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Publications

Publications

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    • Faculty Publications  (26)

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    • All HBS Web  (479)
      • Faculty Publications  (26)

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      Jack of All Trades and Master of Knowledge: The Role of Diversification in New Distant Knowledge Integration
      The Business Case for Becoming a Jack-of-All-Trades
      A few hundred years ago, it was considered a virtue to know a little bit about everything. They even had a word for it: “Renaissance man.” Now, with...
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      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Evolutionary Nature of Breakthrough Innovation: Re-Evaluating the Exploration vs. Exploitation Dichotomy

      By: Dominika K. Sarnecka and Gary P. Pisano
      Over the past few decades, a consensus has emerged that breakthrough innovations emerge from exploration of novel terrain while more routine innovations are the product of exploitation. In this paper, we revisit this explore versus exploit dichotomy with an analysis...  View Details
      Keywords: Breakthrough Innovation; Exploration And Exploitation; Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation
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      Sarnecka, Dominika K., and Gary P. Pisano. "The Evolutionary Nature of Breakthrough Innovation: Re-Evaluating the Exploration vs. Exploitation Dichotomy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-071, December 2020.
      • 2020
      • Article

      Robust and Stable Black Box Explanations

      By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Nino Arsov and Osbert Bastani
      As machine learning black boxes are increasingly being deployed in real-world applications, there has been a growing interest in developing post hoc explanations that summarize the behaviors of these black boxes. However, existing algorithms for generating such...  View Details
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      Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Nino Arsov, and Osbert Bastani. "Robust and Stable Black Box Explanations." International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 2020 (2020): 5628–5638.
      • 2020
      • Article

      Incorporating Interpretable Output Constraints in Bayesian Neural Networks

      By: Wanqian Yang, Lars Lorch, Moritz Graule, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Finale Doshi-Velez
      Domains where supervised models are deployed often come with task-specific constraints, such as prior expert knowledge on the ground-truth function, or desiderata like safety and fairness. We introduce a novel probabilistic framework for reasoning with such constraints...  View Details
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      Yang, Wanqian, Lars Lorch, Moritz Graule, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Finale Doshi-Velez. "Incorporating Interpretable Output Constraints in Bayesian Neural Networks." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2020).
      • December 2020
      • Article

      Taking Innovation to the Streets: Micro-geography, Physical Structure and Innovation

      By: Maria P. Roche
      In this paper, we analyze how the physical layout of cities affects innovation by influencing the organization of knowledge exchange. We exploit a novel data set covering all Census Block Groups in the contiguous United States with information on innovation outcomes,...  View Details
      Keywords: Microgeography; Innovation; Street Infrastructure; Knowledge Exchange; Interactions; Geography; City; Innovation and Invention; Knowledge Sharing
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      Roche, Maria P. "Taking Innovation to the Streets: Micro-geography, Physical Structure and Innovation." Review of Economics and Statistics 102, no. 5 (December 2020): 912–928.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Collaborating During Coronavirus: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Nature of Work

      By: Evan DeFilippis, Stephen Michael Impink, Madison Singell, Jeffrey T. Polzer and Raffaella Sadun
      We explore the impact of COVID-19 on employee's digital communication patterns through an event study of lockdowns in 16 large metropolitan areas in North America, Europe and the Middle East. Using de-identified, aggregated meeting and email meta-data from 3,143,270...  View Details
      Keywords: Nature Of Work; Collaboration; Covid-19; Organizations; Communication; Health Pandemics; North and Central America; Europe; Middle East
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      DeFilippis, Evan, Stephen Michael Impink, Madison Singell, Jeffrey T. Polzer, and Raffaella Sadun. "Collaborating During Coronavirus: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Nature of Work." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-006, July 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Digitization and the Demand for Physical Works: Evidence from the Google Books Project

      By: Abhishek Nagaraj and Imke Reimers
      The digital era promised to deliver a centralized repository of all pre-existing knowledge through mass digitization. However, concerns about cannibalizing demand for physical works have led publishers and authors to block the realization of this vision. We investigate...  View Details
      Keywords: Digitization; Copyright; Books
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      Nagaraj, Abhishek, and Imke Reimers. "Digitization and the Demand for Physical Works: Evidence from the Google Books Project." Working Paper, June 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Iterative Coordination and Innovation

