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Platforms use search diversion in order to trade off total consumer traffic for higher revenues derived by exposing consumers to unsolicited products...
We examine two episodes of strategic interaction in the U.K. betting industry: (i) Betfair (an entrant multi-sided platform or MSP) vs. Flutter (also...
- July 2021
- Article
Outsourcing Tasks Online: Matching Supply and Demand on Peer-to-Peer Internet Platforms
By: Zoë Cullen and Chiara Farronato
We study the growth of online peer-to-peer markets. Using data from TaskRabbit, an expanding marketplace for domestic tasks at the time of our study, we show that growth varies considerably across cities. To disentangle the potential drivers of growth, we look...
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- May 2021
- Teaching Note
THE YES: Reimagining the Future of E-Commerce with Artificial Intelligence (AI)
By: Ayelet Israeli and Jill Avery
THE YES, a multi-brand shopping app launched in May 2020 offered a new type of buying experience for women’s fashion, driven by a sophisticated algorithm that used data science and machine learning to create and deliver a personalized store for every shopper, based on...
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Keywords:
Data;
Data Analytics;
Artificial Intelligence;
AI;
AI Algorithms;
AI Creativity;
Fashion;
Retail;
Retail Analytics;
Digital Marketing;
E-commerce;
E-Commerce Strategy;
Platform;
Platforms;
Big Data;
Preference Elicitation;
Predictive Analytics;
App Development;
＂Marketing Analytics＂;
Advertising;
Mobile App;
Mobile Marketing;
Apparel;
Referral Rewards;
Referrals;
Female Ceo;
Female Entrepreneur;
Female Protagonist;
Data and Data Sets;
Analysis;
Creativity;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Behavior;
Demand and Consumers;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Marketing Channels;
Online Advertising;
Online Technology;
Mobile Technology;
Fashion Industry;
Retail Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States
- April 2021 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
StockX: The Stock Market of Things (Abridged)
By: Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb and Julia Kelley
Founded in 2015 by Dan Gilbert, Josh Luber, and Greg Schwartz, StockX was an online platform where users could buy and sell unworn luxury and limited-edition sneakers. Sneaker resale prices often fluctuated over time based on supply and demand, creating a robust...
View Details
Keywords:
Markets;
Auctions;
Bids and Bidding;
Demand and Consumers;
Consumer Behavior;
Data and Data Sets;
Market Design;
Market Platforms;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Multi-Sided Platforms;
Market Transactions;
Marketplace Matching;
Supply and Industry;
Analysis;
Price;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Fashion Industry;
North and Central America;
United States;
Michigan;
Detroit
- March 2021
- Case
Seeding and Selling Asana
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Susie Ma and Amram Migdal
In December 2019, Oliver Jay, Asana’s Chief Revenue Officer (CRO), was reconsidering his go-to-market (GTM) strategy. Asana was cloud-based work management software that enabled users to break up projects into discrete tasks that could be assigned, scheduled, and...
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Keywords:
SaaS;
Customer Journey;
Business Model;
Business Organization;
Change Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Growth Management;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Strategy;
Product Marketing;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Technology Platform;
Online Technology;
Technology Industry;
United States
- February 2021 (Revised March 2021)
- Case
Shopify: The Conquest for Chinese E-Commerce
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Avani Patel, Ariel Yang and Samantha Lin
In mid-2020, Tobias Lütke, CEO of Shopify, faced a critical decision on how to time potential expansion into the China market. Over the prior 15 years, his Canadian software-as-a-service company had grown from a small e-commerce solutions provider to a full service...
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Keywords:
E-commerce;
Timing;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Service Operations;
Business Model;
Organizational Design;
Change Management;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Global Strategy;
Health Pandemics;
Growth Management;
Marketing Strategy;
Technology Platform;
Alliances;
Partners and Partnerships;
Opportunities;
Online Technology;
United States;
Canada;
China
- February 2021 (Revised July 2021)
- Case
TikTok in 2020: Super App or Supernova?
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Dan Maher and Dan O'Brien
TikTok’s parent company, ByteDance, was launched in 2012 around a simple idea – helping users entertain themselves on their smartphones while on the Beijing Subway. In less than a decade, it had become one of the world’s most valuable private companies, with investors...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Business Startups;
Business Organization;
Change Management;
Disruption;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Global Strategy;
Health Pandemics;
Innovation Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Growth Management;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Strategy;
Marketing Channels;
Network Effects;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Partners and Partnerships;
Opportunities;
Social Issues;
Mobile Technology;
Online Technology;
Value Creation;
United States;
China
- January 2021 (Revised March 2021)
- Case
THE YES: Reimagining the Future of E-Commerce with Artificial Intelligence (AI)
By: Jill Avery, Ayelet Israeli and Emma von Maur
THE YES, a multi-brand shopping app launched in May 2020 offered a new type of buying experience for women’s fashion, driven by a sophisticated algorithm that used data science and machine learning to create and deliver a personalized store for every shopper, based on...
