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      • Faculty Publications  (160)

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      • May 2023
      • Case

      IBM’s Ginni Rometty: Leading with Good Power

      By: Hubert Joly, Leonard A. Schlesinger and Stacy Straaberg
      In March 2023, Virginia (Ginni) Rometty published Good Power: Leading Positive Change in our Lives, Work, and World, which covered her personal history and career at International Business Machines (IBM). Rometty was IBM’s ninth and first woman CEO from 2012–2020. Her...  View Details
      Keywords: Transformation; Acquisition; Trends; Gender; Diversity; Education; Training; Values and Beliefs; Profit; Revenue; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Business or Company Management; Negotiation; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Family and Family Relationships; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Business and Shareholder Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Personal Characteristics; Perspective; Social Issues; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Competition; Corporate Strategy; Information Infrastructure; Information Technology; Health Industry; Information Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Service Industry; Technology Industry; New York (city, NY); United States
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      Joly, Hubert, Leonard A. Schlesinger, and Stacy Straaberg. "IBM’s Ginni Rometty: Leading with Good Power." Harvard Business School Case 323-114, May 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      How Wicked Problems Drive Business Performance: A Review of the Academic Literature

      By: Caroline Adelson, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price and Marco Iansiti
      Recent years have seen a rise in the number of businesses engaged in the pursuit of “purposeful” activities – that is, activities that engage with the broader community in ways that expand beyond the pursuit of shareholder value. Many of these activities involve...  View Details
      Keywords: Wicked Problems; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Performance
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      Adelson, Caroline, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price, and Marco Iansiti. "How Wicked Problems Drive Business Performance: A Review of the Academic Literature." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-064, April 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Firm Purpose and Problem Wickedness: A Review of the Academic Literature

      By: Caroline Adelson, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price and Marco Iansiti
      Our understanding of the firm’s role in society has evolved greatly over the past 70 years, with more recent years seeing a sharp rise in interest for how firms can contribute more than profits to society – that is, have a purpose beyond profits. Businesses engaged in...  View Details
      Keywords: Mission and Purpose; Problems and Challenges
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      Adelson, Caroline, Charlotte Kuller, Cate Tompkins, Ellora Sarkar, Samantha Price, and Marco Iansiti. "Firm Purpose and Problem Wickedness: A Review of the Academic Literature." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-063, April 2023.
      • January 2023 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Belden and Digital Transformation: From Product Sales to Solutions Sales

      By: Frank V. Cespedes and Amy Klopfenstein
      This case concerns the industrial automation division at Belden, a hardware manufacturer. While Belden historically sold products such as cables, wires, and other networking devices, EVP of Industrial Automation Ashish Chand recognized that IT vendors were entering the...  View Details
      Keywords: Implementation; Sales Cycle; Digital Transformation; Sales; Product Positioning; Business Model; Market Entry and Exit; Customer Focus and Relationships; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Supply and Industry; Technology Industry; North America; United States
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      Cespedes, Frank V., and Amy Klopfenstein. "Belden and Digital Transformation: From Product Sales to Solutions Sales." Harvard Business School Case 823-002, January 2023. (Revised January 2023.)
      • November–December 2022
      • Article

      The Value of Descriptive Analytics: Evidence from Online Retailers

      By: Ron Berman and Ayelet Israeli
      Does the adoption of descriptive analytics impact online retailer performance, and if so, how? We use the synthetic difference-in-differences method to analyze the staggered adoption of a retail analytics dashboard by more than 1,500 e-commerce websites, and we find an...  View Details
      Keywords: Descriptive Analytics; Big Data; Synthetic Control; E-commerce; Online Retail; Difference-in-differences; Martech; Internet and the Web; Analytics and Data Science; Performance; Marketing; Retail Industry
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      Berman, Ron, and Ayelet Israeli. "The Value of Descriptive Analytics: Evidence from Online Retailers." Marketing Science 41, no. 6 (November–December 2022): 1074–1096.
      • October 2022
      • Article

      A Structural Model of Organizational Buying for Business-to-Business Markets: Innovation Adoption with Share-of-Wallet Contracts

      By: Navid Mojir and K. Sudhir
      The paper develops the first structural model of organizational buying to study innovation diffusion in a B2B market. Our model is particularly applicable for routinized exchange relationships, whereby centralized buyers periodically evaluate and choose contracts,...  View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Buying Behavior; Healthcare Marketing; B2B Markets; B2B Innovation; New Product Diffusion; New Product Adoption; Organizations; Acquisition; Behavior; Health Care and Treatment; Marketing; Innovation and Invention
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      Mojir, Navid, and K. Sudhir. "A Structural Model of Organizational Buying for Business-to-Business Markets: Innovation Adoption with Share-of-Wallet Contracts." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 59, no. 5 (October 2022): 883–907.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Algorithmic Assortment Curation: An Empirical Study of Buybox in Online Marketplaces

