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      • Faculty Publications  (77)

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      The COVID Two-Step for Leaders: Protect and Pivot
      [This is the fifth installment in a monthly series on management issues in the time of COVID-19.] We have asked approximately 600 CEOs to share with...
      The COVID Two-Step for Leaders: Protect and Pivot
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      • January 2021
      • Case

      eToro: Building the World's Largest Social Trading Network

      By: Elie Ofek and Danielle Golan
      Social trading platform eToro was preparing for the launch of its expanded offering in the U.S. The company faced critical decisions regarding product-market fit, go-to-market strategy, positioning and monetization. Moreover, it faced the challenge of how best to make...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Trading Platform; Investment; Social And Collaborative Networks; Marketing Strategy; Expansion
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      Ofek, Elie, and Danielle Golan. "eToro: Building the World's Largest Social Trading Network." Harvard Business School Case 521-057, January 2021.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann
      To explore determinants of new venture performance, the CEOs of 470 early-stage startups were surveyed regarding a broad range of factors related to their venture’s customer value proposition, product management, marketing, technology and operations, financial...  View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Survey Research; Performance Analysis; Entrepreneurship; Performance; Analysis; Business Startups; Failure; Surveys
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R. "Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-057, October 2020.
      • October 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      Investing at Pivotal Ventures

      By: Emil N. Siriwardane, Emily R. McComb and Eren Kuzucu
      Launched in 2015 by Melinda Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Pivotal Ventures is an investment and incubation company. The company aims to support and promote transformational ideas, people and organizations, and advance social progress for women...  View Details
      Keywords: Investment; Management; Mission And Purpose; Venture Capital
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      Siriwardane, Emil N., Emily R. McComb, and Eren Kuzucu. "Investing at Pivotal Ventures." Harvard Business School Case 221-033, October 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • October 2020
      • Case

      COVID-19 Testing at Everlywell

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Olivia Hull
      In March 2020, as COVID-19 spreads rapidly across the U.S., Everlywell founder Julia Cheek considers how to respond as a small start-up specializing in at-home lab testing. After making dramatic budget cuts, she decides to pivot the organization to address the...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Business Strategy; Venture Capital; Health Care And Treatment; Health Disorders; Leading Change; Technology Adoption; Technology Platform; Competitive Strategy; Science; Adaptation; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Crisis Management; Social Entrepreneurship; Ethics; Government Legislation; Health; Health Testing And Trials; Health Pandemics; Consumer Products Industry; Health Industry; Technology Industry; Texas; United States
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Olivia Hull. "COVID-19 Testing at Everlywell." Harvard Business School Case 821-001, October 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Case

      Disrupting Justice at RightNow: Persevere, Pivot or Perish

      By: Shikhar Ghosh and Amir Reza Rezvani
      The case examines the focus of an early stage company, and how an unexpected external incidence can threaten or void the business model. It encompasses issues such as defining and pivoting a business model, organizational requirements for a pivot, investor relations,...  View Details
      Keywords: Legal Aspects Of Business; Startup; Teams; pivot; Financing; Entrepreneurship; Law; Venture Capital; Business Startups; Financing And Loans; Business Model; Organizational Change And Adaptation; Legal Services Industry; Germany
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, and Amir Reza Rezvani. "Disrupting Justice at RightNow: Persevere, Pivot or Perish." Harvard Business School Case 821-027, September 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Case

      &pizza: Leading an ‘Employee-First’ Company During a Period of Societal Challenges

      By: Francesca Gino and Jeffrey Huizinga
      &Pizza is a pizza chain that in the spring of 2020 finds its business completely up-ended by the COVID-19 crisis and shut-down. Many companies in the restaurant and hospitality sector responded to the crisis by shutting down their operations and laying off employees. ...  View Details
      Keywords: Agility; Crisis; Culture; Values; Health Pandemics; Crisis Management; Leadership; Organizational Culture; Values And Beliefs
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      Gino, Francesca, and Jeffrey Huizinga. "&pizza: Leading an ‘Employee-First’ Company During a Period of Societal Challenges." Harvard Business School Case 921-017, September 2020.
      • September–October 2020
      • Article

      When It's Time to Pivot, What's Your Story?: How to Sell Stakeholders on a New Strategy

      By: Rory McDonald and Robert Bremner
      To succeed, a new company must rally investors, staff, customers, and the media around a good story. But often that narrative turns out to be wrong, and entrepreneurs realize they need to change direction. How that shift is communicated can have a huge impact on a...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Strategy; Change Management; Organizational Change And Adaptation; Communication Strategy; Business And Stakeholder Relations
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      McDonald, Rory, and Robert Bremner. "When It's Time to Pivot, What's Your Story?: How to Sell Stakeholders on a New Strategy." Harvard Business Review 98, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 98–105.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      How History Shaped the Innovator's Dilemma

