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- October 2022
- Case
Afrigen Biologics: Vaccines for the Global South
By: Debora L. Spar and Julia Comeau
The majority of vaccines used on the continent of Africa (99%) are produced offshore. This makes African nations reliant on the West for major health care needs, a problem which was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Afrigen Biologics (in partnership with the WHO)...
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- August 3, 2022
- Article
Why NFT Creators Are Going cc0
Strategies for building brands, communities, and content through intellectual property (IP) vary greatly across NFT projects. Some maintain more or less standard IP protections; others give just NFT owners rights to innovate upon the associated intellectual property;...
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Keywords:
Non-fungible Tokens;
NFTs;
Video Games;
Merchandising;
Creative Commons;
Intellectual Property
Flashrekt, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Why NFT Creators Are Going cc0." a16zcrypto.com (August 3, 2022).
- February 2022 (Revised September 2022)
- Case
InstaDeep: AI Innovation Born in Africa (A)
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Esel Çekin
Karim Beguir and Zohra Slim were the co-founders of InstaDeep, a deep tech startup focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) solutions. Instadeep was one of the few companies globally that were partnering with DeepMind, an AI subsidiary of Google [Alphabet Inc.]....
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Keywords:
AI;
Artificial Intelligence;
Entrepreneurship;
Operations;
Business Subsidiaries;
Brands and Branding;
Innovation and Invention;
Growth and Development Strategy;
AI and Machine Learning;
Technology Industry;
Africa
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Esel Çekin. "InstaDeep: AI Innovation Born in Africa (A)." Harvard Business School Case 822-104, February 2022. (Revised September 2022.)
- February 2022 (Revised July 2022)
- Supplement
InstaDeep: AI Innovation Born in Africa (B)
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Esel Çekin
Karim Beguir and Zohra Slim were the co-founders of InstaDeep, a deep tech startup focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) solutions. Instadeep was one of the few companies globally that were partnering with DeepMind, an AI subsidiary of Google [Alphabet Inc.]....
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Keywords:
AI;
Artificial Intelligence;
Entrepreneurship;
Operations;
Business Subsidiaries;
Brands and Branding;
Innovation and Invention;
Growth and Development Strategy;
AI and Machine Learning;
Technology Industry;
Africa
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Esel Çekin. "InstaDeep: AI Innovation Born in Africa (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 822-105, February 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era
By: Laura Alfaro, Cathy Bao, Maggie X. Chen, Junjie Hong and Claudia Steinwender
We investigate how firms and markets adapt to trademark protection, an extensively used
but under-examined form of IP protection to address asymmetric information, by exploring
a historical precedent: China’s trademark law of 1923. Exploiting unique, newly...
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Keywords:
Trademark;
Firm Dynamics;
Intermediaries;
Intellectual Property Institutions;
Trademarks;
Intellectual Property;
Laws and Statutes;
Outcome or Result;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
China
Alfaro, Laura, Cathy Bao, Maggie X. Chen, Junjie Hong, and Claudia Steinwender. "Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-030, November 2021. (Revised November 2022. Revise and Resubmit American Economic Review.)
- May 2021
- Case
Inclusive Innovation at Mass General Brigham
By: Katherine Baldiga Coffman and Olivia Hull
Massachusetts General Brigham (MGB) Chief Innovation Officer Christopher Coburn had overseen a period of exciting transformation and growth in healthcare innovation at MGB. In November 2019, the health system was the largest recipient of National Institutes of Health...
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Keywords:
Inclusion;
Innovation;
Invention;
Gender;
Business Startups;
Investment Funds;
Private Equity;
Health Care and Treatment;
Innovation Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Intellectual Property;
Copyright;
Patents;
Research;
Research and Development;
Diversification;
Technology;
Health Industry;
Massachusetts;
Boston
Coffman, Katherine Baldiga, and Olivia Hull. "Inclusive Innovation at Mass General Brigham." Harvard Business School Case 921-006, May 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Property Rights and Urban Form
By: Simeon Djankov, Edward L. Glaeser, Valeria Perotti and Andrei Shleifer
How do the different elements in the standard bundle of property rights, including those of possession and transfer, influence the shape of cities? This paper incorporates insecure property rights into a standard model of urban land prices and density, and makes...
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Djankov, Simeon, Edward L. Glaeser, Valeria Perotti, and Andrei Shleifer. "Property Rights and Urban Form." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28793, May 2021.
- March 2021
- Supplement
Sky Deutschland Analysis: Results
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Sascha L. Schmidt, Renate Imoberdorf and Sebastian Koppers
Carsten Schmidt, CEO of Sky Deutschland, needs to prepare for the auction of German soccer rights. Much was at stake. Not only was soccer the most widely watched sport in Germany, the company had long advertised that only Sky showed “every game, every goal.” In...
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- March 2021
- Case
Sky Deutschland - Bidding for Sports Rights (A)
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Sascha L. Schmidt, Renate Imoberdorf and Sebastian Koppers
Carsten Schmidt, CEO of Sky Deutschland, needs to prepare for the auction of German soccer rights. Much was at stake. Not only was soccer the most widely watched sport in Germany, the company had long advertised that only Sky showed “every game, every goal.” In...
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Keywords:
Sports;
Entertainment;
Television Entertainment;
Intellectual Property;
Auctions;
Bids and Bidding;
Sports Industry;
Media and Broadcasting Industry;
Germany
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, Sascha L. Schmidt, Renate Imoberdorf, and Sebastian Koppers. "Sky Deutschland - Bidding for Sports Rights (A)." Harvard Business School Case 721-440, March 2021.
