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- April 2022
- Case
Conflicts of Interest at Bell Bank
By: Jonas Heese
In 2013, two employees debated whether to blow the whistle on their employer, Bell Bank, after completing an internal review that revealed undisclosed conflicts of interest. Bell Bank’s Asset Management business disproportionately invested clients’ money in Bell Bank’s...
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Keywords:
Whistleblower;
Whistleblowing;
Mutual Funds;
Conflicts Of Interest;
Decision Making;
Decisions;
Judgments;
Ethics;
Moral Sensibility;
Values and Beliefs;
Finance;
Financial Institutions;
Banks and Banking;
Financial Management;
Investment;
Investment Funds;
Governance;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Disclosure;
Corporate Governance;
Governance Compliance;
Governance Controls;
Policy;
Law;
Legal Liability;
Social Psychology;
Motivation and Incentives;
Perception;
Perspective;
Trust;
Financial Services Industry;
North and Central America;
United States
- April 2022
- Article
Predictable Financial Crises
Using historical data on post-war financial crises around the world, we show that crises are substantially predictable. The combination of rapid credit and asset price growth over the prior three years, whether in the nonfinancial business or the household sector, is...
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Greenwood, Robin, Samuel G. Hanson, Andrei Shleifer, and Jakob Ahm Sørensen. "Predictable Financial Crises." Journal of Finance 77, no. 2 (April 2022): 863–921.
- Article
Eliminating Unintended Bias in Personalized Policies Using Bias-Eliminating Adapted Trees (BEAT)
By: Eva Ascarza and Ayelet Israeli
An inherent risk of algorithmic personalization is disproportionate targeting of individuals from certain groups (or demographic characteristics such as gender or race), even when the decision maker does not intend to discriminate based on those “protected”... View Details
Keywords:
Algorithm Bias;
Personalization;
Targeting;
Generalized Random Forests (GRF);
Discrimination;
Customization and Personalization;
Decision Making;
Fairness;
Mathematical Methods
Ascarza, Eva, and Ayelet Israeli. "Eliminating Unintended Bias in Personalized Policies Using Bias-Eliminating Adapted Trees (BEAT)." e2115126119. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 11 (March 8, 2022).
- 2022
- Book
Legacy of Violence: A History of the British Empire
Sprawling across a quarter of the world’s land mass and claiming nearly seven hundred million people, Britain’s twentieth-century empire was the largest empire in human history. For many Britons, it epitomized their nation’s cultural superiority, but what legacy did...
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Keywords:
Imperialism;
Violence;
Colonialism;
History;
Government and Politics;
Power and Influence;
Race;
Policy;
United Kingdom
Elkins, Caroline M. Legacy of Violence: A History of the British Empire. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2022.
- February 2022
- Case
CityScore: Big Data Comes to Boston
By: Boris Groysberg and Sarah L. Abbott
In 2016, Martin “Marty” Walsh, the Mayor of Boston, introduced CityScore, a data dashboard that measured the city’s progress across a range of metrics. The dashboard was updated daily and publicly available. The mayor frequently discussed the CityScore targets in...
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Keywords:
Analytics and Data Science;
Government Administration;
Leadership;
Transformation;
City;
Measurement and Metrics;
Public Administration Industry;
Boston;
United States
Groysberg, Boris, and Sarah L. Abbott. "CityScore: Big Data Comes to Boston." Harvard Business School Case 422-050, February 2022.
- February 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
MicroStrategy's Investment in Bitcoin
By: C. Fritz Foley
At the end of the second quarter of 2020, MicroStrategy, a Virginia based provider of analytics software and services, announced plans to acquire and hold bitcoin as a part of the firm’s treasury reserve policy and corporate strategy. Within a year, the firm purchased...
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Foley, C. Fritz. "MicroStrategy's Investment in Bitcoin." Harvard Business School Case 222-048, February 2022. (Revised March 2022.)
