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Publications

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      • Faculty Publications  (32)

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      • November 2019
      • Case

      Chief: Role for Carolyn Childers

      By: Katherine B. Coffman, Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Kathleen L. McGinn, Katherine Chen and Julia Kelley
      In 2018, Carolyn Childers is preparing to launch Chief, a New York-based peer network for women executives, and must decide whether to bring on a co-founder. After becoming the senior vice president of operations at her previous company, Childers was inspired to build...  View Details
      Keywords: Networking; Founders; Entrepreneurship; Networks; Negotiation
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      Coffman, Katherine B., Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Kathleen L. McGinn, Katherine Chen, and Julia Kelley. "Chief: Role for Carolyn Childers." Harvard Business School Case 920-019, November 2019.
      • Article

      Valuing Time Over Money Is Associated with Greater Social Connection

      By: A.V. Whillans and Elizabeth W. Dunn
      Can the trade-offs that people make between time and money shape our social relationships? Across three studies, utilizing self-report (N=127; N=249) and behavioral outcomes (N=358), we provide the first evidence that the chronic orientation to prioritize time over...  View Details
      Keywords: Time; Belonging; Social Connection; Trade-offs; Well-being; Money; Value; Relationships; Social and Collaborative Networks
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      Whillans, A.V., and Elizabeth W. Dunn. "Valuing Time Over Money Is Associated with Greater Social Connection." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 8 (August 2019): 2549–2565.
      • June 2019
      • Article

      Learning From Mum: Cross-National Evidence Linking Maternal Employment and Adult Children’s Outcomes

      By: Kathleen L. McGinn, Mayra Ruiz Castro and Elizabeth Long Lingo
      Analyses relying on two international surveys from over 100,000 men and women across 29 countries explore the relationship between maternal employment and adult daughters’ and sons’ employment and domestic outcomes. In the employment sphere, adult daughters, but not...  View Details
      Keywords: Female Labor Force Participation; Gender Attitudes; Household Labor; Maternal Employment; Social Class; Social Learning Theory; Social Mobility; Employment; Gender; Attitudes; Household; Labor; Learning; Outcome or Result
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      McGinn, Kathleen L., Mayra Ruiz Castro, and Elizabeth Long Lingo. "Learning From Mum: Cross-National Evidence Linking Maternal Employment and Adult Children’s Outcomes." Work, Employment and Society 33, no. 3 (June 2019): 374–400.
      • Article

      Diversity Thresholds: How Social Norms, Visibility, and Scrutiny Relate to Group Composition

      By: Edward H. Chang, Katherine L. Milkman, Dolly Chugh and Modupe Akinola
      Across a field study and four experiments, we examine how social norms and scrutiny affect decisions about adding members of underrepresented populations (e.g., women, racial minorities) to groups. When groups are scrutinized, we theorize that decision makers strive to...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Norms; Impression Management; Groups and Teams; Governing and Advisory Boards; Diversity; Gender; Decision Making
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      Chang, Edward H., Katherine L. Milkman, Dolly Chugh, and Modupe Akinola. "Diversity Thresholds: How Social Norms, Visibility, and Scrutiny Relate to Group Composition." Academy of Management Journal 62, no. 1 (February 2019): 144–171.
      • Article

      Facebook Undermines the Social Belonging of First Year Students

      By: A.V. Whillans and Frances Chen
      We examined whether an online social networking technology (Facebook) influenced students' perceptions of their peers' social connections as well as their own feelings of belonging. In this experiment (N = 601), students were assigned to view Facebook profiles with...  View Details
      Keywords: Facebook; Social Comparisons; Belonging; Social Connection; Relationships; Networks; Familiarity; Perception; Well-being
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      Whillans, A.V., and Frances Chen. "Facebook Undermines the Social Belonging of First Year Students." Special Issue on Examining Personality and Individual Differences in Cyberspace. Personality and Individual Differences 133 (October 15, 2018): 13–16.
      • January 2018
      • Case

