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- 2022
- Working Paper
A Linear Panel Model with Heterogeneous Coefficients and Variation in Exposure
By: Jesse M. Shapiro and Liyang Sun
Linear panel models featuring unit and time fixed effects appear in many areas of empirical economics. An active literature studies the interpretation of the ordinary least squares estimator of the model, commonly called the two-way fixed effects (TWFE) estimator, in...
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Shapiro, Jesse M., and Liyang Sun. "A Linear Panel Model with Heterogeneous Coefficients and Variation in Exposure." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29976, April 2022.
- February 2022
- Article
Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century
By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the twentieth century. We build a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920, and a historical state-level corporate tax database with corporate tax...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Income Taxes;
Corporate Taxation;
Firms;
Inventors;
State Taxation;
Business Taxation;
R&D Tax Credits;
Taxation;
Innovation and Invention;
History;
United States
Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas, and Stefanie Stantcheva. "Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century." Quarterly Journal of Economics 137, no. 1 (February 2022): 329–385.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Do Policies to Increase Access to Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Work?
By: Eric Barrette, Leemore S. Dafny and Karen Shen
As of 2016 there were an estimated 2.1 million Americans suffering from opioid use disorder (OUD). To date, most policy interventions have focused on curbing opioid prescriptions and extending insurance coverage to include substance use disorder. However, relatively...
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Keywords:
Opioid Treatment;
Medication-assisted Treatment;
Substance Use Disorder;
Private Insurance;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Disorders;
Insurance;
United States
Barrette, Eric, Leemore S. Dafny, and Karen Shen. "Do Policies to Increase Access to Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Work?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29001, July 2021.
- July 2021
- Article
Medical Debt in the U.S., 2009–2020
By: Ray Kluender, Neale Mahoney, Francis Wong and Wesley Yin
Importance: Medical debt is an increasing concern in the US, yet there is limited understanding of the amount and distribution of medical debt, and its association with health care policies.
Objective: To measure the amount of medical debt nationally and by... View Details
Objective: To measure the amount of medical debt nationally and by... View Details
Kluender, Ray, Neale Mahoney, Francis Wong, and Wesley Yin. "Medical Debt in the U.S., 2009–2020." JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association 326, no. 3 (July 2021): 250–256.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Population Interference in Panel Experiments
By: Iavor I Bojinov, Kevin Wu Han and Guillaume Basse
The phenomenon of population interference, where a treatment assigned to one experimental unit affects another experimental unit's outcome, has received considerable attention in standard randomized experiments. The complications produced by population interference in...
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Bojinov, Iavor I., Kevin Wu Han, and Guillaume Basse. "Population Interference in Panel Experiments." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-100, March 2021.
- Article
Value of New Performance Information in Healthcare: Evidence from Japan
By: Susanna Gallani, Takehisa Kajiwara and Ranjani Krishnan
Mandatory measurement and disclosure of outcome measures are commonly used policy tools in
healthcare. The effectiveness of such disclosures relies on the extent to which the new information produced by the mandatory system is internalized by the healthcare...
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Keywords:
Value Of Information;
Feedback;
Patient Satisfaction;
Healthcare;
Health Care and Treatment;
Satisfaction;
Information;
Measurement and Metrics;
Performance Improvement
Gallani, Susanna, Takehisa Kajiwara, and Ranjani Krishnan. "Value of New Performance Information in Healthcare: Evidence from Japan." International Journal of Health Economics and Management 20, no. 4 (December 2020): 319–357.
- Article
The Importance of Being Causal
By: Iavor I Bojinov, Albert Chen and Min Liu
Causal inference is the study of how actions, interventions, or treatments affect outcomes of interest. The methods that have received the lion’s share of attention in the data science literature for establishing causation are variations of randomized experiments....
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Keywords:
Causal Inference;
Observational Studies;
Cross-sectional Studies;
Panel Studies;
Interrupted Time-series;
Instrumental Variables
Bojinov, Iavor I., Albert Chen, and Min Liu. "The Importance of Being Causal." Harvard Data Science Review 2.3 (July 30, 2020).