      By: Tom Nicholas
      In 1993, four years prior to the publication of Clayton Christensen’s highly influential book, The Innovator’s Dilemma, the Business History Review (BHR) published an article by Christensen titled “The Rigid Disk Drive Industry: A History of...  View Details
      Keywords: Clayton Christensen; Research; Impact
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      Nicholas, Tom. "How History Shaped the Innovator's Dilemma." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-014, July 2020. (Revised August 2020.)
      • July 2020
      • Case

      Pivotal Ventures: Bending the Curve on Women’s Power and Influence

      By: Lynda Applegate and Ankita Panda
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      Applegate, Lynda, and Ankita Panda. "Pivotal Ventures: Bending the Curve on Women’s Power and Influence." Harvard Business School Case 821-015, July 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Case

      Career Karma: Growth in a Time of Global Uncertainty (A)

      By: Laura Huang, Elizabeth Jiang and Brandon Yu
      Career Karma is a startup focused on helping individuals looking to transition careers into computer engineering roles or similar fields by preparing them for formal technical training programs, or “coding bootcamps,” that would lead to a successful career pivot upon...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Growth And Maturation; Business Plan; Business Startups; Education; Training; Entrepreneurship; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship; Management; Goals And Objectives; Growth And Development Strategy; Growth Management; Marketing Strategy; Organizations; Mission And Purpose; Personal Development And Career; Health Pandemics; Technology Industry; Education Industry; Employment Industry
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      Huang, Laura, Elizabeth Jiang, and Brandon Yu. "Career Karma: Growth in a Time of Global Uncertainty (A)." Harvard Business School Case 420-121, June 2020.
      • June 24, 2020
      • Article

      Wolfgang Puck on Leading His Restaurants Through the Pandemic

      By: Boris Groysberg
      Chef Wolfgang Puck shares his experience leading his restaurants and other businesses through the pandemic crisis. He explains how his company has pivoted to find new sources of revenue and how he has become a vocal advocate for the restaurant industry. He also...  View Details
      Keywords: Coronavirus Pandemic; Restaurants; Restaurant Industry; Reopening; Health Pandemics; Crisis Management; Organizational Change And Adaptation; Safety
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      Groysberg, Boris. "Wolfgang Puck on Leading His Restaurants Through the Pandemic." Harvard Business Review (website) (June 24, 2020).
      • 2020
      • Article

      A Practical Approach to Sales Compensation: What Do We Know Now? What Should We Know in the Future?

      By: Doug J. Chung, Byungyeon Kim and Niladri B. Syam
      Personal selling represents one of the most important elements in the marketing mix, and appropriate management of the sales force is vital to achieving the organization’s objectives. Among the various instruments of sales management, compensation plays a pivotal role...  View Details
      Keywords: Sales Compensation; Sales Management; Sales Strategy; Principal-agent Theory; Structural Econometrics; Field Experiments; Machine Learning; Artificial Intelligence; Salesforce Management; Compensation And Benefits; Motivation And Incentives
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      Chung, Doug J., Byungyeon Kim, and Niladri B. Syam. "A Practical Approach to Sales Compensation: What Do We Know Now? What Should We Know in the Future?" Foundations and Trends® in Marketing 14, no. 1 (2020): 1–52.
      • May 2020
      • Case

      Trust Merchant Bank

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Pippa Tubman Armerding, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha and Salim Dewji
      Trust Merchant Bank (TMB), a leading bank in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), needs to decide whether to enter the soon-to-be-liberalized insurance industry. Since its founding in 2004, TMB has played a pivotal role in reshaping the DRC banking landscape by...  View Details
      Keywords: Retail Banking; Financial Services; Financial Inclusion; Turnaround; Fintech; Banks And Banking; Financial Condition; Insurance; Corporate Strategy; Expansion; Business Model; Family Business; Entrepreneurship; Technology; Monopoly; Banking Industry; Insurance Industry; Africa; Congo, Democratic Republic Of The
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Pippa Tubman Armerding, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha, and Salim Dewji. "Trust Merchant Bank." Harvard Business School Case 720-449, May 2020.
      • May 2020 (Revised July 2020)
      • Case

