RCT) with U.S. small businesses, we document that a large share of firms are not well-informed about bankruptcy. Many assume that bankruptcy necessarily entails the death of a business and do not know about Chapter 11 bankruptcy, where...  View Details
      Keywords: Small Business; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Knowledge Dissemination; Outcome or Result
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      Bernstein, Shai Benjamin, Emanuele Colonnelli, Mitchell Hoffman, and Benjamin Iverson. "Life After Death: A Field Experiment with Small Businesses on Information Frictions, Stigma, and Bankruptcy." Working Paper, January 2023.
      • December 8, 2022
      • Article

      What Companies Still Get Wrong about Layoffs

      By: Sandra J. Sucher and Marilyn Morgan Westner
      Research has long shown that layoffs have a detrimental effect on individuals and on corporate performance. The short-term cost savings provided by a layoff are often overshadowed by bad publicity, loss of knowledge, weakened engagement, higher voluntary turnover, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Resignation and Termination; Employment; Selection and Staffing; Performance
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      Sucher, Sandra J., and Marilyn Morgan Westner. "What Companies Still Get Wrong about Layoffs." Harvard Business Review (website) (December 8, 2022).
      • October 2022
      • Case

      Sustainable Finance at Itau BBA

      By: George Serafeim, Maria Loumioti and Benjamin Maletta
      As of August 2022, the Itau BBA had structured dozens of sustainability linked bonds, which made future interest payments a function of the borrower meeting a target for a sustainability metric, and had solidified its reputation as a pioneer of sustainable finance in...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainable Finance; Corporate Social Responsibility; Environmental Sustainability; Growth Strategy; Debt Contracting; Performance Metrics; Risk Assessment; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Financial Instruments; Risk Management; Debt Securities; Measurement and Metrics; Banking Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry; Latin America
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      Serafeim, George, Maria Loumioti, and Benjamin Maletta. "Sustainable Finance at Itau BBA." Harvard Business School Case 123-036, October 2022.
      • October 2022
      • Case

      Masdar City: Aiming for Sustainable and Profitable Real Estate

      By: Boris Vallee and Fares Khrais
      Masdar City broke ground in 2008 and was conceived by the Abu Dhabi government to be an international beacon of innovation in sustainable energy and real estate. It was also to be a profitable investment for the government. At first glance, the two goals pulled in...  View Details
      Keywords: Analysis; Green Building; Business Growth And Maturation; Decisions; Public Sector; Financial Crisis; Construction; Climate Change; Green Technology; Borrowing And Debt; Corporate Finance; Capital; Capital Budgeting; Capital Structure; Cost Of Capital; Equity; REIT; Financial Management; Financial Strategy; Initial Public Offering; Innovation; Growth And Development Strategy; Emerging Markets; Urban Development; Middle East; United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Cities; Green Buildings; Business and Government Relations; Decision Choices and Conditions; Financing and Loans; Real Estate Industry; Construction Industry; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; Abu Dhabi
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      Vallee, Boris, and Fares Khrais. "Masdar City: Aiming for Sustainable and Profitable Real Estate." Harvard Business School Case 223-036, October 2022.
      • June 2022
      • Article

      A New Initiative to Track HIV Resource Allocation and Costs

      By: Ryan McBain, AK Nandakumar, Michael Ruffner, Carlyn Mann, Mai Hijazi, Susanna Baker, Linden Morrison, Kalipso Chalkidou, Shufang Zhang, Iris Semini, Fern Terris-Prestholt, Steven Forsythe, Sarah Byakika, Joshua Musinguzi and Robert S. Kaplan
      In early 2020, several global health institutions – including the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); United States Agency for International Development; and Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator at...  View Details
      Keywords: Activity Based Costing; HIV; Cost; Health Care; Healthcare; Health Care and Treatment; Activity Based Costing and Management; Resource Allocation; Health Industry; Africa
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      McBain, Ryan, AK Nandakumar, Michael Ruffner, Carlyn Mann, Mai Hijazi, Susanna Baker, Linden Morrison, Kalipso Chalkidou, Shufang Zhang, Iris Semini, Fern Terris-Prestholt, Steven Forsythe, Sarah Byakika, Joshua Musinguzi, and Robert S. Kaplan. "A New Initiative to Track HIV Resource Allocation and Costs." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 100, no. 6 (June 2022): 358–358A.
      • September 2022
      • Background Note