- 2020
- Working Paper
Global Behaviors and Perceptions in the COVID-19 Pandemic
By: Thiemo Fetzer, Marc Witte, Lucas Hensel, Jon M. Jachimowicz, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Stefano Caria, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Stefano Fiorin, Margarita Gomez, Gordon Kraft-Todd, Friedrich M. Goetz and Erez Yoeli
We conducted a large-scale survey covering 58 countries and over 100,000 respondents between late March and early April 2020 to study beliefs and attitudes towards citizens’ and governments’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents reacted strongly to the...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Mental Health;
Norms;
Health Pandemics;
Surveys;
Public Opinion;
Global Range;
Government Administration;
Policy;
Perception;
Behavior
Fetzer, Thiemo, Marc Witte, Lucas Hensel, Jon M. Jachimowicz, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Stefano Caria, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Stefano Fiorin, Margarita Gomez, Gordon Kraft-Todd, Friedrich M. Goetz, and Erez Yoeli. "Global Behaviors and Perceptions in the COVID-19 Pandemic." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-111, April 2020.
- March 2020
- Article
Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation
By: Vikas A. Aggarwal, David H. Hsu and Andy Wu
How should firms organize their pool of inventive human capital for firm-level innovation? While access to diverse knowledge may aid knowledge recombination, which can facilitate innovation, prior literature has focused primarily on one way of achieving that: diversity...
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Keywords:
Knowledge Recombination;
Organization Design;
Team Boundary;
Innovation;
Knowledge Sharing;
Diversity;
Innovation and Invention;
Groups and Teams;
Human Capital;
Organizational Design
Aggarwal, Vikas A., David H. Hsu, and Andy Wu. "Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation." Art. 1. Strategy Science 5, no. 1 (March 2020): 1–16. (Lead article.)
- March 2019
- Article
A Structural Analysis of the Role of Superstars in Crowdsourcing Contests
By: Shunyuan Zhang, Param Singh and Anindya Ghose
We investigate the long-term impact of competing against superstars in crowdsourcing contests. Using a unique 50-month longitudinal panel data set on 1677 software design crowdsourcing contests, we illustrate a learning effect where participants are able to improve...
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Keywords:
Crowdsourcing Contests;
Superstar Effect;
Bayesian Learning;
Utility;
Economics Of Information System;
Dynamic Structural Model;
Dynamic Programming;
Markov Chain;
Monte Carlo;
Learning;
Competition;
Performance Improvement
Zhang, Shunyuan, Param Singh, and Anindya Ghose. "A Structural Analysis of the Role of Superstars in Crowdsourcing Contests." Information Systems Research 30, no. 1 (March 2019): 15–33.
- March 2019
- Article
Open Source Software and Firm Productivity
By: Frank Nagle
As open source software (OSS) is increasingly used as a key input by firms, understanding its impact on productivity becomes critical. This study measures the firm-level productivity impact of nonpecuniary (free) OSS and finds a positive and significant value-added...
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Keywords:
Applications and Software;
Open Source Distribution;
Performance Productivity;
Information Technology;
Strategy
Nagle, Frank. "Open Source Software and Firm Productivity." Management Science 65, no. 3 (March 2019): 1191–1215.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century
By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the 20th century. We use three new datasets: a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920; a dataset of the employment, location, and patents of firms...
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Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas, and Stefanie Stantcheva. "Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24982, September 2018. (Forthcoming in Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
- July–August 2018
- Article
Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods
By: Frank Nagle
As the economy becomes more information based, firms are increasingly using crowdsourced public goods as inputs for innovation and production. Counterintuitively, some firms pay their employees to contribute to the creation of these goods, which can be used freely by...
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Keywords:
Open Source Distribution;
Applications and Software;
Competitive Strategy;
Learning;
Competitive Advantage
Nagle, Frank. "Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods." Organization Science 29, no. 4 (July–August 2018): 569–587.