      By: Santiago Gallino, Nil Karacaoglu and Antonio Moreno
      Most online sales worldwide take place in marketplaces that connect sellers and buyers. The presence of numerous third-party sellers leads to a proliferation of listings for each product, making it difficult for customers to choose between the available options. Online...  View Details
      Keywords: Algorithms; E-commerce; Sales; Digital Marketing; Internet and the Web; Customer Satisfaction
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      Gallino, Santiago, Nil Karacaoglu, and Antonio Moreno. "Algorithmic Assortment Curation: An Empirical Study of Buybox in Online Marketplaces." Working Paper, September 2022.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response

      By: Alexander MacKay and Samuel N. Weinstein
      Pricing algorithms are rapidly transforming markets, from ride-sharing apps, to air travel, to online retail. Regulators and scholars have watched this development with a wary eye. Their focus so far has been on the potential for pricing algorithms to facilitate...  View Details
      Keywords: Competition Policy; Regulation; Algorithmic Pricing; Dynamic Pricing; Economics; Law And Economics; Law And Regulation; Consumer Protection; Antitrust Law; Industrial Organization; Antitrust Issues And Policies; Technological Change: Choices And Consequences; Competition; Policy; Price; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Microeconomics; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Law
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      MacKay, Alexander, and Samuel N. Weinstein. "Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response." Washington University Law Review 100, no. 1 (2022): 111–174. (Direct download.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Dynamic Pricing and Demand Volatility: Evidence from Restaurant Food Delivery

      By: Alexander J. MacKay, Dennis Svartbäck and Anders G. Ekholm
      Pricing technology that allows firms to rapidly adjust prices has two potential benefits. Prices can respond more rapidly to demand shocks, leading to higher revenues. On the other hand, time-varying prices can be used to smooth out demand across periods, reducing...  View Details
      Keywords: Price; Consumer Behavior; Applications and Software; Volatility
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      MacKay, Alexander J., Dennis Svartbäck, and Anders G. Ekholm. "Dynamic Pricing and Demand Volatility: Evidence from Restaurant Food Delivery." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-007, July 2022. (Revised March 2023.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence

      By: Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang and Ali Yurukoglu
      Existing theories of media competition imply that advertisers will pay a lower price in equilibrium to reach consumers who multi-home across competing outlets. We generalize and extend this theoretical result and test it using data from television and social media...  View Details
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      Gentzkow, Matthew, Jesse M. Shapiro, Frank Yang, and Ali Yurukoglu. "Pricing Power in Advertising Markets: Theory and Evidence." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30278, July 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Article

      Variance Analysis: New Insights from Health Care Applications

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Susanna Gallani
      We use a health care application to illustrate how variance analysis can be used to benchmark costs across similar service delivery sites. Variances for personnel costs, typically the largest cost component in service organizations, are calculated for price, quantity,...  View Details
      Keywords: Variance Analysis; Benchmarking; Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care; Activity Based Costing and Management; Health Care and Treatment; Service Delivery; Service Industry
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Susanna Gallani. "Variance Analysis: New Insights from Health Care Applications." Issues in Accounting Education 37, no. 2 (May 2022): 27–36.
      • March 31, 2022
      • Article

      Two Approaches to Capping Health Care Prices

      By: Michael E. Chernew, Maximilian J. Pany and Leemore S. Dafny
      High health care prices for the privately-insured contribute to high premiums, which put downward pressure on wages, and induce employers to reduce benefit generosity and charge employees more for coverage. As the average annual premium for family coverage currently...  View Details
      Keywords: Price Caps; Health Care and Treatment; Price
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      Chernew, Michael E., Maximilian J. Pany, and Leemore S. Dafny. "Two Approaches to Capping Health Care Prices." Health Affairs Forefront (March 31, 2022).
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Can Evidence-Based Information Shift Preferences Towards Trade Policy?

      By: Laura Alfaro, Maggie X. Chen and Davin Chor
      We investigate the role of evidence-based information in shaping individuals' preferences for trade policies through a series of survey experiments that contain randomized information treatments. Each treatment provides a concise statement of economics research...  View Details
      Keywords: Evidence; Preference; Trade Policy; Information; Trade; Policy; Attitudes
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      Alfaro, Laura, Maggie X. Chen, and Davin Chor. "Can Evidence-Based Information Shift Preferences Towards Trade Policy?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-062, March 2022. (Revised May 2023. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31240, May 2023)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Stock Market Stimulus