- January 2022
- Article
People Overestimate the Self-Presentation Costs of Deadline Extension Requests
By: Ashley V. Whillans, Jaewon Yoon and Grant Donnelly
Across five studies (N = 4,151), we investigate a novel barrier that prevents people from making personally beneficial requests: the overestimation of self-presentation costs. Even when deadlines are easily adjustable, people are less likely to request an extension and...
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Keywords:
Extension Request;
Help Request;
Task Deadlines;
Self-presentation;
Meta-perceptions;
Time Management;
Behavior;
Perception
Whillans, Ashley V., Jaewon Yoon, and Grant Donnelly. "People Overestimate the Self-Presentation Costs of Deadline Extension Requests." Art. 104253. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 98 (January 2022).
- Article
Megastudies Improve the Impact of Applied Behavioural Science
By: Katherine L. Milkman, Dena Gromet, Hung Ho, Joseph S. Kay, Timothy W. Lee, Pepi Pandiloski, Yeji Park, Aneesh Rai, Max Bazerman, John Beshears, Lauri Bonacorsi, Colin Camerer, Edward Chang, Gretchen Chapman, Robert Cialdini, Hengchen Dai, Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, Ayelet Fishbach, James J. Gross, Samantha Horn, Alexa Hubbard, Steven J. Jones, Dean Karlan, Tim Kautz, Erika Kirgios, Joowon Klusowski, Ariella Kristal, Rahul Ladhania, Jens Ludwig, George Loewenstein, Barbara Mellers, Sendhil Mullainathan, Silvia Saccardo, Jann Spiess, Gaurav Suri, Joachim H. Talloen, Jamie Taxer, Yaacov Trope, Lyle Ungar, Kevin G. Volpp, Ashley Whillans, Jonathan Zinman and Angela L. Duckworth
Policy-makers are increasingly turning to behavioural science for insights about how to improve citizens’ decisions and outcomes. Typically, different scientists test different intervention ideas in different samples using different outcomes over different time...
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Milkman, Katherine L., Dena Gromet, Hung Ho, Joseph S. Kay, Timothy W. Lee, Pepi Pandiloski, Yeji Park, Aneesh Rai, Max Bazerman, John Beshears, Lauri Bonacorsi, Colin Camerer, Edward Chang, Gretchen Chapman, Robert Cialdini, Hengchen Dai, Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, Ayelet Fishbach, James J. Gross, Samantha Horn, Alexa Hubbard, Steven J. Jones, Dean Karlan, Tim Kautz, Erika Kirgios, Joowon Klusowski, Ariella Kristal, Rahul Ladhania, Jens Ludwig, George Loewenstein, Barbara Mellers, Sendhil Mullainathan, Silvia Saccardo, Jann Spiess, Gaurav Suri, Joachim H. Talloen, Jamie Taxer, Yaacov Trope, Lyle Ungar, Kevin G. Volpp, Ashley Whillans, Jonathan Zinman, and Angela L. Duckworth. "Megastudies Improve the Impact of Applied Behavioural Science." Nature 600, no. 7889 (December 16, 2021): 478–483.
- Article
A Prescriptive Analytics Framework for Optimal Policy Deployment Using Heterogeneous Treatment Effects
By: Edward McFowland III, Sandeep Gangarapu, Ravi Bapna and Tianshu Sun
We define a prescriptive analytics framework that addresses the needs of a constrained decision-maker facing, ex ante, unknown costs and benefits of multiple policy levers. The framework is general in nature and can be deployed in any utility maximizing context, public...
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Keywords:
Prescriptive Analytics;
Heterogeneous Treatment Effects;
Optimization;
Observed Rank Utility Condition (OUR);
Between-treatment Heterogeneity;
Machine Learning;
Decision Making;
Analysis;
Mathematical Methods
McFowland III, Edward, Sandeep Gangarapu, Ravi Bapna, and Tianshu Sun. "A Prescriptive Analytics Framework for Optimal Policy Deployment Using Heterogeneous Treatment Effects." MIS Quarterly 45, no. 4 (December 2021): 1807–1832.
