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- May 2022
- Article
When Does Product Liability Risk Chill Innovation? Evidence from Medical Implants
By: Alberto Galasso and Hong Luo
Liability laws designed to compensate for harms caused by defective products may also affect innovation. We examine this issue by exploiting a major quasi-exogenous increase in liability risk faced by U.S. suppliers of polymers used to manufacture medical implants....
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- 2022
- Book
Productive Tensions: How Every Leader Can Tackle Innovation’s Toughest Trade-Offs
By: Chris Bingham and Rory McDonald
Why is leading innovation in nascent business environments so distressingly hit-or-miss? More than 90% of high-potential ventures don’t reach their projected targets. Surveys show that 80% of executives consider innovation crucial to their growth strategy, but only 6%...
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- March 2022
- Module Note
Navigating Nascent Industries and Product Categories
By: Rory McDonald
This Note introduces a module of cases used at Harvard Business School to teach fundamental concepts about navigating nascent industries and product categories. It elaborates a set of ‘innovation tensions’ that managers must address in these domains. In connecting the...
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- March 2022 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
Innovation at Moog Inc.
This case focuses on the challenges of incentivizing innovation within Moog, an engineering company based in New York state that designs and builds guidance systems for space, air, and land-based travel. The case enables students to grapple with the challenges of using...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Innovation Lab;
Innovation Management;
Motivation;
Incentives;
Culture;
Compensation;
Compensation And Benefits;
Scalability;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Independent Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Innovation Strategy;
Organizational Culture;
Performance Consistency;
Performance Effectiveness;
Performance Efficiency;
Performance Productivity;
Performance Evaluation;
Creativity;
Motivation and Incentives;
Aerospace Industry;
Transportation Industry;
United States
- March 2022 (Revised May 2022)
- Case
Doubling Down: Elon Musk's Big Bets in 2022
By: David Yoffie and Daniel Fisher
2021 was a banner year for Elon Musk. CEO of the electric vehicle manufacturer Tesla, the aerospace manufacturer SpaceX, and a few smaller startups, Musk became the richest person on Earth after Tesla reached a market capitalization of $1 trillion and SpaceX a private...
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Keywords:
Innovation and Management;
Competitive Advantage;
Competitive Strategy;
Information Infrastructure;
Applications and Software;
Transportation;
Strategic Planning;
Leadership Style;
Leading Change;
Goals and Objectives;
Aerospace Industry;
Auto Industry;
Battery Industry;
United States;
Europe;
China
- Article
Advancing Digital Health Applications: Priorities for Innovation in Real-World Evidence Generation
By: Ariel Dora Stern, Jan Brönneke, Jörg F Debatin, Julia Hagen, Henrik Matthies, Smit Patel, Ieuan Clay, Bjoern Eskofier, Annika Herr, Kurt Hoeller, Ashley Jaksa, Daniel B Kramer, Mattias Kyhlstedt, Katherine T Lofgren, Nirosha Mahendraratnam, Holger Muehlan, Simon Reif, Lars Riedemann and Jennifer C Goldsack
In 2019, Germany passed the Digital Healthcare Act, which, among other things, created a “Fast-Track” regulatory and reimbursement pathway for digital health applications in the German market. The pathway explicitly provides for flexibility in how researchers can...
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- February 2022
- Case
Lilium: Preparing for Takeoff
By: Navid Mojir, Vincent Dessain, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
Lilium is a German company focused on developing electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles (eVTOLs) that can be used to offer air taxi services. The company went public in September 2021 through a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) deal, raising more than...
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Keywords:
SPACs;
Business Model;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Green Technology;
Capital Markets;
Venture Capital;
Initial Public Offering;
Rural Scope;
Urban Scope;
City;
Disruptive Innovation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Demand and Consumers;
Market Timing;
Industry Growth;
Infrastructure;
Logistics;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Service Operations;
Strategic Planning;
Partners and Partnerships;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Urban Development;
Sustainable Cities;
Business Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Air Transportation;
Aerospace Industry;
Air Transportation Industry;
Green Technology Industry;
Transportation Industry;
Travel Industry;
Germany;
Munich;
Brazil;
United States;
Florida
- February 2022
- Case
Toraya
By: Lauren Cohen and Akiko Kanno
Mitsuharu Kurokawa was the 18th generation leader of a family firm that produced and sold premium Japanese sweets, Toraya Confectionery Co., Ltd. He had succeeded the business from his father, Mitsuhiro Kurokawa who had led the firm for thirty years. Mitsuharu was...
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- February 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
National Electric Vehicles Sweden (NEVS): Materializing a Vision
By: Shane Greenstein and Elena Corsi
In 2021, the car manufacturer National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS) faced the challenge of securing funding from its investor to launch an innovative mobility solution based on fleets of shared autonomous driving (AD) cars. The system was complex as it required the...
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- February 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
Aleph Farms: A New Culture of Meat
By: Elie Ofek and Jeff Huizinga
Aleph Farms, an Israeli food-tech start-up, was hoping to play a major role in disrupting the conventional meat sector. Compared to intensive agricultural practices, Aleph’s cultured (or lab-grown) meat solution held the promise of considerably reducing greenhouse gas...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Disruptive Innovation;
Adoption;
Go To Market Strategy;
Industry Evolution;
Food Industry;
Environmental And Social Sustainability;
Marketing Of Innovations;
Brand Building;
Capital Expenditures-equipment;
Disruption;
Green Technology;
Environmental Sustainability;
Food;
Market Entry and Exit;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Behavior;
Competitive Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Food and Beverage Industry
- February 2022
- Article
Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century
By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the twentieth century. We build a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920, and a historical state-level corporate tax database with corporate tax...