View Details
Keywords:
Data;
Data Analytics;
Artificial Intelligence;
AI;
AI Algorithms;
AI Creativity;
Fashion;
Retail;
Retail Analytics;
Digital Marketing;
E-commerce;
E-Commerce Strategy;
Platform;
Platforms;
Big Data;
Preference Elicitation;
Preference Prediction;
Predictive Analytics;
App Development;
＂Marketing Analytics＂;
Advertising;
Mobile App;
Mobile Marketing;
Apparel;
Referral Rewards;
Referrals;
Female Ceo;
Female Entrepreneur;
Female Protagonist;
Data and Data Sets;
Analysis;
Creativity;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Behavior;
Demand and Consumers;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Marketing Channels;
Online Advertising;
Online Technology;
Mobile Technology;
Fashion Industry;
Retail Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States
- Winter 2021
- Editorial
Introduction
This issue of Negotiation Journal is dedicated to the theme of artificial intelligence, technology, and negotiation. It arose from a Program on Negotiation (PON) working conference on that important topic held virtually on May 17–18. The conference was not the...
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- October 2020
- Supplement
OpenIDEO (B)
By: Karim R. Lakhani, Anne-Laure Fayard, Manos Gkeredakis and Jin Hyun Paik
In the midst of 2020, as the coronavirus pandemic was unfolding, OpenIDEO—an online open innovation platform focused on design-driven solutions to social issues—rapidly launched a new challenge to improve access to health information, empower communities to stay safe...
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Keywords:
Innovation Competitions;
IDEO;
Contests;
Contest Design;
Platforms And Ecosystems;
Open Innovation;
Open And User Innovation Strategy;
Diversity;
Design;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Global Range;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation Strategy;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Health Pandemics;
Health;
Information;
Business and Community Relations
- October 2020
- Case
LifeBank Nigeria
By: Brian Trelstad, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Wale Lawal
The aspiration of addressing maternal deaths in Nigeria, which were mostly caused by blood shortages, led Temie Giwa-Tubosun to found LifeBank in 2015. LifeBank developed an online platform that enabled hospitals to connect and purchase blood from local blood banks and...
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- September 2020
- Case
True North: Pioneering Analytics, Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence
By: Karim R. Lakhani, Kairavi Dey and Hannah Mayer
True North was a private equity fund that specialized in the growth and buyout of mid-market, India-centric companies. The leadership team initially believed that technology was not core to traditional businesses and steered clear of new age technology-oriented...
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- September 2020
- Case
Uber at a Crossroads (2017)
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
This case describes the history of Uber, its business model—including the ways it differed from that of the traditional taxi industry—and its competition with Lyft. The case is set in 2017, a year in which Uber was plagued by even more scandals than usual, though its...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Business Model;
Customer Satisfaction;
Fairness;
Values and Beliefs;
Price;
Profit;
Revenue;
Investment;
Government Legislation;
Business History;
Compensation and Benefits;
Resignation and Termination;
Employment;
Wages;
Lawfulness;
Leadership Style;
Leading Change;
Management Style;
Market Entry and Exit;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Product Design;
Organizational Culture;
Problems and Challenges;
Attitudes;
Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Expansion;
Transportation Networks;
Mobile Technology;
Technology Platform;
Valuation;
Transportation Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States
- September 2020
- Teaching Note
Uber: Competing Globally
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-404.
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Keywords:
Business Ventures;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Geography;
Geographic Location;
Geographic Scope;
Global Strategy;
Globalization;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Governance;
Governance Controls;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Innovation and Invention;
Disruptive Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Law;
Management;
Growth and Development;
Growth Management;
Markets;
Demand and Consumers;
Consumer Behavior;
Network Effects;
Emerging Markets;
Market Design;
Market Entry and Exit;
Market Participation;
Supply and Industry;
Industry Structures;
Planning;
Strategic Planning;
Relationships;
Business and Community Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Labor and Management Relations;
Networks;
Adaptation;
Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Competition;
Competitive Advantage;
Competitive Strategy;
Expansion;
Technology;
Mobile Technology;
Technology Platform;
Transportation Networks;
Transportation;
Transportation Industry;
Technology Industry;
Africa;
Ghana;
Asia;
China;
Shanghai;
Shanghai Shi;
India;
New Delhi;
Europe;
United Kingdom;
London;
England;
Latin America;
North and Central America;
United States;
New York (city, NY);
New York (state, US);
South America;
Colombia
- April 2020 (Revised March 2021)
- Case
Uber: Competing Globally
By: Alexander J. MacKay, Amram Migdal and John Masko
This case describes Uber’s global market entry strategy and responses by regulators and local competitors. It details Uber’s entry into New York City (United States), Bogotá (Colombia), Delhi (India), Shanghai (China), Accra (Ghana), and London (United Kingdom). In...