      Trian Partners' Proxy Contest at Procter & Gamble

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Quinn Pitcher
      In July 2017, activist hedge fund Trian Partners announced that it was launching a proxy fight at U.S. consumer goods giant Procter & Gamble. P&G would be the largest company ever subjected to a proxy fight, as Trian sought to have its CEO, Nelson Peltz, elected to the...  View Details
      Keywords: Investment; Corporate Governance; Institutional Investing; Investment Activism; Business and Shareholder Relations; United States
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Quinn Pitcher. "Trian Partners' Proxy Contest at Procter & Gamble." Harvard Business School Case 118-049, January 2018.
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Shopping for Confirmation: How Disconfirming Feedback Shapes Social Networks

      By: Paul Green Jr., Francesca Gino and Bradley Staats
      Many organizations employ interpersonal feedback processes as a structured means of informing and motivating employee improvement. Ample evidence suggests that these feedback processes are largely ineffective, and despite a wealth of prescriptive literature, these...  View Details
      Keywords: Developmental Feedback; Self-concept; Positive Illusions; Social Network; Threat; Identity; Social and Collaborative Networks; Behavior; Performance; Social Media
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      Green, Paul, Jr., Francesca Gino, and Bradley Staats. "Shopping for Confirmation: How Disconfirming Feedback Shapes Social Networks." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-028, September 2017.
      • December 2017
      • Article

      From Misperception to Social Connection: Correlates and Consequences of Overestimating Others' Social Connectedness

      By: A.V. Whillans, C. Christie, S. Cheung, A.H. Jordan and F.S. Chen
      Two studies document the existence and correlates of a widespread social belief, wherein individuals who have recently moved to a new social environment see their peers as more socially connected than they themselves are. In Study 1, the prevalence of this belief was...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Comparison; Interpersonal Relationships; Perception; Relationships; Familiarity; Well-being
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      Whillans, A.V., C. Christie, S. Cheung, A.H. Jordan, and F.S. Chen. "From Misperception to Social Connection: Correlates and Consequences of Overestimating Others' Social Connectedness." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 43, no. 12 (December 2017): 1696–1711.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Do Network Dynamics Undermine Idea-based Network Advantages? Experimental Results from an Entrepreneurship Bootcamp

      By: Rembrand Koning
      Do networks plentiful in ideas provide early stage startups with performance advantages? On the one hand, network positions that provide access to a multitude of ideas are thought to increase team performance. On the other hand, research on network formation argues...  View Details
      Keywords: Networks; Performance; Business Startups; Business Strategy
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      Koning, Rembrand. "Do Network Dynamics Undermine Idea-based Network Advantages? Experimental Results from an Entrepreneurship Bootcamp." Working Paper, August 2016.
      • June 2016
      • Teaching Note

      HubSpot: Lower Churn through Greater CHI

      By: Jill Avery, Asis Martinez Jerez and Thomas Steenburgh
      HubSpot, a web marketing startup selling inbound marketing software to small- and medium-sized businesses, is under pressure from its venture capital partners to rapidly acquire new customers and to maintain a low level of customer churn. The B2B SaaS company is in the...  View Details
      Keywords: CRM; Customer Acquisition; Customer Retention; Churn Management; SaaS Business Models; Customer Lifetime Value; Venture Capital; Startup; Software; Monitoring And Control; Marketing; Customer Relationship Management; Marketing Strategy; Accounting; Technology Industry; United States
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      Avery, Jill, Asis Martinez Jerez, and Thomas Steenburgh. "HubSpot: Lower Churn through Greater CHI." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 116-051, June 2016.
      • 2015
      • Chapter

      How Leaders Use Values-based Guidance Systems to Create Dynamic Capabilities

      By: Rosabeth M. Kanter, Matthew Bird, Ethan Bernstein and Ryan Raffaelli
      How do strategic leaders create change-adept organizations? Based on qualitative field research, this chapter argues that well-defined institutionalized purpose, values, and principles act as an organizational guidance system that integrates and strengthens the...  View Details
      Keywords: Dynamic Capabilities; Field Research; Intrinsic Motivation; Organizational Identity; Ecosystem; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Mission and Purpose; Motivation and Incentives; Research; Management Systems; Change
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      Kanter, Rosabeth M., Matthew Bird, Ethan Bernstein, and Ryan Raffaelli. "How Leaders Use Values-based Guidance Systems to Create Dynamic Capabilities." Chap. 2 in The Oxford Handbook of Dynamic Capabilities, edited by David J. Teece and Sohvi Leih. Oxford University Press, 2015. Electronic.
      • August 2014
      • Case