      By: Sourobh Ghosh and Andy Wu
      Agile management practices from the software industry continue to transform the way organizations innovate across industries, yet they remain understudied in the organizations literature. We investigate the widespread Agile practice of iterative coordination: frequent...  View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Goals; Specialization; Coordination; Field Experiment; Software Development; Organizations; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Goals and Objectives; Integration; Software
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      Ghosh, Sourobh, and Andy Wu. "Iterative Coordination and Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-121, January 2020.
      • Article

      A Theories-in-Use Approach to Building Marketing Theory

      By: G. Zaltman, Valarie A. Zeithaml, Bernard Jaworski, Ajay K. Kohli, Kapil R. Tuli and Wolfgang Ulaga
      This article’s objective is to inspire and provide guidance on the development of marketing knowledge based on the theories-in-use (TIU) approach. The authors begin with a description of the TIU approach and compare it with other inductive and deductive research...  View Details
      Keywords: Building Theory; Grounded Theory; Theories-in-use; Theory Construction; Theory Development; Marketing; Knowledge; Theory
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      Zaltman, G., Valarie A. Zeithaml, Bernard Jaworski, Ajay K. Kohli, Kapil R. Tuli, and Wolfgang Ulaga. "A Theories-in-Use Approach to Building Marketing Theory." Journal of Marketing 84, no. 1 (January 2020): 32–51.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Throwing the Baby Out with the Drinking Water: Unintended Consequences of Arsenic Mitigation Efforts in Bangladesh

      By: Nina Buchmann, Erica Field, Rachel Glennerster and Reshmaan Hussam
      The 1994 discovery of arsenic in ground water in Bangladesh prompted a massive public health effort to test all tubewells in the country and convince nearly one-quarter of the population to switch to arsenic-free drinking water sources. According to numerous sources,...  View Details
      Keywords: Child Mortality; Arsenic; Unintended Consequences; Health Disorders; Safety; Outcome or Result; Bangladesh
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      Buchmann, Nina, Erica Field, Rachel Glennerster, and Reshmaan Hussam. "Throwing the Baby Out with the Drinking Water: Unintended Consequences of Arsenic Mitigation Efforts in Bangladesh." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25729, April 2019.
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Knowledge Flows within Multinationals—Estimating Relative Influence of Headquarters and Host Context Using a Gravity Model

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Mike Horia Teodorescu and Tarun Khanna
      From the perspective of a multinational subsidiary, we employ the classic gravity equation in economics to model and compare knowledge flows to the subsidiary from the MNC headquarters and from the host country context. We also generalize traditional economics gravity...  View Details
      Keywords: Multinationals; Knowledge Flows; Cosine Similarity; Gravity Model; Multinational Firms and Management; Knowledge Dissemination; Business Headquarters; Immigration
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Mike Horia Teodorescu, and Tarun Khanna. "Knowledge Flows within Multinationals—Estimating Relative Influence of Headquarters and Host Context Using a Gravity Model." Working Paper, July 2017.
      • Article

      Online Community as Space for Knowledge Flows

      By: Samer Faraj, Georg von Krogh, Eric Monteiro and Karim R. Lakhani
      Online communities frequently create significant economic and relational value for community participants and beyond. It is widely accepted that the underlying source of such value is the collective flow of knowledge among community participants. We distinguish the...  View Details
      Keywords: Knowledge Sharing; Value Creation; Collaborative Innovation and Invention
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      Faraj, Samer, Georg von Krogh, Eric Monteiro, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Online Community as Space for Knowledge Flows." Information Systems Research 27, no. 4 (December 2016): 668–684.
      • October 2016
      • Article

      Looking Across and Looking Beyond the Knowledge Frontier: Intellectual Distance and Resource Allocation in Science

      By: Kevin J. Boudreau, Eva Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani and Christoph Riedl
      Selecting among alternative innovative projects is a core management task in all innovating organizations. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of frontier scientific research projects. We argue that the "intellectual distance" between the knowledge embodied in...  View Details
      Keywords: Knowledge; Innovation; Novelty; Evaluation; Resource Allocation; Decision Choices and Conditions; Innovation and Management; Science-Based Business; Experience and Expertise
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      Boudreau, Kevin J., Eva Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani, and Christoph Riedl. "Looking Across and Looking Beyond the Knowledge Frontier: Intellectual Distance and Resource Allocation in Science." Management Science 62, no. 10 (October 2016).
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      A Welfarist Role for Nonwelfarist Rules: An Example with Envy