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Keywords:
Business Ventures;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Geography;
Geographic Location;
Geographic Scope;
Globalization;
Global Strategy;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Governance;
Governance Controls;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Innovation and Invention;
Disruptive Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Law;
Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Growth Management;
Markets;
Demand and Consumers;
Consumer Behavior;
Network Effects;
Emerging Markets;
Market Design;
Market Entry and Exit;
Market Participation;
Supply and Industry;
Industry Structures;
Planning;
Strategic Planning;
Relationships;
Business and Community Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Labor and Management Relations;
Networks;
Strategy;
Adaptation;
Business Strategy;
Competition;
Competitive Advantage;
Competitive Strategy;
Expansion;
Technology;
Mobile Technology;
Technology Platform;
Transportation;
Transportation Networks;
Transportation Industry;
Technology Industry;
Africa;
Ghana;
Asia;
China;
Shanghai Shi;
Shanghai;
India;
New Delhi;
Europe;
United Kingdom;
England;
London;
Latin America;
North and Central America;
United States;
New York (city, NY);
New York (state, US);
South America;
Colombia
- March 2020 (Revised May 2021)
- Case
Racial Discrimination on Airbnb
By: Michael Luca, Scott Stern, Devin Cook and Hyunjin Kim
Facing mounting criticism and evidence of widespread racial discrimination on the platform, apartment rental platform Airbnb needed to decide a path forward. For years, Airbnb had given hosts extensive discretion about whether to reject a guest after seeing little more...
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- March 2020
- Teaching Note
Racial Discrimination on Airbnb: The Role of Platform Design
By: Michael Luca
Teaching Note for HBS No. 920-051.
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- February 2020
- Case
Klöckner & Co: Steeling for a Digital World
By: Scott Duke Kominers and Carin-Isabel Knoop
Hoping to get ahead of potential digital disruption at Klöckner & Co.—one of the world’s largest steel and metal distributors—CEO Gisbert Rühl set up both kloeckner.i (KCI), an internal transformation arm, and XOM Materials (XOM), an independent industry platform. KCI...
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- February 2020 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
StockX: The Stock Market of Things
By: Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton, Annelena Lobb and Julia Kelley
Founded in 2015 by Dan Gilbert, Josh Luber, and Greg Schwartz, StockX was an online platform where users could buy and sell unworn luxury and limited-edition sneakers. Sneaker resale prices often fluctuated over time based on supply and demand, creating a robust...
View Details
Keywords:
Markets;
Auctions;
Bids and Bidding;
Demand and Consumers;
Consumer Behavior;
Data and Data Sets;
Market Design;
Market Platforms;
Two-Sided Platforms;
Multi-Sided Platforms;
Market Transactions;
Marketplace Matching;
Supply and Industry;
Analysis;
Price;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Fashion Industry;
North and Central America;
United States;
Michigan;
Detroit
- 2020
- Working Paper
Market Segmentation Trees
By: Ali Aouad, Adam Elmachtoub, Kris Ferreira and Ryan McNellis
As more commerce and media consumption are being conducted online, a wealth of new opportunities are emerging for personalized advertising. We propose a general methodology, Model Trees for Personalization (MTP), for tackling a broad class of personalized...
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- December 2019
- Case
Steemit: A New Social Media?
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Alexander White and Karen Elterman
This case discusses the alternative social media site Steemit, including the principles it was founded on in 2016 and the challenges it faced in 2019. Steemit was a blockchain-based platform that aimed to differentiate itself from other social media companies by...
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Keywords:
Social Media;
Decision Making;
Decisions;
Voting;
Economic Systems;
Money;
Fairness;
Values and Beliefs;
Goals and Objectives;
Market Platforms;
Product Design;
Design;
Problems and Challenges;
Network Effects;
Motivation and Incentives;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Reputation;
Business Strategy;
Competition;
Online Technology;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
United States;
Virginia;
New York (city, NY)