- November 2021
- Article
A Salient Sugar Tax Decreases Sugary Drink Buying
By: Grant E. Donnelly, Paige Guge, Ryan Howell and Leslie John
Many governments have introduced sugary drink excise taxes to reduce purchasing and consumption of such drinks; however, they do not typically stipulate how such taxes should be communicated at point-of-purchase. Historical, field, and experimental data entailing over...
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Keywords:
Decision-making;
Open Data;
Open Materials;
Preregistered;
Health;
Policy;
Taxation;
Consumer Behavior;
Decision Making
Donnelly, Grant E., Paige Guge, Ryan Howell, and Leslie John. "A Salient Sugar Tax Decreases Sugary Drink Buying." Psychological Science 32, no. 11 (November 2021): 1830–1841.
- November 2021
- Article
The Nixon Doctrine and the Making of Authoritarian Regimes in Island Southeast Asia
By: Mattias Fibiger
This article argues that the Nixon Doctrine was an instrument of authoritarianization in island Southeast Asia. It traces the formulation of the Nixon Doctrine and its implementation through foreign aid decisions, revealing that President Richard Nixon and his chief...
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Keywords:
Diplomacy;
Foreign Aid;
Authoritarianism;
Geopolitics;
Nixon;
International Relations;
Policy;
History;
Southeast Asia;
United States
Fibiger, Mattias. "The Nixon Doctrine and the Making of Authoritarian Regimes in Island Southeast Asia." Diplomatic History 45, no. 5 (November 2021): 954–982.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Increasing the Demand for Workers with a Criminal Record
By: Zoë B. Cullen, Will Dobbie and Mitchell Hoffman
State and local policies increasingly restrict employers’ access to criminal records, but without
addressing the underlying reasons that employers may conduct criminal background checks.
Employers may thus still want to ask about a job applicant’s criminal record...
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Keywords:
Criminal Record;
Hiring;
Job Search;
Selection and Staffing;
Laws and Statutes;
United States
Cullen, Zoë B., Will Dobbie, and Mitchell Hoffman. "Increasing the Demand for Workers with a Criminal Record." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-023, September 2021. (Revise and Resubmit at The Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
- October 2021 (Revised February 2022)
- Case
Green Hydrogen in Chile
By: Tarun Khanna, Jenyfeer Martínez Buitrago and Mariana Cal
In 2020, the Chilean government wants to promote green hydrogen, a technology with high potential to help mitigate climate change. President Sebastián Piñera, aware of the country's advantages to produce green hydrogen competitively, asks Energy Minister Juan Carlos...
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Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Decision Making;
Alternative Energy;
Renewable Energy;
Climate Change;
Environmental Sustainability;
Green Technology;
Financial Instruments;
Energy Policy;
Government Administration;
Strategy;
Government and Politics;
Social Issues;
Energy Industry;
Latin America;
South America;
Chile
Khanna, Tarun, Jenyfeer Martínez Buitrago, and Mariana Cal. "Green Hydrogen in Chile." Harvard Business School Case 722-361, October 2021. (Revised February 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Coupling and Coupling Compromises in Supplier Factories' Responses to Worker Activism
By: Yanhua Bird, Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Many companies have adopted corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies in response to activist pressure, but ensuring the implementation of these policies is challenging. Recognizing the paucity of research on the effect of contentious activism on companies’...
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Keywords:
Monitoring;
Apparel Manufacturing;
Protests;
Activism;
Union;
Compensation;
Operations;
Supply Chain Management;
Quality;
Safety;
Social Issues;
Labor Unions;
Wages;
Compensation and Benefits;
Retail Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
China
Bird, Yanhua, Jodi L. Short, and Michael W. Toffel. "Coupling and Coupling Compromises in Supplier Factories' Responses to Worker Activism." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-114, April 2021. (Revised March 2022.)
- March 2021 (Revised May 2021)
- Case
ALDDN: Advancing Local Dairy Development in Nigeria
By: Meg Rithmire and Debora L. Spar
In 2020, Ndidi Nwuneli, founder and CEO of Sahel Consulting in Nigeria, faced a thorny set of problems. Her firm partnered with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in a large project to develop the local dairy industry as a way to facilitate equitable growth and...