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- 2022
- Book
The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth
By: Michael J. Andrews, Aaron Chatterji, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern
We live in an era in which innovation and entrepreneurship seem ubiquitous, particularly in regions like Silicon Valley, Boston, and the Research Triangle Park. But many metrics of economic growth, such as productivity growth and business dynamism, have been at best...
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- January 2022
- Case
Hello Heart: The Next Generation of Chronic Disease Management Apps
By: Ariel D. Stern and Danielle Golan
Hello Heart, a hypertension management app debated whether to go deep and cover other heart conditions, or to expand its solution to other chronic conditions.
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Keywords:
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Information Technology;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Analysis;
Business Startups;
Transition;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Customer Satisfaction;
Decision Making;
Demographics;
Design;
Entrepreneurship;
Venture Capital;
Technological Innovation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Product Launch;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Business Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Customization and Personalization;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Strategy;
Applications and Software;
Health Industry;
Technology Industry;
Israel;
United States
- January 2022
- Case
Geely SEA: New Electric Vehicle Platforms
By: Willy C. Shih and Shu Lin
Kent Bovellan, the Chief Engineer and Head of the Vehicle Architecture Center for Geely Holding, the Hangzhou, China headquartered global automotive group, was debating the platform choice for an upcoming "D" segment midsized battery electric vehicle (BEV). He had led...
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Keywords:
Product Innovation;
Product Architecture;
Product Engineering;
Platform Design;
Platform Strategy;
Information Infrastructure;
Digital Platforms;
Information Technology;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Cost Management;
Decision Making;
Competitive Strategy;
Industry Structures;
Auto Industry;
China;
Sweden
- 2022
- Working Paper
Human Mobility and the Globalization of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Enterprises
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury, James M. Sappenfield and Sara Signorelli
We investigate how reforms that ease or restrict human mobility affect global innovation. We leverage a unique dataset merging patent data with exhaustive information on business-related migration reforms that take place in 15 countries over 26 years, and employ a...
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- November 2021 (Revised November 2021)
- Case
QuantumScape's Mission to Revolutionize Energy Storage for a Sustainable Future
By: William A. Sahlman, Allison M. Ciechanover and Jeff Huizinga
QuantumScape CEO Jagdeep Singh juggles the many activities required to lead the next-generation battery pioneer. Founded in 2010, QuantumScape’s mission was to develop new “solid-state” car batteries that would improve upon traditional lithium-ion batteries in key...
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- October 2021
- Case
Ant Group (A)
By: Krishna G. Palepu, Feng Zhu, Susie L. Ma and Kerry Herman
In 2004, Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba created Alipay, an app to facilitate payments on its e-commerce sites. As Alibaba grew, so did Alipay, until Alipay spawned its own ecosystem of financial technology products and services under the name of Ant Group. By 2020,...
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- September 2021
- Case
Tesla Motors in 2021: Competition Revs Up
By: Eric J. Van den Steen, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
Over its 17 years in existence, Tesla had redefined people’s view of electric cars, and in 2020, the company saw its stock rise by more than 700% to became the most valuable carmaker in the world. In December 2020, Tesla celebrated its fifth consecutive quarter of...
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Keywords:
Barrier To Entry;
Competitive Advantage;
Innovation;
Tesla;
Automotive Industry;
Sustainable Competitive Advantage;
Values;
Vision;
Learning By Doing;
Economies Of Scale;
Electric Vehicle;
Scenario Planning;
Batteries;
Competitive Strategy;
Product Positioning;
Profit;
Competition;
Industry Growth;
Auto Industry
- September 2021
- Case
On the Bubble: Startup Bootstrapping
By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Tom Quinn and Annelena Lobb
Bubble was a software company in the low-code/no-code market, making tools that allowed users without traditional programming backgrounds or technical skills to build software. The case covers cofounder Joshua Haas’s engineering background, as he experienced a high...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Business Plan;
Disruption;
Transformation;
Trends;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Customer Relationship Management;
Decision Making;
Cost vs Benefits;
Decisions;
Entrepreneurship;
Venture Capital;
Equity;
Executive Compensation;
Recruitment;
Selection and Staffing;
Disruptive Innovation;
Technological Innovation;
Job Interviews;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Ownership Stake;
Opportunities;
Applications and Software;
Technology Adoption;
Technology Industry;
Web Services Industry;
New York (city, NY);
California;
France
- September 2021 (Revised December 2021)
- Case
Telepass: From Tolling to Mobility Platform
By: Chiara Farronato, Stefano Denicolai and Sarah Mehta
Telepass, until very recently the sole processor of electronic toll payments on Italy’s highways, has ambitions beyond tolling. Since the mid-2010s, the company has been expanding into adjacent services. In 2017, Telepass launched TelepassPay—a mobile payment...
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Keywords:
Mobile Payment;
App;
Mobility Services;
Analysis;
Change;
Change Management;
Transformation;
Transition;
Innovation and Invention;
Strategy;
Information Technology;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Transportation;
Transportation Networks;
Value;
Value Creation;
Consumer Behavior;
Technology Industry;
Transportation Industry;
Insurance Industry;
Europe;
Italy;
Milan