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- 2023
- Working Paper
The Real Effects of Fair Workweek Laws on Work Schedules: Evidence from Chicago, Los Angeles, and Philadelphia
By: Caleb Kwon and Ananth Raman
Effective in eight jurisdictions and banned in four, Fair Workweek Laws (FWL) aim to increase the predictability and stability of work schedules. Among other requirements, these laws penalize employers for unilaterally adjusting work schedules without providing some...
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Kwon, Caleb, and Ananth Raman. "The Real Effects of Fair Workweek Laws on Work Schedules: Evidence from Chicago, Los Angeles, and Philadelphia." Working Paper, October 2023.
- August 2023
- Article
Status and Mortality: Is There a Whitehall Effect in the United States?
By: Tom Nicholas
The influential Whitehall studies found that top-ranking civil servants in Britain experienced lower mortality than civil servants below them in the organizational hierarchy due to differential exposure to workplace stress. I test for a Whitehall effect in the United...
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Nicholas, Tom. "Status and Mortality: Is There a Whitehall Effect in the United States?" Economic History Review 76, no. 3 (August 2023): 1191–1230.
- May 2023
- Article
Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties
By: Wei Cai, Susanna Gallani and Jee-Eun Shin
We examine the incentive effects of subjectivity in allocating tournament-based rewards and punishments. We use data from a company where reward and punishment decisions are based on a combination of objective metrics and subjective performance assessments. Rankings...
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Keywords:
Subjectivity;
Tournament-based Incentives;
Rewards;
Penalties;
Expectancy Theory;
Employees;
Compensation and Benefits;
Management;
Decisions;
Performance;
Measurement and Metrics
Cai, Wei, Susanna Gallani, and Jee-Eun Shin. "Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties." Management Science 69, no. 5 (May 2023): 3121–3139.
- November 2022
- Case
GE: A New Way Forward?
By: David J. Collis and Haisley Wert
One of the most iconic American companies, General Electric (GE) was founded in 1892 in New York state. Named among the original dozen companies on the Dow Jones index in 1896, it was the list’s most tenacious holdout, maintaining its “blue chip” stock status for over...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
GE;
Conglomerate;
Conglomerates;
Corporate Strategy;
Management;
History;
Leadership;
Problems and Challenges;
Change Management;
Transformation;
Strategic Planning;
Value Creation;
New York (state, US)
Collis, David J., and Haisley Wert. "GE: A New Way Forward?" Harvard Business School Case 723-373, November 2022.
- Article
When the Local Newspaper Leaves Town: The Effects of Local Newspaper Closures on Corporate Misconduct
By: Jonas Heese, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos and Caspar David Peter
We examine whether the local press is an effective monitor of corporate misconduct. Specifically, we study the effects of local newspaper closures on violations by local facilities of publicly listed firms. After a local newspaper closure, local facilities increase...
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Heese, Jonas, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos, and Caspar David Peter. "When the Local Newspaper Leaves Town: The Effects of Local Newspaper Closures on Corporate Misconduct." Journal of Financial Economics 145, no. 2B (August 2022): 445–463.
- November 2020
- Article
When the Boss Comes to Town: The Effects of Headquarters' Visits on Facility-Level Misconduct
By: Jonas Heese and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos
We study the effects of headquarters’ visits on facility-level misconduct. We use the staggered introduction of airline routes to identify exogenous travel-time reductions between headquarters and facilities and test whether such reductions affect facility-level...
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Keywords:
Corporate Misconduct;
Visits By Management;
Flight Routes;
Control Systems;
Compliance Programs;
Performance Pressure;
Business or Company Management;
Management Systems;
Governance Controls;
Governance Compliance;
Performance Expectations
Heese, Jonas, and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos. "When the Boss Comes to Town: The Effects of Headquarters' Visits on Facility-Level Misconduct." Accounting Review 95, no. 6 (November 2020): 235–261.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Optimal Illiquidity
By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Clayton, Christopher Harris, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
We calculate the socially optimal level of illiquidity in an economy populated by households with taste shocks and naive present bias. The government chooses mandatory contributions to accounts, each witha different pre-retirement withdrawal penalty. Collected...
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Keywords:
Illiquidity;
Commitment;
Flexibility;
Savings;
Social Security;
Retirement;
Government Legislation;
Taxation;
Saving
Beshears, John, James J. Choi, Christopher Clayton, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Optimal Illiquidity." Working Paper, July 2022.