      Opening the Valve: From Software to Hardware (A)

      By: Ethan Bernstein, Francesca Gino and Bradley Staats
      Valve, one of the world's top video game software companies, has also become an iconic example of an organization with virtually no hierarchy. A 400-person organization, Valve's unique organizational form (described in detail in the case and accompanying employee...  View Details
      Keywords: Valve; Self-Managed Organizations; Organization Design; Strategy; Flat Organization; Video Games; Organization Alignment; Family Business; Steam; Steam Machine; Design; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Human Resources; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Leadership Style; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Groups and Teams; Alignment; Software; Hardware; Video Game Industry; Seattle
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      Bernstein, Ethan, Francesca Gino, and Bradley Staats. "Opening the Valve: From Software to Hardware (A)." Harvard Business School Case 415-015, August 2014.
      • August 2014 (Revised August 2015)
      • Supplement

      Opening the Valve: From Software to Hardware (B)

      By: Ethan Bernstein, Francesca Gino and Bradley Staats
      Valve, one of the world's top video game software companies, has also become an iconic example of an organization with virtually no hierarchy. A 400-person organization, Valve's unique organizational form (described in detail in the case and accompanying employee...  View Details
      Keywords: Valve; Self-Managed Organizations; Organization Design; Strategy; Flat Organization; Video Games; Organization Alignment; Family Business; Steam; Steam Machine; Design; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Human Resources; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Leadership Style; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Groups and Teams; Alignment; Software; Hardware; Video Game Industry; Seattle
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      Bernstein, Ethan, Francesca Gino, and Bradley Staats. "Opening the Valve: From Software to Hardware (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 415-016, August 2014. (Revised August 2015.)
      • June 2014
      • Article

      Informal Peer Interaction and Practice Type as Predictors of Physician Performance on Maintenance of Certification Examinations

      By: Melissa A. Valentine, S. Barsade, Amy C. Edmondson, A. Gal and R. Rhodes
      Context: Physicians can demonstrate mastery of the knowledge that supports continued clinical competence by passing a Maintenance of Certification exam. Exam performance depends on professional learning and development, which may be enhanced by informal routine...  View Details
      Keywords: Training; Health Care and Treatment; Performance; Social and Collaborative Networks; Learning; Health Industry
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      Valentine, Melissa A., S. Barsade, Amy C. Edmondson, A. Gal, and R. Rhodes. "Informal Peer Interaction and Practice Type as Predictors of Physician Performance on Maintenance of Certification Examinations." JAMA Surgery 149, no. 6 (June 2014): 597–603.
      • Article

      Turnkey or Tailored? Relational Pluralism, Institutional Complexity, and the Organizational Adoption of More or Less Customized Practices

      By: Ryan Raffaelli and Mary Ann Glynn
      We examine how the organizational adoption of new practices is influenced by relational pluralism, i.e., an organization's multiple ties to actors inside and outside its industry. We theorize that institutional mechanisms of practice diffusion underlying relational...  View Details
      Keywords: Networks; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business Processes; Adoption; Customization and Personalization
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      Raffaelli, Ryan, and Mary Ann Glynn. "Turnkey or Tailored? Relational Pluralism, Institutional Complexity, and the Organizational Adoption of More or Less Customized Practices." Academy of Management Journal 57, no. 2 (April 2014): 541–562.
      • March 2014
      • Case

