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  • All HBS Web  (276)
    • Faculty Publications  (22)

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    • All HBS Web  (276)
      • Faculty Publications  (22)

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      • September 2022
      • Article

      Find and Replace: R&D Investment Following the Erosion of Existing Products

      By: Joshua L. Krieger, Xuelin Li and Richard T. Thakor
      How do innovative firms react when existing products experience negative shocks? We explore this question with detailed project-level data from drug development firms. Using FDA Public Health Advisories as idiosyncratic negative shocks to approved drugs, we first...  View Details
      Keywords: R&D Investments; Drug Development; Product Shocks; M&A; Biopharmaceutical Industry; FDA; System Shocks; Research and Development; Investment; Decision Making; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Krieger, Joshua L., Xuelin Li, and Richard T. Thakor. "Find and Replace: R&D Investment Following the Erosion of Existing Products." Management Science 68, no. 9 (September 2022): 6552–6571.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Laboratory Safety and Research Productivity

      By: Alberto Galasso, Hong Luo and Brooklynn Zhu
      Are laboratory safety practices a tax on scientific productivity? We examine this question by exploiting the substantial increase in safety regulations at the University of California following the shocking accidental death of a research assistant in 2008....  View Details
      Keywords: Economics Of Science; Risk Perception; Safety Regulations; Safety; Working Conditions; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Innovation and Invention
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      Galasso, Alberto, Hong Luo, and Brooklynn Zhu. "Laboratory Safety and Research Productivity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-072, May 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      What Can Stockouts Tell Us About Inflation? Evidence from Online Micro Data

      By: Alberto Cavallo and Oleksiy Kryvtsov
      We use a detailed micro dataset on product availability and stockouts to construct a direct high-frequency measure of consumer product shortages during the 2020-2022 pandemic. We document a widespread multi-fold rise in stockouts in nearly all sectors early in the...  View Details
      Keywords: Prices; Stockouts; Inventories; Supply Disruptions; COVID-19 Pandemic; Macroeconomics; Inflation and Deflation; Supply Chain; Disruption; Health Pandemics; Consumer Products Industry; United States; China; Canada; France; Germany; Japan; Spain
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      Cavallo, Alberto, and Oleksiy Kryvtsov. "What Can Stockouts Tell Us About Inflation? Evidence from Online Micro Data." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29209, September 2021.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Multi-location Workers in Multinational Firms? Tradeoffs in Contextual Specialization of Employees and Organizational Outcomes

      By: Hise O. Gibson, Ryan W. Buell and Prithwiraj Choudhury
      We study how “contextual specialization,” the act of focusing workers’ organizational tasks within a particular locational context, and “contextual non-specialization,” the practice of diversifying workers’ organizational tasks among multiple locational contexts,...  View Details
      Keywords: Talent and Talent Management; Performance; Experience and Expertise; Selection and Staffing; Strength and Weakness; Personal Development and Career
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      Gibson, Hise O., Ryan W. Buell, and Prithwiraj Choudhury. "Multi-location Workers in Multinational Firms? Tradeoffs in Contextual Specialization of Employees and Organizational Outcomes." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-007, August 2021.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Open Sourcing and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub

      By: Annamaria Conti, Christian Peukert and Maria Roche
      We study the participation of nascent firms in open source communities and its implications for attracting funding. To do so, we exploit rich data on 160,065 US startups linking information from Crunchbase to firms' GitHub accounts. Estimating a within-startup model...  View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Technology Strategy; GitHub; Machine Learning; Business Startups; Venture Capital; Information Technology; Strategy
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      Conti, Annamaria, Christian Peukert, and Maria Roche. "Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Open Sourcing and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-001, July 2021. (Revised October 2022.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Absenteeism, Productivity, and Relational Contracts Inside the Firm

      By: Achyuta Adhvaryu, Jean-François Gauthier, Anant Nyshadham and Jorge Tamayo
      We study relational contracts among managers using a unique dataset that tracks transfers of workers across teams in Indian ready-made garment factories. We focus on how relational contracts help managers cope with worker absenteeism shocks, which are frequent, often...  View Details
      Keywords: Implicit Contracts; Productivity; Misallocation; Absenteeism; Supervisors; Readymade Garments; Contracts; Relationships; Management; Employees; Behavior; Performance Productivity; Apparel and Accessories Industry; India
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      Adhvaryu, Achyuta, Jean-François Gauthier, Anant Nyshadham, and Jorge Tamayo. "Absenteeism, Productivity, and Relational Contracts Inside the Firm." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-109, March 2021. (R&R Journal of the European Economic Association.)
      • February 2021
      • Article

      Do Household Wealth Shocks Affect Productivity? Evidence from Innovative Workers During the Great Recession

