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Publications

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      • Faculty Publications  (42)

      Political Campaigns Remove Political Campaigns →

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      An American Democracy Network: Factors Shaping the Future of On-line Political Campaigns
      Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity
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      • September–October 2020
      • Article

      The Air War Versus the Ground Game: An Analysis of Multi-Channel Marketing in U.S. Presidential Elections

      By: Lingling Zhang and Doug J. Chung
      This study jointly examines the effects of television advertising and field operations in U.S. presidential elections, with the former referred to as the “air war” and the latter as the “ground game.” Specifically, the study focuses on how different campaign...  View Details
      Keywords: Multi-channel Marketing; Ground Campaigning; Political Campaigns; Discrete-choice Model; Instrumental Variables; Political Elections; Marketing Channels; Advertising; United States
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      Zhang, Lingling, and Doug J. Chung. "The Air War Versus the Ground Game: An Analysis of Multi-Channel Marketing in U.S. Presidential Elections." Marketing Science 39, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 872–892.
      • May 2020 (Revised July 2020)
      • Teaching Note

      Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick

      By: Jill Avery and Koen Pauwels
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 519-046. Nike’s selection of politically polarizing Colin Kaepernick as the spokesperson for the thirtieth anniversary of its iconic “Just Do It” campaign catapulted the brand into the media spotlight and made it a political flashpoint...  View Details
      Keywords: Marketing; Brands and Branding; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Marketing Strategy; Marketing Communications; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Consumer Products Industry; Sports Industry; United States; North America
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      Avery, Jill, and Koen Pauwels. "Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-104, May 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Persuasive Propaganda During the 2015 Argentine Ballotage

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Sebastian Galiani and Ernesto Schargrodsky
      We study a propaganda campaign sponsored by the government against the main political challenger in the days preceding the 2015 Argentine runoff presidential election. Subjects in the treatment group watched an “ad” initially aired during soccer transmissions that was...  View Details
      Keywords: Propaganda; Persuasion; Voting; Political Elections; Government and Politics; Communication Strategy; Power and Influence; Public Opinion; Argentina
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      Di Tella, Rafael, Sebastian Galiani, and Ernesto Schargrodsky. "Persuasive Propaganda During the 2015 Argentine Ballotage." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-030, September 2019. (Revised November 2019.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment

      By: Meg Rithmire
      How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This paper examines this question in the context of China’s rapid transformation into major capital exporter. While most political economy scholarship focuses on firms’ economic...  View Details
      Keywords: Outward Investment; Capital Controls; Investment; Global Range; Capital; Globalization; Policy; Government and Politics; China
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      Rithmire, Meg. "Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-009, June 2019. (Revised January 2021.)
      • May 28, 2019
      • Other Article

      How Russia Found a Disinformation Haven in America

      By: Rawi Abdelal and Galit Goldstein
      The Mueller Report established that “the Russians” undertook information operations campaigns to meddle in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Though this has been clear for a long time, Americans continue to discuss Russian information operations in the wrong way....  View Details
      Keywords: Elections; Donald Trump; Social Media; Political Elections; National Security; Technology; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Russia; United States
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      Abdelal, Rawi, and Galit Goldstein. "How Russia Found a Disinformation Haven in America." National Interest (May 28, 2019).
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Strict ID Laws Don't Stop Voters: Evidence from a U.S. Nationwide Panel, 2008–2018

      By: Enrico Cantoni and Vincent Pons
      U.S. states increasingly require identification to vote – an ostensive attempt to deter fraud that prompts complaints of selective disenfranchisement. Using a difference-in-differences design on a 1.6-billion-observations panel dataset, 2008–2018, we find that the laws...  View Details
      Keywords: Voting; Identity; Laws and Statutes; Outcome or Result; United States
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      Cantoni, Enrico, and Vincent Pons. "Strict ID Laws Don't Stop Voters: Evidence from a U.S. Nationwide Panel, 2008–2018." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25522, February 2019. (Revised March 2020. Revise and resubmit requested, The Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
      • December 2018 (Revised September 2019)
      • Case

      Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick

      By: Jill Avery and Koen Pauwels
      Nike's selection of politically polarizing Colin Kaepernick as the spokesperson for the 30th anniversary of its iconic "Just Do It" campaign catapulted the brand into the media spotlight and made it a political flashpoint for consumers across America. Would the choice...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Media; Digital Marketing; Entertainment; Politics; Activism; Brand Equity; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Sports; Advertising; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Sports Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; North America
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      Avery, Jill, and Koen Pauwels. "Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick." Harvard Business School Case 519-046, December 2018. (Revised September 2019.)
      • October 2018 (Revised August 2019)
      • Case