- Article
The Impact of Penalties for Wrong Answers on the Gender Gap in Test Scores
By: Katherine B. Coffman and David Klinowski
Multiple-choice exams play a critical role in university admissions across the world. A key question is whether imposing penalties for wrong answers on these exams deters guessing from women more than men, disadvantaging female test-takers. We consider data from a...
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Coffman, Katherine B., and David Klinowski. "The Impact of Penalties for Wrong Answers on the Gender Gap in Test Scores." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 16 (April 21, 2020): 8794–8803.
- March 2020
- Article
Which Early Withdrawal Penalty Attracts the Most Deposits to a Commitment Savings Account?
By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and Jung Sakong
Previous research has shown that some people voluntarily use commitment contracts that restrict their own choice sets. We study how people divide money between two accounts: a liquid account that permits unrestricted withdrawals and a commitment account that is...
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Keywords:
Quasi-hyperbolic Discounting;
Present Bias;
Sophistication;
Naiveté;
Commitment;
Flexibility;
Savings;
Contract Design;
Defined Contribution Retirement Plan;
401 (K);
IRA;
Saving;
Behavior;
Contracts;
Design;
Interest Rates
Beshears, John, James J. Choi, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, and Jung Sakong. "Which Early Withdrawal Penalty Attracts the Most Deposits to a Commitment Savings Account?" Art. 104144. Journal of Public Economics 183 (March 2020).
- 2021
- Working Paper
Status and Mortality: Is There a Whitehall Effect in the United States?
By: Tom Nicholas
The influential Whitehall studies found top-ranking civil servants in Britain experienced lower
mortality than civil servants below them in the organizational hierarchy. I test for a Whitehall
effect in the lifespan of a 1930 cohort of white collar employees at a...
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Keywords:
Mortality;
Status;
Socioeconomic Determinants Of Health;
Employees;
Status and Position;
Health
Nicholas, Tom. "Status and Mortality: Is There a Whitehall Effect in the United States?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-074, January 2020. (Revised June 2022.)
- November–December 2019
- Article
Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures
By: Rory McDonald and Cheng Gao
New ventures often experience deviations from their plans that oblige them to reorient in pursuit of better fit between their evolving products and their target customers. Yet research is largely silent on how managers explain such changes and justify their ventures in...
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Keywords:
Strategic Reorientation;
Technology Entrepreneurship;
Innovation;
Product Development Processes;
Organizational Adaptation;
Qualitative Methods (General);
Entrepreneurship;
Information Technology;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Strategy;
Innovation and Invention;
Product Development;
Communication Strategy
McDonald, Rory, and Cheng Gao. "Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures." Organization Science 30, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 1289–1318.
- Article
Seeker Beware: The Interpersonal Costs of Ignoring Advice
Prior advice research has focused on why people rely on (or ignore) advice and its impact on judgment accuracy. We expand the consideration of advice-seeking outcomes by investigating the interpersonal consequences of advice seekers’ decisions. Across nine studies, we...
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Keywords:
Advice;
Advice Seeking;
Expertise;
Impression Management;
Wisdom Of Crowds;
Interpersonal Communication;
Relationships;
Behavior;
Experience and Expertise;
Perception;
Judgments;
Outcome or Result
Blunden, Hayley, Jennifer M. Logg, Alison Wood Brooks, Leslie John, and Francesca Gino. "Seeker Beware: The Interpersonal Costs of Ignoring Advice." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 150 (January 2019): 83–100.
- August 2017
- Article
Incentives versus Reciprocity: Insights from a Field Experiment
By: Doug J. Chung and Das Narayandas
We conduct a field experiment in which we vary the sales force compensation scheme at an Asian enterprise that sells consumer durable goods. With variation generated by the experimental treatments, we model sales force performance to identify the effectiveness of...
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Keywords:
Sales Force Compensation;
Field Experiment;
Heterogeneity;
Loss Aversion;
Reciprocity;
Salesforce Management;
Compensation and Benefits
Chung, Doug J., and Das Narayandas. "Incentives versus Reciprocity: Insights from a Field Experiment." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 54, no. 4 (August 2017): 511–524. (Lead article.)