      By: S. Bernstein, T. McQuade and R. Townsend
      We investigate how the deterioration of household balance sheets affects worker productivity, and, in turn, economic downturns. Specifically, we compare the output of innovative workers who experienced differential declines in housing wealth during the financial crisis...  View Details
      Keywords: Great Recession; Household; Financial Condition; System Shocks; Employees; Performance Productivity
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      Bernstein, S., T. McQuade, and R. Townsend. "Do Household Wealth Shocks Affect Productivity? Evidence from Innovative Workers During the Great Recession." Journal of Finance 76, no. 1 (February 2021): 57–111.
      • January 2021
      • Article

      Turbulence, Firm Decentralization and Growth in Bad Times

      By: Philippe Aghion, Nicholas Bloom, Brian Lucking, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
      What is the optimal form of firm organization during “bad times”? We present a model of delegation within the firm to show that the effect is ambiguous. The greater turbulence following macro shocks may benefit decentralized firms because the value of local information...  View Details
      Keywords: Decentralization; Growth; Turbulence; Great Recession; Organizational Design; System Shocks; Economic Growth; Performance
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      Aghion, Philippe, Nicholas Bloom, Brian Lucking, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Turbulence, Firm Decentralization and Growth in Bad Times." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 133–169.
      • Article

      Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents

      By: David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Gary P. Pisano and Pian Shu
      Manufacturing accounts for more than three-quarters of U.S. corporate patents. The competitive shock to this sector emanating from China's economic ascent could in theory either augment or stifle U.S. innovation. Using three decades of U.S. patents matched to corporate...  View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Production; Trade; Competition; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Autor, David, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Gary P. Pisano, and Pian Shu. "Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents." American Economic Review: Insights 2, no. 3 (September 2020): 357–374.
      • Summer 2020
      • Article

      Is It Time to Rethink Globalized Supply Chains?: The COVID-19 Pandemic Should Be a Wake-up Call for Managers and Prompt Them to Consider Actions That Will Improve Their Resilience to Future Shocks

      By: Willy C. Shih
      The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the complex interdependencies of globalized supply chains. While these global multistage production networks had spread during a relatively benign environment of falling trade barriers and increasing interdependencies among countries,...  View Details
      Keywords: Supply Chains; Pandemic; Resilience; Supply Chain Management; Supply Chain; Global Range; Health Pandemics; Disruption; System Shocks; Crisis Management; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Asia; Europe; China
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      Shih, Willy C. "Is It Time to Rethink Globalized Supply Chains? The COVID-19 Pandemic Should Be a Wake-up Call for Managers and Prompt Them to Consider Actions That Will Improve Their Resilience to Future Shocks." MIT Sloan Management Review 61, no. 4 (Summer 2020): 16–18.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Founder-CEO Compensation and Selection into Venture Capital-Backed Entrepreneurship

      By: Michael Ewens, Ramana Nanda and Christopher Stanton
      We show theoretically that a critical determinant of the attractiveness of VC-backed entrepreneurship for high-earning potential founders is the expected time to develop a startup’s initial product. This is because founder-CEOs’ cash compensation increases...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Executive Compensation
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      Ewens, Michael, Ramana Nanda, and Christopher Stanton. "Founder-CEO Compensation and Selection into Venture Capital-Backed Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-119, May 2020. (Revise and Resubmit at Journal of Finance. Revised January 2023.)
      • Fall 2019
      • Article

      Endogenous Productivity of Demand-Induced R&D: Evidence from Pharmaceuticals

      By: Kyle Myers and Mark Pauly
      We examine trends in the productivity of the pharmaceutical sector over the past three decades. Motivated by Ricardo’s insight that productivity and rents are endogenous to demand when inputs are scarce, we examine the industry’s aggregate R&D production function....  View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Productivity; Pharmaceuticals; Innovation and Invention; Performance Productivity; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Myers, Kyle, and Mark Pauly. "Endogenous Productivity of Demand-Induced R&D: Evidence from Pharmaceuticals." RAND Journal of Economics 50, no. 3 (Fall 2019): 591–614.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      The Effect of Payment Choices on Online Retail: Evidence from the 2016 Indian Demonetization

      By: Chaithanya Bandi, Antonio Moreno, Donald Ngwe and Zhiji Xu
      The Indian banknote demonetization in 2016 was one of the most significant international events of that year. Overnight, 86% of Indian currency in circulation was declared invalid unless exchanged for new bills. The sudden and unexpected demonetization constituted a...  View Details
      Keywords: Cash On Delivery; Online Retail; Product Returns; Payment Methods; Digitization; Emerging Markets; Currency; Internet and the Web; Demand and Consumers; Retail Industry; India
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      Bandi, Chaithanya, Antonio Moreno, Donald Ngwe, and Zhiji Xu. "The Effect of Payment Choices on Online Retail: Evidence from the 2016 Indian Demonetization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-123, June 2019.
      • June 2019
      • Case

      The Shale Revolution: America's Energy Independence?