      Everybody Knows: Russia and the Election

      By: Rawi Abdelal, Rafael Di Tella and Galit Goldstein
      Following a contentious presidential race, Donald Trump’s 2016 election destabilized America’s status quo. Academics, journalists, politicians and the public at large examined why Trump had won. Many Americans, inside and outside the government, asserted that a...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategic Industry; Strategic Alliances (business); Business And Government; Business And Public Policy; Business And Society; Media Businesses; Media Content; Media Slant; Media Regulation; Social Media; Internet Of Everything; Government Policy; Politics; Political Campaigns; Political Strategy; Political Turmoil; Government; Government Regulation; Security; International Business; International Relations; National Security; Political Elections; News; Media; Internet; Rights; Problems and Challenges; Globalization; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Government Legislation; Risk and Uncertainty; Cognition and Thinking; Conflict and Resolution; Identity; Civil Society or Community; Culture; Public Opinion; Social Issues; War; Online Technology; Public Administration Industry; United States; Russia
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      Abdelal, Rawi, Rafael Di Tella, and Galit Goldstein. "Everybody Knows: Russia and the Election." Harvard Business School Case 719-012, October 2018. (Revised August 2019.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Corruption, Government Subsidies, and Innovation: Evidence from China

      By: Lily Fang, Josh Lerner, Chaopeng Wu and Qi Zhang
      Governments are important financiers of private sector innovation. While these public funds can ease capital constraints and information asymmetries, they can also introduce political distortions. We empirically explore these issues for China, where a quarter of firms’...  View Details
      Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Business and Government Relations; Innovation and Invention; China
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      Fang, Lily, Josh Lerner, Chaopeng Wu, and Qi Zhang. "Corruption, Government Subsidies, and Innovation: Evidence from China." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-031, September 2018.
      • March 2018
      • Teaching Note

      Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity (A) and (B)

      By: Nien-hê Hsieh and Victor Wu
      Through the challenges facing Target, the case examines the ways in which corporations can become involved in political and legislative debates and processes, ranging from campaign contributions to lobbying. In 2016, Target CEO Brian Cornell must determine how to...  View Details
      Keywords: Public Opinion; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Problems and Challenges; Laws and Statutes; Rights; Crisis Management; Risk Management; Media; Political Elections; Taxation; Corporate Accountability; Values and Beliefs; Fairness; Diversity; Customers; Communication; Business and Government Relations; Retail Industry; United States
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      Hsieh, Nien-hê, and Victor Wu. "Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity (A) and (B)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 318-123, March 2018.
      • Article

      Orienteering for Electioneering

      By: Jonah Kallenbach, Robert Kleinberg and Scott Duke Kominers
      In this paper, we introduce a combinatorial optimization problem that models the investment decision a political candidate faces when treating his or her opponents’ campaign plans as given. Our formulation accounts for both the time cost of traveling between districts...  View Details
      Keywords: Political Elections; Resource Allocation; Time Management; Analysis
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      Kallenbach, Jonah, Robert Kleinberg, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Orienteering for Electioneering." Operations Research Letters 46, no. 2 (March 2018): 205–210.
      • February 2018 (Revised June 2018)
      • Case

      Uruguay: Facing the 21st Century

      By: Sophus A. Reinert, Michael Chu and Carin-Isabel Knoop
      In the fall of 2017, self-made business leader Edgardo Novick pondered his campaign to be elected President of Uruguay, “the Switzerland of Latin America.” Inspired by populist revolts against the status quo observable worldwide, Novick hoped he could ride popular...  View Details
      Keywords: Uruguay; Edgardo Novick; Business Cycles; Macroeconomics; Geographic Location; Government and Politics; Wealth and Poverty; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Globalization; Pulp and Paper Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Uruguay
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      Reinert, Sophus A., Michael Chu, and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Uruguay: Facing the 21st Century." Harvard Business School Case 318-019, February 2018. (Revised June 2018.)
      • January–February 2018
      • Article

      The New CEO Activists

      By: Aaron K Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
      Though corporations have been lobbying the government and making campaign donations for a long time now, in recent years a dramatic new trend has emerged in U.S. politics: CEOs are taking very public stands on thorny political issues that have nothing to do with their...  View Details
      Keywords: Government Policy; Rights; Leadership & Corporate Accountability; Sustainability; Leadership; Corporate Accountability; Policy; Social Issues; Communication Intention and Meaning; United States
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      Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "The New CEO Activists." Harvard Business Review 96, no. 1 (January–February 2018): 78–89. (Winner of the 2019 HBR Warren Bennis Prize as best 2018 HBR article on leadership. Featured in the HBR Ideacast podcast and an HBR Webinar.)
      • July 2017 (Revised December 2018)
      • Case

      Populism in America: Fake News, Alternative Facts and Elite Betrayal in the Trump Era