      Justice-as-a-Service at RightNow

      By: Shikhar Ghosh and Amir Reza Rezvani
      The case examines the focus of an early stage company, and how an unexpected external incidence can threaten or void the business model. It encompasses issues such as minimal viable product, defining and pivoting a business model, organizational requirements for a...  View Details
      Keywords: Legacy Business; Teams; Startup; Business Models; pivot; Entrepreneurship; Law; Venture Capital; Business Startups; Business Model; Organizational Change And Adaptation; Strategy; Legal Services Industry; Germany
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, and Amir Reza Rezvani. "Justice-as-a-Service at RightNow." Harvard Business School Case 820-117, May 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
      • May 2020 (Revised September 2020)
      • Case

      Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Amy Klopfenstein and Amram Migdal
      In November 2019, Sandra Richter, co-founder and CEO of Soofa, a network of advertising-supported digital bulletin boards, must decide between two different fundraising and expansion plans for her company. One plan entails raising $15 million in a Series A round and...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Model; Business Plan; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Decision Making; Decisions; Ethics; Geography; Geopolitical Units; Finance; Investment; Markets; Market Entry And Exit; Demand And Consumers; Network Effects; Media; Society; Urban Development; Sustainable Cities; Technology; Hardware; Technology Platform; Strategy; Business Strategy; Expansion; Relationships; Partners And Partnerships; Capital; Venture Capital; Advertising Industry; Technology Industry; Media And Broadcasting Industry; North And Central America; United States; Massachusetts; Cambridge
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Amy Klopfenstein, and Amram Migdal. "Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?" Harvard Business School Case 820-098, May 2020. (Revised September 2020.)
      • May 5, 2020
      • Article

      Why the Crisis Is Putting Companies at Risk of Losing Female Talent

      By: Colleen Ammerman and Boris Groysberg
      There has been a massive shift in how work gets done inside many companies and the global pivot to working remotely will likely change how many think about face time and rigid work schedules. Might these changes benefit women? The authors argue that will depend on how...  View Details
      Keywords: Coronavirus Pandemic; Remote Work; Flexible Work Arrangements; Health Pandemics; Employees; Working Conditions; Gender
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      Ammerman, Colleen, and Boris Groysberg. "Why the Crisis Is Putting Companies at Risk of Losing Female Talent." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (May 5, 2020).
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      On the Representativeness of Voter Turnout

      By: Louis Kaplow and Scott Duke Kominers
      Prominent theory research on voting uses models in which expected pivotality drives voters' turnout decisions and hence determines voting outcomes. It is recognized, however, that such work is at odds with Downs's paradox: in practice, many individuals turn out for...  View Details
      Keywords: Voter Turnout; Paradox Of Voting; Pivotality; Elections; Model; Voting; Behavior; Theory
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      Kaplow, Louis, and Scott Duke Kominers. "On the Representativeness of Voter Turnout." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-097, March 2020.
      • February 2020
      • Case

      Wellthy: The Economics of Caring

      By: Brian Trelstad and Joseph B. Fuller
      In 2014, Lindsay Jurist-Rosner (MBA ’09) founded Wellthy, a B2C business that coordinates care for working professionals seeking help to support loved ones with chronic diseases or aging parents. With personal experience as a young professional providing care for her...  View Details
      Keywords: B2b Vs. B2c; Future Of Work; Health; Social Entrepreneurship; Health Industry; United States
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Joseph B. Fuller. "Wellthy: The Economics of Caring." Harvard Business School Case 320-028, February 2020.
      • December 2019
      • Case

      WeWork Files for an IPO

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      For the board of The We Company—better known as WeWork—August 14, 2019, promised to be a pivotal day. It was then that WeWork’s IPO prospectus, known as an S-1 filing, would be made public, giving potential investors, the media, and the general public a window into the...  View Details
      Keywords: Capital Structure; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Going Public; Leadership; Management; Private Equity; Valuation; Venture Capital; Real Estate Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "WeWork Files for an IPO." Harvard Business School Case 320-063, December 2019.
      • November–December 2019
      • Article

      Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures

      By: Rory McDonald and Cheng Gao
      New ventures often experience deviations from their plans that oblige them to reorient in pursuit of better fit between their evolving products and their target customers. Yet research is largely silent on how managers explain such changes and justify their ventures in...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategic Reorientation; Technology Entrepreneurship; Innovation; Product Development Processes; Organizational Adaptation; Qualitative Methods (general); Entrepreneurship; Technology; Organizational Change And Adaptation; Strategy; Innovation And Invention; Product Development; Communication Strategy
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      McDonald, Rory, and Cheng Gao. "Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures." Organization Science 30, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 1289–1318.
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      The COVID Two-Step for Leaders: Protect and Pivot
      [This is the fifth installment in a monthly series on management issues in the time of COVID-19.] We have asked approximately 600 CEOs to share with...
      The COVID Two-Step for Leaders: Protect and Pivot
      → Search All HBS Web
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