      On CUE: The Quest for Optimal Customer Unit Economics

      By: Elie Ofek, Barak Libai and Eitan Muller
      Startups are often evaluated by how well they perform on unit economics, defined as the ratio of a customer’s lifetime value (LTV) to acquisition costs (CAC). A common target for unit economics, advocated by many VCs and analysts, is 3:1 (i.e., LTV/CAC=3). While there...  View Details
      Keywords: Unit Economics; Business Startups; Performance Evaluation; Customer Value and Value Chain; Customer Relationship Management; Analysis
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      Ofek, Elie, Barak Libai, and Eitan Muller. "On CUE: The Quest for Optimal Customer Unit Economics." Harvard Business School Background Note 523-050, September 2022.
      • September 2022
      • Article

      Experimentation and Startup Performance: Evidence from A/B Testing

      By: Rembrand Koning, Sharique Hasan and Aaron Chatterji
      Recent scholarship has argued that experimentation should be the organizing principle for entrepreneurial strategy. Experimentation leads to organizational learning, which drives improvements in firm performance. We investigate this proposition by exploiting the...  View Details
      Keywords: Experimentation; A/B Testing; Data-driven Decision-making; Organizational Learning; Entrepreneurship; Strategy; Business Startups; Learning; Performance; Decision Making
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      Koning, Rembrand, Sharique Hasan, and Aaron Chatterji. "Experimentation and Startup Performance: Evidence from A/B Testing." Management Science 68, no. 9 (September 2022): 6434–6453.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Rapid Growth of Remote Patient Monitoring Is Driven by a Small Number of Primary Care Providers

      By: Mitchell Tang, Ateev Mehrotra and Ariel Dora Stern
      Growing enthusiasm for remote patient monitoring has been motivated by the hope that it can improve care for patients with poorly controlled chronic illness. In a national commercially insured population in the U.S., we found that billing for remote patient monitoring...  View Details
      Keywords: Remote Monitoring; Medical Billing; Health Care Costs; Telehealth; Diabetes; Chronic Disease; Insurance Claims; Diseases; Primary Care Providers; COVID-19 Pandemic; Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Cost; Health Industry; United States
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      Tang, Mitchell, Ateev Mehrotra, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Rapid Growth of Remote Patient Monitoring Is Driven by a Small Number of Primary Care Providers." Health Affairs 41, no. 9 (2022): 1248–1254.
      • August, 2022
      • Article

      Billing and Insurance-Related Administrative Costs: A Cross-National Analysis

      By: Barak D. Richman, Robert S. Kaplan, Japees Kohli, Dennis Purcell, Mahek Shah, Igna Bonfrer, Brian Golden, Rosemary Hannam, Will Mitchell, Daniel Cehic, Garry Crispin and Kevin A. Schulman
      Billing and insurance-related costs are a significant source of wasteful health care spending in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development nations, but these administrative burdens vary across national systems. We executed a microlevel accounting of these...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care Costs; Administrative Costs; Cost; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry
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      Richman, Barak D., Robert S. Kaplan, Japees Kohli, Dennis Purcell, Mahek Shah, Igna Bonfrer, Brian Golden, Rosemary Hannam, Will Mitchell, Daniel Cehic, Garry Crispin, and Kevin A. Schulman. "Billing and Insurance-Related Administrative Costs: A Cross-National Analysis." Health Affairs 41, no. 8 (August, 2022): 1098–1106.
      • August 2022
      • Article

      Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions

      By: Alexander MacKay
      The optimal duration of a supply contract balances the costs of reselecting a supplier against the costs of being matched to an inefficient supplier when the contract lasts too long. I develop a structural model of contract duration that captures this tradeoff and...  View Details
      Keywords: Supply Contracts; Intermediate Goods; Switching Costs; Vertical Relationships; Transaction Costs; Contract Duration; Identification; Supply Chain; Cost; Contracts; Auctions; Mathematical Methods
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      MacKay, Alexander. "Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 14, no. 3 (August 2022): 164–212.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Banking on Transparency for the Poor: Experimental Evidence from India

      By: Erica M. Field, Natalia Rigol, Charity M. Troyer Moore, Rohini Pande and Simone G. Schaner
      Do information frictions limit the benefits of financial inclusion drives for the rural poor? We evaluate an experimental intervention among recently banked poor Indian women receiving government cash transfers via direct deposit. Treated women were provided automated...  View Details
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      Field, Erica M., Natalia Rigol, Charity M. Troyer Moore, Rohini Pande, and Simone G. Schaner. "Banking on Transparency for the Poor: Experimental Evidence from India." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30289, July 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Supplement