      By: Robin Greenwood, Toomas Laarits and Jeffrey Wurgler
      We study the stock market effects of the arrival of the three rounds of “stimulus checks” to U.S. taxpayers and the single round of direct payments to Hong Kong citizens. The first two rounds of U.S. checks appear to have increased retail buying and share prices of...  View Details
      Keywords: Stock Market; COVID-19 Pandemic; Fiscal Stimulus; Stimulus Payments; Impact; Stocks; System Shocks; Price; Spending; United States; Hong Kong; China
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      Greenwood, Robin, Toomas Laarits, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Stock Market Stimulus." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29827, March 2022. (Revised November 2022.)
      • March 2022
      • Article

      Estimating the Effectiveness of Permanent Price Reductions for Competing Products Using Multivariate Bayesian Structural Time Series Models

      By: Fiammetta Menchetti and Iavor Bojinov
      Researchers regularly use synthetic control methods for estimating causal effects when a sub-set of units receive a single persistent treatment, and the rest are unaffected by the change. In many applications, however, units not assigned to treatment are nevertheless...  View Details
      Keywords: Causal Inference; Partial Interference; Synthetic Controls; Bayesian Structural Time Series; Mathematical Methods
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      Menchetti, Fiammetta, and Iavor Bojinov. "Estimating the Effectiveness of Permanent Price Reductions for Competing Products Using Multivariate Bayesian Structural Time Series Models." Annals of Applied Statistics 16, no. 1 (March 2022): 414–435.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      How Do Copayment Coupons Affect Branded Drug Prices and Quantities Purchased?

      By: Leemore S. Dafny, Kate Ho and Edward Kong
      Drug copayment coupons to reduce patient cost-sharing have become nearly ubiquitous for high-priced brand-name prescription drugs. Medicare bans such coupons on the grounds that they are kickbacks that induce utilization, but they are commonly used by...  View Details
      Keywords: Prescription Drugs; Coupons; Impact; Health Care and Treatment; Markets; Price; Spending; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Dafny, Leemore S., Kate Ho, and Edward Kong. "How Do Copayment Coupons Affect Branded Drug Prices and Quantities Purchased?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29735, February 2022.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response

      By: Alexander J. MacKay and Samuel Weinstein
      Pricing algorithms are rapidly transforming markets, from ride-sharing apps, to air travel, to online retail. Regulators and scholars have watched this development with a wary eye. Their focus so far has been on the potential for pricing algorithms to facilitate...  View Details
      Keywords: Competition Policy; Regulation; Algorithmic Pricing; Dynamic Pricing; Law And Economics; Law And Regulation; Consumer Protection; Competition; Policy; Price; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Economics
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      MacKay, Alexander J., and Samuel Weinstein. "Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-050, January 2022. (Direct download.)
      • January 2022
      • Case

      Fueling a Cleaner Future: ACWA Power and Green Hydrogen

      By: Dennis Yao and Alpana Thapar
      In January 2020, Paddy Padmanathan, president and CEO of ACWA Power, was reflecting on the company’s sixteen-year record of success and thinking about its future growth plans. Founded in 2004, ACWA Power was a Saudi Arabian developer, owner, and operator of power and...  View Details
      Keywords: Green Hydrogen; Energy; Climate Change; Supply Chain; Business Model; Growth and Development Strategy; Green Technology; Projects; Alliances; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Energy Industry; Saudi Arabia; Middle East; North Africa
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      Yao, Dennis, and Alpana Thapar. "Fueling a Cleaner Future: ACWA Power and Green Hydrogen." Harvard Business School Case 722-381, January 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Article

      Who Creates New Firms When Local Opportunities Arise?

      By: Shai Benjamin Bernstein, Emanuele Colonnelli, Davide Malacrino and Timothy McQuade
      We examine the characteristics of the individuals who become entrepreneurs when local opportunities arise. We identify local demand shocks by linking fluctuations in global commodity prices to municipality level agricultural endowments in Brazil. We find that the firm...  View Details
      Keywords: Firms; Entrepreneurs; Demand Shocks; Entrepreneurship; Personal Characteristics; Demographics; Opportunities; Brazil
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      Bernstein, Shai Benjamin, Emanuele Colonnelli, Davide Malacrino, and Timothy McQuade. "Who Creates New Firms When Local Opportunities Arise?" Journal of Financial Economics 143, no. 1 (January 2022): 107–130.
      • January 2022
      • Article

      Why Is Corporate Virtue in the Eye of the Beholder? The Case of ESG Ratings

      By: Dane Christensen, George Serafeim and Anywhere Sikochi
      Despite the rising use of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings, there is substantial disagreement across rating agencies regarding what rating to give to individual firms. As what drives this disagreement is unclear, we examine whether a firm’s ESG...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG Ratings; Rating Agency Disagreement; ESG Disclosure; Corporate Social Responsibility; Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Disclosure
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      Christensen, Dane, George Serafeim, and Anywhere Sikochi. "Why Is Corporate Virtue in the Eye of the Beholder? The Case of ESG Ratings." Accounting Review 97, no. 1 (January 2022): 147–175.
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