- March 2021
- Supplement
Sky Deutschland - Bidding for Sports Rights (B)
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Sascha L. Schmidt and Sebastian Koppers
Carsten Schmidt, CEO of Sky Deutschland, needs to prepare for the auction of German soccer rights. Much was at stake. Not only was soccer the most widely watched sport in Germany, the company had long advertised that only Sky showed “every game, every goal.” In...
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Keywords:
Sports;
Entertainment;
Television Entertainment;
Intellectual Property;
Auctions;
Bids and Bidding;
Sports Industry;
Media and Broadcasting Industry;
Germany
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, Sascha L. Schmidt, and Sebastian Koppers. "Sky Deutschland - Bidding for Sports Rights (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 721-441, March 2021.
- February 2020
- Case
Seso Global: Building a Blockchain-enabled Property Marketplace in Nigeria
By: Boris Vallee and Yang (Dolly) Yu
The mutual aspiration of addressing the housing shortage and improving real estate market efficiency led Daniel and Phillip to co-found Seso Global in 2017. Seso Global developed a unique integrated platform to streamline and rationalize the process of acquiring and...
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Keywords:
Fintech;
Blockchain;
Developing Markets;
Entrepreneurial Management;
Financing and Loans;
Internet and the Web;
Business Model;
Property;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Real Estate Industry;
Africa;
Nigeria
Vallee, Boris, and Yang (Dolly) Yu. "Seso Global: Building a Blockchain-enabled Property Marketplace in Nigeria." Harvard Business School Case 220-055, February 2020.
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 17 The Wintel Standards-based Platform
The purpose of this chapter is to use the theory of bottlenecks laid out in previous chapters to better understand the dynamics of an open standards-based platform. I describe how the Wintel platform evolved from 1990 through 2000 under joint sponsorship of Intel and...
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Keywords:
Open Platforms;
Bottlenecks;
Wintel Platform;
Disintermediation;
Information Infrastructure;
Applications and Software;
Business History;
Digital Platforms;
Computer Industry
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 17 The Wintel Standards-based Platform." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-055, November 2019.
- August 2019
- Case
Twiggle: E-commerce with Semantic Search
By: Shane Greenstein and Danielle Golan
Four years after being founded, in 2014, by former Google executives Amir Konigsberg (CEO) and Adi Avidor (CTO), Twiggle had developed a search enhancement that plugged into an online merchant’s existing framework. The company utilized advanced structuring and...
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Keywords:
Search Technology;
Customer Acquisition;
Internet and the Web;
Technological Innovation;
Commercialization;
Growth and Development Strategy;
E-commerce;
Technology Industry;
Israel
Greenstein, Shane, and Danielle Golan. "Twiggle: E-commerce with Semantic Search." Harvard Business School Case 620-025, August 2019.
- 2019
- Chapter
A Claim to Own Productive Property
By: Nien-hê Hsieh
BOOK ABSTRACT: The status of economic liberties remains a serious lacuna in the theory and practice of human rights. Should a minimally just society protect the freedoms to sell, save, profit, and invest? Is being prohibited to run a business a human rights violation?...
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Hsieh, Nien-hê. "A Claim to Own Productive Property." Chap. 10 in Economic Liberties and Human Rights. 1st ed., edited by Jahel Queralt and Bas van der Vossen, 200–218. Political Philosophy for the Real World. New York: Routledge, 2019.
- 2019
- Working Paper
Infringing Use as a Path to Legal Consumption: Evidence from a Field Experiment
By: Hong Luo and Julie Holland Mortimer
Digitization has transformed how users find and use copyrighted goods, but many existing legal options remain difficult to access, possibly leading to infringement. In a field experiment, we contact firms that are caught infringing on expensive digital images. Emails...
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Luo, Hong, and Julie Holland Mortimer. "Infringing Use as a Path to Legal Consumption: Evidence from a Field Experiment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-081, January 2019. (Revised August 2019.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 15 The IBM PC
The IBM PC was the first digital computer platform that was open by as a matter of strategy, not necessity. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the IBM PC as a technical system and set of organization choices in light of the theory of how technology shapes...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 15 The IBM PC." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-074, January 2019.
- December 2018 (Revised April 2020)
- Case
Fluidity: The Tokenization of Real Estate Assets
By: Marco Di Maggio, David Lane and Susie Ma
In December 2018, the blockchain startup Fluidity was about to participate in its first tokenization deal, which would create digital access to property rights in a 12-unit Manhattan condominium complex. The deal was proof-of-concept for Fluidity, which hoped to...
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Keywords:
Blockchain;
Tokenization;
Data Security;
Revenue Model;
Finance;
Technological Innovation;
Strategy
Di Maggio, Marco, David Lane, and Susie Ma. "Fluidity: The Tokenization of Real Estate Assets." Harvard Business School Case 219-057, December 2018. (Revised April 2020.)
- 2018
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 7 The Value Structure of Technologies, Part 2: Technical and Strategic Bottlenecks as Guides for Action
The purpose of this chapter is to present analytic tools based on functional maps that can be used to identify investment opportunities and to formulate strategy in large, evolving technical systems. I argue that the points of value creation and value capture in a...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 7 The Value Structure of Technologies, Part 2: Technical and Strategic Bottlenecks as Guides for Action." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-042, October 2018.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity
The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may...
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Keywords:
Complementarity
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-036, October 2018.
- 2018
- Working Paper
The State of Open Source Server Software
By: Shane Greenstein and Klaus Ackermann
The study assembles new data to construct a census of worldwide web server use across the globe. We document a large concentration of investment in the United States, and a wide dispersion across scores of countries. We find tens of billions of dollars of unmeasured...
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Keywords:
Internet;
Open Source;
Internet and the Web;
Policy;
Open Source Distribution;
Internet and the Web;
Global Range
Greenstein, Shane, and Klaus Ackermann. "The State of Open Source Server Software." Working Paper, September 2018.