- Article
The Scandal Effect
By: Boris Groysberg, Eric Lin, George Serafeim and Robin Abrahams
Executives with scandal-tainted companies on their résumés pay a penalty on the job market, even if they clearly had nothing to do with the trouble. Because the scandal effect is lasting, a company you left long ago could have an impact on your current and future job...
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Keywords:
Misconduct;
Career;
Career Management;
Career Changes;
Executive Leadership;
Executive Development;
Crime and Corruption;
Executive Compensation;
Personal Development and Career;
Management Skills;
Management Teams
Groysberg, Boris, Eric Lin, George Serafeim, and Robin Abrahams. "The Scandal Effect." Harvard Business Review 94, no. 9 (September 2016): 90–98.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Experimental Evidence on Policies Aimed at Closing the Gender Gap in Willingness to Guess on Multiple-Choice Tests
Research has shown that women skip more questions than men on multiple-choice tests with penalties for wrong answers. We propose and test five policy changes aimed at eliminating this source of gender bias in test scores. Our data show that simply removing the penalty...
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- 2016
- Article
Penalized Fast Subset Scanning
By: Skyler Speakman, Sriram Somanchi, Edward McFowland III and Daniel B. Neill
We present the penalized fast subset scan (PFSS), a new and general framework for scalable and accurate pattern detection. PFSS enables exact and efficient identification of the most anomalous subsets of the data, as measured by a likelihood ratio scan statistic....
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Keywords:
Disease Surveillance;
Likelihood Ratio Statistic;
Pattern Detection;
Scan Statistic;
Mathematical Methods
Speakman, Skyler, Sriram Somanchi, Edward McFowland III, and Daniel B. Neill. "Penalized Fast Subset Scanning." Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 25, no. 2 (2016): 382–404. (Selected for “Best of JCGS” invited session by the journal’s editor in chief.)
- Article
Liquidity in Retirement Savings Systems: An International Comparison
By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Joshua Hurwitz, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
We compare the liquidity that six developed countries have built into their employer-based defined contribution (DC) retirement schemes. In Germany, Singapore, and the UK, withdrawals are essentially banned no matter what kind of transitory income shock the household...
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Keywords:
Saving;
Financial Liquidity;
Retirement;
Canada;
Germany;
Australia;
United Kingdom;
United States;
Singapore
Beshears, John, James J. Choi, Joshua Hurwitz, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Liquidity in Retirement Savings Systems: An International Comparison." American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 105, no. 5 (May 2015): 420–425.
- 2015
- Working Paper
Incentives versus Reciprocity: Insights from a Field Experiment
By: Doug J. Chung and Das Narayandas
We conduct a field experiment in which we vary the sales force compensation scheme at an Asian enterprise that sells consumer durable goods. With variation generated by the experimental treatments, we model sales force performance to identify the effectiveness of...
View Details
Keywords:
Sales Force Compensation;
Field Experiment;
Heterogeneity;
Loss Aversion;
Reciprocity;
Motivation and Incentives;
Salesforce Management;
Compensation and Benefits
Chung, Doug J., and Das Narayandas. "Incentives versus Reciprocity: Insights from a Field Experiment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-084, April 2015. (Revised November 2015.)
- September 2014
- Article
OSHA Inspections Should Be Welcome: Results from a Natural Field Experiment in California
By: David I. Levine and Michael W. Toffel
For companies with strong internal occupational safety and health auditing programs, OSHA inspections might seem a formality that risk uncovering, at most, nitpicky deviations from the thousands of pages of safety regulations. For those with poor safety practices, OSHA...
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Keywords:
Business and Government Relations;
Operations;
Safety;
Governance Compliance;
United States;
California
Levine, David I., and Michael W. Toffel. "OSHA Inspections Should Be Welcome: Results from a Natural Field Experiment in California." The Compass (Newsletter of the American Society of Safety Engineers) 14, no. 1 (September 2014): 4.
- Article
Avoiding the Costs of Negotiation: A Commentary on "Is Unilateralism Always Bad?"
Why, if an outcome is in the interests of both sides, should it not be negotiated rather than unilaterally imposed? This comment offers additional reasons to prefer negotiation (beyond those adduced in the original article) over unilateral action, even where such...
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Sebenius, James K. Avoiding the Costs of Negotiation: A Commentary on "Is Unilateralism Always Bad?". Negotiation Journal 30, no. 2 (April 2014): 165–168.