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Keywords:
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Food;
Rural Scope;
Growth and Development;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Business and Government Relations;
Equality and Inequality;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Consulting Industry;
Nigeria
Rithmire, Meg, and Debora L. Spar. "ALDDN: Advancing Local Dairy Development in Nigeria." Harvard Business School Case 721-026, March 2021. (Revised May 2021.)
- March 2021
- Supplement
Snapp: Scaling Under Sanctions in Iran (B)
By: Meg Rithmire and Gamze Yucaoglu
The case opens in November 2020 as Eyad Alkassar and Mahmoud Fouz, co-founders of Iran’s first and leading ride-hailing platform, Snapp, eagerly await the results of the U.S. presidential elections.
The case takes us through the challenging times between... View Details
The case takes us through the challenging times between... View Details
Keywords:
Sanctions;
Change Management;
Disruption;
Volatility;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Government and Politics;
International Relations;
National Security;
Crisis Management;
Risk Management;
Health Pandemics;
Transportation Industry;
Middle East;
Iran
Rithmire, Meg, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Snapp: Scaling Under Sanctions in Iran (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 721-036, March 2021.
- March 2021
- Article
Deliberately Prejudiced Self-driving Vehicles Elicit the Most Outrage
By: Julian De Freitas and Mina Cikara
Should self-driving vehicles be prejudiced, e.g., deliberately harm the elderly over young children? When people make such forced-choices on the vehicle’s behalf, they exhibit systematic preferences (e.g., favor young children), yet when their options are unconstrained...
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Keywords:
Moral Judgment;
Autonomous Vehicles;
Driverless Policy;
Moral Outrage;
Moral Sensibility;
Judgments;
Transportation;
Policy
De Freitas, Julian, and Mina Cikara. "Deliberately Prejudiced Self-driving Vehicles Elicit the Most Outrage." Cognition 208 (March 2021).
- Article
How Venture Capitalists Make Decisions
By: Paul A. Gompers, Will Gornall, Steven Kaplan and Ilya Strebulaev
For decades now, venture capitalists have played a crucial role in the economy by financing high-growth start-ups. While the companies they’ve backed—Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google, and more—are constantly in the headlines, very little is known about what VCs actually...
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Gompers, Paul A., Will Gornall, Steven Kaplan, and Ilya Strebulaev. "How Venture Capitalists Make Decisions." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 2 (March–April 2021).
- February 2021
- Case
Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (A)
By: Henry McGee, Nien-hê Hsieh and Christian Godwin
In 2015, Apple CEO Tim Cook debuted the iPhone 6S with enhanced security measures that enflamed a debate on privacy and public safety around the world. The iPhone 6S, amid a heightened concern for privacy following the 2013 revelation of clandestine U.S. surveillance...
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Keywords:
Iphone;
Encryption;
Data Privacy;
Customers;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decision Making;
Ethics;
Values and Beliefs;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Government and Politics;
National Security;
Law;
Law Enforcement;
Leadership;
Markets;
Safety;
Social Issues;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Civil Society or Community;
Mobile Technology;
Technology Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Telecommunications Industry;
Electronics Industry;
United States;
China;
Hong Kong
McGee, Henry, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Christian Godwin. "Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (A)." Harvard Business School Case 321-004, February 2021.
- February 2021 (Revised May 2021)
- Case
SafeGraph: Selling Data as a Service
By: Ramana Nanda, Abhishek Nagaraj and Allison Ciechanover
Set in January 2021, the CEO of SafeGraph, a four-year-old startup that sold Data as a Service, looked to the future. His aim was to become the most trusted source for data about a physical place. The company provided points of interest (POI) and foot traffic data on...
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Keywords:
Data As A Service;
Monetization;
Pricing;
Business Startups;
Analytics and Data Science;
Consumer Behavior;
Analysis;
Business Model;
Health Pandemics;
Information Industry;
United States
Nanda, Ramana, Abhishek Nagaraj, and Allison Ciechanover. "SafeGraph: Selling Data as a Service." Harvard Business School Case 821-082, February 2021. (Revised May 2021.)