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- Faculty Publications (284)
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Ties That No Longer Bind: Inventor Mobility and Patent Litigation
By: Daniel Jay Brown and Maria Roche
The retention of inventor-employees represents a core strategic concern for firms in innovative industries. In this paper, we examine the impact of reduced patent enforceability on the mobility of inventor-employees and explore the related influence on firms’...
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Keywords:
Mobility;
Inventors;
Patent Enforceability;
Skills;
Strategic Human Capital;
Retention;
Innovation and Invention;
Intellectual Property
Brown, Daniel Jay, and Maria Roche. "The Ties That No Longer Bind: Inventor Mobility and Patent Litigation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-021, October 2022.
- July 2022
- Article
Estimating Spillovers from Publicly Funded R&D: Evidence from the US Department of Energy
By: Kyle Myers and Lauren Lanahan
We quantify the magnitude of R&D spillovers created by grants to small firms from the US Department of Energy. Our empirical strategy leverages variation due to state-specific matching policies, and we develop a new approach to measuring both geographic and...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Energy;
R&D;
Grants;
Innovation and Invention;
Research and Development;
Patents;
Performance;
United States
Myers, Kyle, and Lauren Lanahan. "Estimating Spillovers from Publicly Funded R&D: Evidence from the US Department of Energy." American Economic Review 112, no. 7 (July 2022): 2393–2423.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Innovation on Wings: Nonstop Flights and Firm Innovation in the Global Context
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Do Yoon Kim and Wesley W. Koo
We study whether, when, and how better connectivity through nonstop flights leads to positive innovation outcomes for firms in the global context. Using unique data of all flights emanating from 5,015 airports around the globe from 2005 to 2015 and exploiting a...
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Keywords:
Nonstop Flights;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Patents;
Research and Development;
Air Transportation Industry
Bahar, Dany, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Do Yoon Kim, and Wesley W. Koo. "Innovation on Wings: Nonstop Flights and Firm Innovation in the Global Context." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-009, July 2022.
- June 2022
- Article
The Use and Misuse of Patent Data: Issues for Finance and Beyond
By: Josh Lerner and Amit Seru
Patents and citations are powerful tools for understanding innovation increasingly used in financial economics (and management research more broadly). Biases may result, however, from the interactions between the truncation of patents and citations and the changing...
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Lerner, Josh, and Amit Seru. "The Use and Misuse of Patent Data: Issues for Finance and Beyond." Review of Financial Studies 35, no. 6 (June 2022): 2667–2704.
- March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
- Case
Nexleaf Analytics: Saving the World Using the Internet of Things
By: Frank Nagle
In 2019, a decade after co-founding Nexleaf Analytics, CEO Nithya Ramanathan faced an important decision that would impact the ability of the small, but growing, not-for-profit organization to thrive for another decade. Their sensor technologies and big data analytics...
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Keywords:
Corporate Strategy;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Technological Innovation;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Competitive Strategy;
Patents;
Expansion;
Information Technology;
Health Industry;
Information Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Technology Industry
Nagle, Frank. "Nexleaf Analytics: Saving the World Using the Internet of Things." Harvard Business School Case 722-414, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
- March 2022
- Article
Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention
By: Brad Chattergoon and William R. Kerr
U.S. invention has become increasingly concentrated around major tech centers since the 1970s, with implications for how much cities across the country share in concomitant local benefits. Is invention becoming a winner-takes-all race? We explore the rising spatial...
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Keywords:
Clusters;
Invention;
Agglomeration;
Artificial Intelligence;
Innovation and Invention;
Patents;
Applications and Software;
Industry Clusters;
AI and Machine Learning
Chattergoon, Brad, and William R. Kerr. "Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention." Art. 104418. Research Policy 51, no. 2 (March 2022).
- February 2022
- Article
Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century
By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the twentieth century. We build a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920, and a historical state-level corporate tax database with corporate tax...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Income Taxes;
Corporate Taxation;
Firms;
Inventors;
State Taxation;
Business Taxation;
R&D Tax Credits;
Taxation;
Innovation and Invention;
History;
United States
Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas, and Stefanie Stantcheva. "Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century." Quarterly Journal of Economics 137, no. 1 (February 2022): 329–385.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Talent Flows and the Geography of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Firms
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Sara Signorelli and James M. Sappenfield
Leveraging a unique dataset merging patent data with all work-related migration reforms that took place in 15 countries over 26 years, we show that reforms discouraging inventor mobility decrease the patenting of MNE subsidiaries within a country, while reforms...