      LGBT Issues at Exxon Mobil Corporation

      By: Joseph L. Badaracco and Matthew Preble
      In late September 2013, Exxon Mobil Corporation announced that it would begin offering benefits to the spouses of its employees in same-sex marriages. This short supplement touches upon what led Exxon Mobil to this decision, some insights into its previous relationship...  View Details
      Keywords: Human Capital; Welfare; Human Resources; Utilities Industry; United States
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      Badaracco, Joseph L., and Matthew Preble. "LGBT Issues at Exxon Mobil Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 314-116, March 2014.
      • March 2014 (Revised September 2019)
      • Teaching Note

      Say on Pay: Qualcomm, Inc. Shareholders Vote 'Maybe'

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Charles C.Y. Wang
      This case centers around Qualcomm shareholders' 2012 Say-on-Pay vote and the dispute between the Institutional Shareholder Services and management regarding the appropriateness of the CEO's compensation plan. Was ISS right that Qualcomm CEO's pay was inflated and...  View Details
      Keywords: ISS; Proxy Advisor; Investor Communication; Investor Relations; Peers; Say-on-Pay; Benchmarking; Peer Group; Compensation Committee; Board Of Directors; Governing and Advisory Boards; Executive Compensation; Corporate Governance; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Say on Pay: Qualcomm, Inc. Shareholders Vote 'Maybe'." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 114-065, March 2014. (Revised September 2019.)
      • January 2014 (Revised January 2014)
      • Case

      Showdown at Cracker Barrel

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Tim Gray
      In the fall of 2011, activist investor, Sardar Biglari, has acquired nearly 10% ownership in the Cracker Barrel restaurant chain. He believes that the board and senior management have failed and the company has underperformed relative to its peers. When he is denied a...  View Details
      Keywords: Boards; Activist Investors; Proxy Battles; Shareholder Activism; Peer Firm; Ratio Analysis; Financial Accounting; Financial Analysis; Board Of Directors; Boards Of Directors; Financial Intermediaries; Financial Analysts; CEO Turnover; New CEO; Peer Groups; Hedge Fund; Hedge Funds; Proxy Contest; Proxy Fight; Proxy Advisor; Proxy Battle; Financial Statement Analysis; Financial Strategy; Corporate Governance; Corporate Disclosure; Governing and Advisory Boards; Competition; Valuation; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Tim Gray. "Showdown at Cracker Barrel." Harvard Business School Case 114-026, January 2014. (Revised January 2014.)
      • October 2013
      • Article

      With a Little Help from My (Random) Friends: Success and Failure in Post-Business School Entrepreneurship

      By: Josh Lerner and Ulrike Malmendier
      To what extent do peers affect our occupational choices? This question has been of particular interest in the context of entrepreneurship and policies to create a favorable environment for entry. Such influences, however, are hard to identify empirically. We exploit...  View Details
      Keywords: Behavior; Entrepreneurship; Attitudes; Relationships; Cognition and Thinking
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      Lerner, Josh, and Ulrike Malmendier. "With a Little Help from My (Random) Friends: Success and Failure in Post-Business School Entrepreneurship." Review of Financial Studies 26, no. 10 (October 2013): 2411–2452. (Earlier versions distributed as National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 16918 and Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 11-108.)
      • July 2013 (Revised September 2019)
      • Case

      Say on Pay: Qualcomm, Inc. Shareholders Vote 'Maybe'

      By: Suraj Srinivasan, Charles C.Y. Wang and Kelly Baker
      This case centers around Qualcomm shareholders' 2012 Say-on-Pay vote and the dispute between the Institutional Shareholder Services and management regarding the appropriateness of the CEO's compensation plan. Was ISS right that Qualcomm's CEO's pay was inflated and...  View Details
      Keywords: ISS; Proxy Advisor; Investor Communication; Investor Relations; Peers; Say-on-Pay; Benchmarking; Peer Group; Compensation Committees; Board Of Directors; Governing and Advisory Boards; Executive Compensation; Corporate Governance; Business and Shareholder Relations; Telecommunications Industry
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, Charles C.Y. Wang, and Kelly Baker. "Say on Pay: Qualcomm, Inc. Shareholders Vote 'Maybe'." Harvard Business School Case 114-005, July 2013. (Revised September 2019.)
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