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Howaida Kamel
      The shale revolution has upended oil and gas markets for nearly a decade and has positioned the U.S. to become a net energy exporter by 2020. Technological improvements pushed productivity forward which has had positive overall positive affects for the U.S. economy....  View Details
      Keywords: Shale Oil; Shale Gas; LNG; Energy Policy; Drilling Technology; Energy; Trade; Economics; Macroeconomics; Policy; Energy Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Middle East
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      Vietor, Richard H.K., and Howaida Kamel. "The Shale Revolution: America's Energy Independence?" Harvard Business School Case 719-076, June 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness

      By: Frank Nagle
      This study seeks to better understand the impact that government technology procurement regulations have on social value and national competitiveness. To do this, it examines the impact of a change in France’s technology procurement policy that required government...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Value; Competitiveness; Government Administration; Information Technology; Acquisition; Policy; Value
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      Nagle, Frank. "Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-103, March 2019.
      • August 2018 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      The De Beers Group: Launching Lightbox Jewelry for Lab-Grown Diamonds

      By: Benjamin C. Esty
      In May 2018, the De Beers Group shocked the diamond industry when it announced it was launching a new fashion jewelry brand of laboratory-grown (synthetic) diamonds. The reaction was swift as people sought to understand the company’s motivations: was it a “huge gamble”...  View Details
      Keywords: Diamonds; Differentiation; New Business; Strategy Development; Strategy Execution; Scope; Adjacency; Core; Commoditization; New Product Launch; Mining; Retail; Corporate Strategy; Business Strategy; Disruption; Value Creation; Product Launch; Segmentation; Expansion; Competitive Advantage; United States; United Kingdom
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      Esty, Benjamin C. "The De Beers Group: Launching Lightbox Jewelry for Lab-Grown Diamonds." Harvard Business School Case 719-408, August 2018. (Revised August 2018.)
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents

      By: David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Pian Shu and Gary Pisano
      Manufacturing is the locus of U.S. innovation, accounting for more than three quarters of U.S. corporate patents. The rise of import competition from China has represented a major competitive shock to the sector, which in theory could benefit or stifle innovation. In...  View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Competition; System Shocks; Trade; Innovation and Invention; Manufacturing Industry; China; United States
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      Autor, David, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Pian Shu, and Gary Pisano. "Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 22879, December 2016.
      • 2016
      • Chapter

      Networks and the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Exploration

      By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit and William R. Kerr
      The propagation of macroeconomic shocks through input-output and geographic networks can be a powerful driver of macroeconomic fluctuations. We first exposit that in the presence of Cobb-Douglas production functions and consumer preferences, there is a specific pattern...  View Details
      Keywords: Economic Fluctuations; Geographic Collocation; Input-output Linkages; Propagation; Shocks; Networks; Fluctuation; System Shocks; Macroeconomics
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      Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, and William R. Kerr. "Networks and the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Exploration." In NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2015, Vol. 30, edited by Martin Eichenbaum and Jonathan Parker, 273–335. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2016.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Networks and the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Exploration

      By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit and William Kerr
      The propagation of macroeconomic shocks through input-output and geographic networks can be a powerful driver of macroeconomic fluctuations. We first exposit that in the presence of Cobb-Douglas production functions and consumer preferences there is a specific pattern...  View Details
      Keywords: Economic Fluctuations; Geographic Collocation; Input-output Linkages; Propagation; Shocks; Networks; Fluctuation; System Shocks; Macroeconomics
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      Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, and William Kerr. "Networks and the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Exploration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-006, July 2015.
      • September 2013 (Revised August 2015)
      • Background Note

      Leadership and Teaming

      By: Ethan Bernstein
      Small differences in the leadership of teams can have large consequences for the success of their efforts. Many initiatives fail not because of a fatal error in judgment or insufficient ideas, knowledge, motivation, or capabilities to deliver a solution. They fail...  View Details
      Keywords: Teams; Teaming; Leadership And Managing People; Leadership; Team Effectiveness; Team Performance; Team Design; Team Leadership; Teamwork; Team Process; Team Function; Team Launch; 60/30/10 Rule; Team Boundary; Distribution Of Leadership Authority; Self-Managed Teams; Virtual Teams; Unbounded Teams; Acts Of Leadership; Execution Teams; Decision Making Teams; Creativity Teams; Team Size; Task Design; Team Timeline; Team Roles; Team Representation; Diversity; Team Familiarity; Collective Intelligence; Team Stages Of Development; Team Coaching; Performance Pressure; X-Teams; Team Focus; Interaction; Management Teams; Managerial Roles; Management Systems; Management Style; Management Skills; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Efficiency; Performance Productivity; Groups and Teams; Networks; Social Psychology; Behavior; Conflict and Resolution; Creativity; Social and Collaborative Networks; Satisfaction; Prejudice and Bias; Power and Influence; Personal Characteristics; Familiarity; Cognition and Thinking; Attitudes; Projects; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Leadership Development; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Knowledge Sharing; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Design; Interpersonal Communication; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Asia; North and Central America; South America; Atlantic Ocean; Central Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; Oceania; West Indies
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      Bernstein, Ethan. "Leadership and Teaming." Harvard Business School Background Note 414-033, September 2013. (Revised August 2015.)
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