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Keywords:
Migration;
Technology;
Policy Evaluation;
Patents;
Information Technology;
Immigration;
Policy;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Globalization
Bahar, Dany, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Sara Signorelli, and James M. Sappenfield. "Talent Flows and the Geography of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-047, January 2022. (Revised December 2022.)
- Winter 2021
- Article
Can Staggered Boards Improve Value? Causal Evidence from Massachusetts
By: Robert Daines, Shelley Xin Li and Charles C.Y. Wang
We study the effect of staggered boards (SBs) using a quasi-experiment: a 1990 law that imposed an SB on all Massachusetts-incorporated firms. The law led to an increase in Tobin's Q, investment in CAPEX and R&D, patents, higher-quality patented innovations, and...
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Keywords:
Staggered Board;
Entrenchment;
Life-cycle;
Tobin's Q;
Innovation;
Profitability;
Investor Composition;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Investment;
Innovation and Invention;
Institutional Investing;
Value
Daines, Robert, Shelley Xin Li, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Can Staggered Boards Improve Value? Causal Evidence from Massachusetts." Contemporary Accounting Research 38, no. 4 (Winter 2021): 3053–3084.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention
By: Brad Chattergoon and William R. Kerr
U.S. invention has become increasingly concentrated around major tech centers since the 1970s, with implications for how much cities across the country share in concomitant local benefits. Is invention becoming a winner-takes-all race? We explore the rising spatial...
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Keywords:
Invention;
Innovation;
Artificial Intelligence;
Clusters;
Agglomeration;
Innovation and Invention;
Patents;
Applications and Software;
Industry Clusters;
United States
Chattergoon, Brad, and William R. Kerr. "Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-027, October 2021. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29456, November 2021.)
- 2021
- Other Unpublished Work
Computer-Implemented Methods and Systems for Measuring, Estimating, and Managing Economic Outcomes and Technical Debt in Software Systems and Projects: US Patent 11,126,427 B2
By: Daniel J. Sturtevant, Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Sunny Ahn and Sean Gilliland
An interrelated set of tools and methods is disclosed for: (1) measuring the relationship between software source code attributes (such as code quality, design quality, test quality, and complexity metrics) and software economics outcome metrics (such as...
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Sturtevant, Daniel J., Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Sunny Ahn, and Sean Gilliland. "Computer-Implemented Methods and Systems for Measuring, Estimating, and Managing Economic Outcomes and Technical Debt in Software Systems and Projects: US Patent 11,126,427 B2." Cambridge, MA, September 2021.
- June 18, 2021
- Article
Who Do We Invent for? Patents by Women Focus More on Women's Health, but Few Women Get to Invent
By: Rembrand Koning, Sampsa Samila and John-Paul Ferguson
Women engage in less commercial patenting and invention than do men, which may affect what is invented. Using text analysis of all U.S. biomedical patents filed from 1976 through 2010, we found that patents with all-female inventor teams are 35% more likely than...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Gender Bias;
Health;
Innovation and Invention;
Research;
Patents;
Gender;
Prejudice and Bias
Koning, Rembrand, Sampsa Samila, and John-Paul Ferguson. "Who Do We Invent for? Patents by Women Focus More on Women's Health, but Few Women Get to Invent." Science 372, no. 6548 (June 18, 2021): 1345–1348.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Standing on the Shoulders of Science
By: Joshua Lev Krieger, Monika Schnitzer and Martin Watzinger
Today’s innovations rely on scientific discoveries of the past, yet only some corporate
R&D builds directly on scientific output. In this paper, we analyze U.S. patents to
investigate how firms generate value by building on prior art “closer” to science. We
show...
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Krieger, Joshua Lev, Monika Schnitzer, and Martin Watzinger. "Standing on the Shoulders of Science." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-128, June 2021. (Revised September 2023. Forthcoming in Strategic Management Journal.)
- May 2021
- Case
Inclusive Innovation at Mass General Brigham
By: Katherine Baldiga Coffman and Olivia Hull
Massachusetts General Brigham (MGB) Chief Innovation Officer Christopher Coburn had overseen a period of exciting transformation and growth in healthcare innovation at MGB. In November 2019, the health system was the largest recipient of National Institutes of Health...
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Keywords:
Inclusion;
Innovation;
Invention;
Gender;
Business Startups;
Investment Funds;
Private Equity;
Health Care and Treatment;
Innovation Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Intellectual Property;
Copyright;
Patents;
Research;
Research and Development;
Diversification;
Technology;
Health Industry;
Massachusetts;
Boston
Coffman, Katherine Baldiga, and Olivia Hull. "Inclusive Innovation at Mass General Brigham." Harvard Business School Case 921-006, May 2021.