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Sarah McAra
      During the 2016 U.S. election, long-time politician Hillary Clinton, a Democrat, and celebrity billionaire Donald Trump, a Republican, faced off in a contentious race for president. In the primaries, candidates from both major political parties used anti-establishment...  View Details
      Keywords: Populism; Elites; Income Inequality; Social Media; Government and Politics; Globalization; Political Elections; News; Media; Labor; Prejudice and Bias; Public Opinion; Social Issues; Wealth and Poverty
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Sarah McAra. "Populism in America: Fake News, Alternative Facts and Elite Betrayal in the Trump Era." Harvard Business School Case 718-005, July 2017. (Revised December 2018.)
      • July 2017 (Revised September 2017)
      • Case

      Donald Trump Calls Carrier Corporation

      By: Andy Zelleke and Brian Tilley
      This case examines the influence of political pressure on corporate decision-making. It questions whether fidelity to domestic operations ought to be a corporate social responsibility, and thus it challenges the limits of “social responsibility” as a corporate ideal....  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Board Decisions; Political Influence; Layoffs; Offshoring And Outsourcing; Manufacturing; United States; Mexico; Governing and Advisory Boards; Decision Making; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Political Elections; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Corporate Governance; Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Connecticut; Indiana; Mexico
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      Zelleke, Andy, and Brian Tilley. "Donald Trump Calls Carrier Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 318-030, July 2017. (Revised September 2017.)
      • April 2017 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity

      By: Nien-hê Hsieh and Victor Wu
      Through the challenges facing Target, the case examines ways in which corporations can become involved in political and legislative debates and processes, ranging from campaign contributions to lobbying to political activism. In 2016, Target CEO Brian Cornell must...  View Details
      Keywords: Boycott; Corporate Political Activity; Lobbying; Lgbtq; Campaign Contributions; Campaign Finance; Retail; Shareholder Activism; Public Opinion; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Problems and Challenges; Laws and Statutes; Rights; Crisis Management; Risk Management; Media; Political Elections; Taxation; Corporate Accountability; Values and Beliefs; Fairness; Diversity; Customers; Communication; Business and Government Relations; Retail Industry; United States
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      Hsieh, Nien-hê, and Victor Wu. "Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity." Harvard Business School Case 317-113, April 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
      • May 2016 (Revised June 2017)
      • Case

      India's Amul: Keeping Up with the Times

      By: Rohit Deshpandé, Tarun Khanna, Namrata Arora and Tanya Bijlani
      Amul is an Indian dairy cooperative founded in 1947—eight months before India's independence from British rule—and owned by over three million farmers in the state of Gujarat. It is India's largest food product marketing organization, selling 46 products, including...  View Details
      Keywords: Globalization; Expansion; Dairy; India; Cooperatives; Milk; Leadership; Agriculture; Agribusiness; Competition; Marketing; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; India
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      Deshpandé, Rohit, Tarun Khanna, Namrata Arora, and Tanya Bijlani. "India's Amul: Keeping Up with the Times." Harvard Business School Case 516-116, May 2016. (Revised June 2017.)
      • 2016
      • Book

      Strategy Beyond Markets

      By: John de Figueiredo, Michael Lenox, Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Rick Vanden Bergh
      Strategy beyond markets has been an active area of research inquiry since the early 1990s. Since its inception, the scholarship emanating from this research stream has grown substantially in quantity, quality, and breadth. Likewise, firms across the world have...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy
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      Figueiredo, John de, Michael Lenox, Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Rick Vanden Bergh, eds. Strategy Beyond Markets. Vol. 34, Advances in Strategic Management. Emerald Group Publishing, 2016.
      • Spring 2016
      • Article

      Has Social Science Taken Over Electoral Campaigns and Should We Regret It?

      By: Vincent Pons
      Keywords: Data Analytics; Elections; Electoral Campaigns; Persuasion; Randomized Experiments
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      Pons, Vincent. "Has Social Science Taken Over Electoral Campaigns and Should We Regret It?" French Politics, Culture and Society 34, no. 1 (Spring 2016): 34–47.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Selling to a Moving Target: Dynamic Marketing Effects in US Presidential Elections

      By: Doug J. Chung and Lingling Zhang
      We examine the effects of various political campaign activities on voter preferences in the domain of US Presidential elections. We construct a comprehensive data set that covers the three most recent elections, with detailed records of voter preferences at the...  View Details
      Keywords: Multi-channel Marketing; Personal Selling; Advertising; Political Campaigns; Dynamic Panel Data; Instrumental Variables; Marketing Communications; Political Elections; Advertising Campaigns; United States
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      Chung, Doug J., and Lingling Zhang. "Selling to a Moving Target: Dynamic Marketing Effects in US Presidential Elections." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-095, June 2015. (Revised December 2015.)
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      An American Democracy Network: Factors Shaping the Future of On-line Political Campaigns
      Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity
      → Search All HBS Web
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