      Maestro Pizza (B): The Competition Awakens

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
      Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2013 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...  View Details
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Competition; Market Entry and Exit; Emerging Markets; Business Startups; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Product Positioning; Disruption; Disruptive Innovation; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Social Media; Forecasting and Prediction; Crisis Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Product Development; Production; Service Delivery; Business Growth and Maturation; Financial Statements; Cost Management; Analysis; Quality; Performance Consistency; Customer Satisfaction; Profit; Family Ownership; Food and Beverage Industry; Saudi Arabia; Middle East
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Fares Khrais. "Maestro Pizza (B): The Competition Awakens." Harvard Business School Supplement 722-400, May 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Supplement

      Maestro Pizza (C): Taking the Fight Outside

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
      Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2013 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...  View Details
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Competition; Market Entry and Exit; Emerging Markets; Business Startups; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Product Positioning; Disruption; Disruptive Innovation; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Social Media; Forecasting and Prediction; Crisis Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Product Development; Production; Service Delivery; Business Growth and Maturation; Financial Statements; Cost Management; Analysis; Quality; Performance Consistency; Customer Satisfaction; Profit; Family Ownership; Food and Beverage Industry; Middle East; Saudi Arabia
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Fares Khrais. "Maestro Pizza (C): Taking the Fight Outside." Harvard Business School Supplement 722-401, May 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Case

      Maestro Pizza: Coming in Hot!

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
      Maestro Pizza opened its first store in 2013 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...  View Details
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Competition; Market Entry and Exit; Emerging Markets; Business Startups; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Product Positioning; Disruption; Disruptive Innovation; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Social Media; Forecasting and Prediction; Crisis Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Product Development; Production; Service Delivery; Business Growth and Maturation; Financial Statements; Cost Management; Analysis; Quality; Performance Consistency; Customer Satisfaction; Profit; Family Ownership; Food and Beverage Industry; Middle East; Saudi Arabia
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Fares Khrais. "Maestro Pizza: Coming in Hot!" Harvard Business School Case 722-399, May 2022.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Lessons Learned from Support to Business during COVID-19

      By: Gabriel Chodorow-Reich, Benjamin Iverson and Adi Sunderam
      The authors survey the new federal subsidies and loans provided to businesses in the first year of the pandemic—including the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program, and aid targeted at specific industries such as airlines...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Small Business; Government Legislation; Policy
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      Chodorow-Reich, Gabriel, Benjamin Iverson, and Adi Sunderam. "Lessons Learned from Support to Business during COVID-19." Chap. 4 in Recession Remedies: Lessons Learned from the U.S. Economic Policy Response to COVID-19, edited by Wendy Edelberg, Louise Sheiner, and David Wessel, 123–162. Brookings Institution Press, 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers

      By: Magie Cheng and Shunyuan Zhang
      The growth of the influencer marketing industry warrants an empirical examination of the effect of posting sponsored videos on an influencer’s reputation. We collect a novel dataset of user-generated YouTube videos created by prominent English-speaking influencers in...  View Details
      Keywords: Influencer Marketing; Social Influencers; Brand; Sponsorship; Video Analytics; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Media; Reputation
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      Cheng, Magie, and Shunyuan Zhang. "Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-067, April 2022.
      • Article

      We Need Better Carbon Accounting. Here's How to Get There.

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
      Any effective system of greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting needs to measure each company’s supply-chain carbon impacts accurately. Such information would provide visibility and incentives for the company to make more climate-friendly product-specification and purchasing...  View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; GHG; Carbon Accounting; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Supply Chain
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "We Need Better Carbon Accounting. Here's How to Get There." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 12, 2022).
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Can Evidence-Based Information Shift Preferences Towards Trade Policy?

      By: Laura Alfaro, Maggie X. Chen and Davin Chor
      We investigate the role of evidence-based information in shaping individuals' preferences for trade policies, through a series of survey experiments that contain randomized information treatments. Each treatment provides a concise statement of economics research...  View Details
      Keywords: Evidence; Preference; Trade Policy; Information; Trade; Policy; Attitudes
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      Alfaro, Laura, Maggie X. Chen, and Davin Chor. "Can Evidence-Based Information Shift Preferences Towards Trade Policy?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-062, March 2022. (Revised September 2022.)
      • March 2022
      • Teaching Note

      Digital Manufacturing at Amgen

      By: Shane Greenstein, Kyle R. Myers and Sarah Mehta
      This teaching note provides guidance for instructors teaching “Digital Manufacturing at Amgen,” case no. 621-008.  View Details
      Keywords: Change; Change Management; Decision Making; Cost vs Benefits; Decisions; Information Technology; Analytics and Data Science; Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Jobs and Positions; Knowledge; Leadership; Organizational Culture; Science; Strategy; Technology Adoption; Biotechnology Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; California; Puerto Rico; Rhode Island
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      Greenstein, Shane, Kyle R. Myers, and Sarah Mehta. "Digital Manufacturing at Amgen." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 622-013, March 2022.
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