- May 2021
- Article
Risk-Mitigating Technologies: The Case of Radiation Diagnostic Devices
By: Alberto Galasso and Hong Luo
We study the impact of consumers’ risk perception on firm innovation. Our analysis exploits a major surge in the perceived risk of radiation diagnostic devices following extensive media coverage of a set of over-radiation accidents involving CT scanners in late 2009....
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Keywords:
Risk Perception;
Innovation;
Medical Devices;
Liability Risk;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Perception;
Technological Innovation
Galasso, Alberto, and Hong Luo. "Risk-Mitigating Technologies: The Case of Radiation Diagnostic Devices." Management Science 67, no. 5 (May 2021): 3022–3040.
- April 2021
- Article
Work-From-Anywhere: The Productivity Effects of Geographical Flexibility
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Cirrus Foroughi and Barbara Larson
An emerging form of remote work allows employees to work-from-anywhere, so that the worker can choose to live in a preferred geographic location. While traditional work-from-home (WFH) programs offer the worker temporal flexibility, work-from-anywhere (WFA) programs...
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Keywords:
Geographic Flexibility;
Work-from-anywhere;
Remote Work;
Telecommuting;
Geographic Mobility;
USPTO;
Employees;
Geographic Location;
Performance Productivity
Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Cirrus Foroughi, and Barbara Larson. "Work-From-Anywhere: The Productivity Effects of Geographical Flexibility." Strategic Management Journal 42, no. 4 (April 2021): 655–683.
- January 2021 (Revised June 2021)
- Case
Hester Pharmaceuticals (A): A Pricing Dilemma
By: Dante Roscini and John Masko
In August 2019, the leadership of Hester Pharmaceuticals (Hester) had a problem. Italy promised to be a key market for their new breakthrough oncology drug Akrozumab, but for almost two years, its single-payer healthcare system had been unable to agree with Hester on a...
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Keywords:
Macroeconomics;
Trade;
Price;
Global Range;
Global Strategy;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Health Care and Treatment;
Patents;
Monopoly;
Negotiation;
Business and Government Relations;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Human Needs;
Business Strategy;
Commercialization;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Italy
Roscini, Dante, and John Masko. "Hester Pharmaceuticals (A): A Pricing Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 721-001, January 2021. (Revised June 2021.)
- January 2021
- Article
Commuting and Innovation: Are Closer Inventors More Productive?
By: Hongyu Xiao, Andy Wu and Jaeho Kim
We estimate the causal effect of workplace–home commuting distance on inventor productivity. We construct a novel panel of U.S. inventors with precisely measured workplace–home distances and inventor-level productivity. Our identification strategy exploits firm office...
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Keywords:
Commuting;
Proximity;
Inventors;
Innovation;
Relocation;
Telecommuting;
Geographic Location;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Strategy;
United States
Xiao, Hongyu, Andy Wu, and Jaeho Kim. "Commuting and Innovation: Are Closer Inventors More Productive?" Art. 103300. Journal of Urban Economics 121 (January 2021).
- December 2020
- Article
Different Founders, Different Firms: A Comparative Analysis of Academic and Non-academic Startups
By: Maria P. Roche, Annamaria Conti and Frank T. Rothaermel
What role do differences in founders' occupational backgrounds play in new venture performance? Analyzing a novel dataset of 2,998 founders creating 1,723 innovative startups in biomedicine, we find that the likelihood and hazard of achieving a liquidity event are...
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Keywords:
Founders;
Innovation;
Occupational Imprinting;
Academic Startups;
Non-academic Startups;
Founder Heterogeneity;
Business Startups;
Innovation and Invention;
Performance;
Demographics;
Analysis
Roche, Maria P., Annamaria Conti, and Frank T. Rothaermel. "Different Founders, Different Firms: A Comparative Analysis of Academic and Non-academic Startups." Special Issue on Innovative Start-Ups and Policy Initiatives. Research Policy 49, no. 10 (December 2020).
- November 2020
- Article
Migrant Inventors and the Technological Advantage of Nations
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Hillel Rapoport
We investigate the relationship between the presence of migrant inventors and the dynamics of innovation in the migrants’ receiving countries. We find that countries are 25 to 60 percent more likely to gain advantage in patenting in certain technologies given a twofold...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Migration;
Patent;
Knowledge;
Innovation and Invention;
Immigration;
Patents;
Information Technology;
Knowledge Dissemination
Bahar, Dany, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Hillel Rapoport. "Migrant Inventors and the Technological Advantage of Nations." Special Issue on STEM Migration, Research, and Innovation. Research Policy 49, no. 9 (November 2020).