- February 2018
- Article
Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
By: William R. Kerr
This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and...
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Keywords:
Exports;
Comparative Advantage;
Technological Transfer;
Innovation;
Networks;
Patents;
Residency;
Technology Adoption;
Trade;
Research and Development;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." World Bank Economic Review 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 163–182.
- Article
How Did the Great Recession Affect Charitable Giving?
By: Arthur C. Brooks
A great deal of research has studied the effects of income and tax changes on charitable giving. However, little work has focused on how these relationships were affected by the Great Recession. This article estimates the tax and income effects using the 2009 Panel...
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Keywords:
Charitable Giving;
Great Recession;
Philanthropy;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Financial Crisis;
Taxation;
Policy
Brooks, Arthur C. "How Did the Great Recession Affect Charitable Giving?" Public Finance Review 46, no. 5 (September 2018): 715–742.
- November–December 2016
- Article
The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry
By: Yongwook Paik and Feng Zhu
Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of...
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Keywords:
Patent Wars;
Patent Litigation;
Intellectual Property (IP) Enforcement;
Institutions;
Patent Thicket;
Smartphone;
Patents;
Corporate Strategy;
Mobile Technology
Paik, Yongwook, and Feng Zhu. "The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry." Organization Science 27, no. 6 (November–December 2016): 1397–1416.
- 2016
- Working Paper
The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Market
By: Feng Zhu
Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of...
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Keywords:
Patent Wars;
Patent Litigation;
Intellectual Property (IP) Enforcement;
Institutions;
Smartphone;
Patent Thicket;
Digital Platforms;
Patents;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Business Strategy;
Telecommunications Industry
Paik, Yongwook, and Feng Zhu. "The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Market." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-015, August 2013. (Revised March 2016.)
- March–April 2016
- Article
Scrutiny, Norms, and Selective Disclosure: A Global Study of Greenwashing
By: Christopher Marquis, Michael W. Toffel and Yanhua Zhou
Under increased pressure to report environmental impacts, some firms selectively disclose relatively benign impacts, creating an impression of transparency while masking their true performance. We identify key company- and country-level factors that limit firms' use of...
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Keywords:
Disclosure Strategy;
Disclosure;
Environmental Performance;
Environmental Strategy;
Environment;
Symbolic;
Reporting;
Corporate Disclosure;
Integrated Corporate Reporting;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Marquis, Christopher, Michael W. Toffel, and Yanhua Zhou. "Scrutiny, Norms, and Selective Disclosure: A Global Study of Greenwashing." Organization Science 27, no. 2 (March–April 2016): 483–504. (Formerly titled "When Do Firms Greenwash? Corporate Visibility, Civil Society Scrutiny, and Environmental Disclosure.")
- December 2015
- Article
Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises
By: Julie Battilana, Metin Sengul, Anne-Claire Pache and Jacob Model
We examine the factors that influence the social performance of hybrid organizations that pursue a social mission, and sustain their operations through commercial activities, by studying work integration social enterprises (WISEs). We argue that social imprinting and...
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Keywords:
Hybrid Organizations;
Social Enterprise;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Organizations;
Performance Productivity
Battilana, Julie, Metin Sengul, Anne-Claire Pache, and Jacob Model. "Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises." Academy of Management Journal 58, no. 6 (December 2015): 1658–1685.
- November 2014
- Article
Government Green Procurement Spillovers: Evidence from Municipal Building Policies in California
By: Timothy Simcoe and Michael W. Toffel
We study how government green procurement policies influence private-sector demand for similar products. Specifically, we measure the impact of municipal policies requiring governments to construct green buildings on private-sector adoption of the U.S. Green Building...
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Keywords:
Public Procurement;
Green Building;
Quality Certification;
Environmental Policy;
Buildings and Facilities;
Environmental Sustainability;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Green Technology Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
California
Simcoe, Timothy, and Michael W. Toffel. "Government Green Procurement Spillovers: Evidence from Municipal Building Policies in California." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 68, no. 3 (November 2014): 411–434. (Lead article.)