      By: Matthew Weinzierl
      I propose and formalize an argument for why economists working in the welfarist normative tradition should include nonwelfarist principles in how they judge economic policy. The key idea behind this argument is that the world is too complex, and our ability to model it...  View Details
      Keywords: Ethics; Policy; Economics
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      Weinzierl, Matthew. "A Welfarist Role for Nonwelfarist Rules: An Example with Envy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-021, September 2016. (Revised July 2017.)
      • September 2016
      • Article

      The Effect of Target Difficulty on Target Completion: The Case of Reducing Carbon Emissions

      By: Ioannis Ioannou, Shelley Xin Li and George Serafeim
      Targets are an integral component of management control systems and play a significant role in achieving desirable performance outcomes. We focus on a key environmental performance objective—reduction of carbon emissions—as a setting in which to examine how target...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Target-setting; Management Accounting; Management Accounting And Control Systems; Control Systems; Sustainable Development; Environment; Goals and Objectives; Climate Change; Management Systems; Accounting; Environmental Sustainability
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      Ioannou, Ioannis, Shelley Xin Li, and George Serafeim. "The Effect of Target Difficulty on Target Completion: The Case of Reducing Carbon Emissions." Accounting Review 91, no. 5 (September 2016).
      • September–October 2015
      • Article

      Facts and Figuring: An Experimental Investigation of Network Structure and Performance in Information and Solution Spaces

      By: Jesse Shore, Ethan Bernstein and David Lazer
      Using data from a novel laboratory experiment on complex problem solving in which we varied the structure of 16-person networks, we investigate how an organization's network structure shapes performance of problem-solving tasks. Problem solving, we argue, involves both...  View Details
      Keywords: Networks; Experiments; Clustering; Problem Solving; Exploration And Exploitation; Knowledge; Search; Collaboration; Collaboration Structures; Transparency; Communication; Communication Technology; Information; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Theory; Information Industry; Information Technology Industry; Public Administration Industry; Technology Industry; Service Industry
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      Shore, Jesse, Ethan Bernstein, and David Lazer. "Facts and Figuring: An Experimental Investigation of Network Structure and Performance in Information and Solution Spaces." Organization Science 26, no. 5 (September–October 2015): 1432–1446. (Won 2014 INGRoup Outstanding Paper Award.)
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories

      By: Francesca Lazzeri and Gary P. Pisano
      Scholars and practitioners alike now recognize that a firm's capacity to assimilate and use know-how from external sources—what Cohen and Levinthal (1990) called "absorptive capacity"—plays a central role in innovation performance. In recent years, a common strategy...  View Details
      Keywords: Geographic Location; Industry Clusters; Knowledge Acquisition; Pharmaceutical Industry; San Francisco; San Diego; Massachusetts
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      Lazzeri, Francesca, and Gary P. Pisano. "The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-098, April 2014.
      • Fall 2013
      • Article

      Spurring Innovation Through Competitions

      By: Alan MacCormack, Fiona Murray and Erika Wagner
      Alan MacCormack, Fiona Murray, and Erika Wagner examine the phenomenon of corporations using innovation contests. They write: "Companies are searching for better ways to identify and exploit novel solutions. Increasingly, they are discovering that many of the very best...  View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Innovation Strategy; Innovation and Management
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      MacCormack, Alan, Fiona Murray, and Erika Wagner. "Spurring Innovation Through Competitions." MIT Sloan Management Review 55, no. 1 (Fall 2013): 25–32.
      • Article

      Beyond Magic Bullets: True Innovation in Health Care

      By: Vaibhav A. Narayan, Marco Mohwinckel, Gary Pisano, Michael Yang and Husseini Manji
      The molecular medicine revolution—based on advances in fields such as genomics and network modeling in the decade since the human genome sequence was completed—has changed the way we think about, study, and approach the development of novel therapies. However, these...  View Details
      Keywords: Integration; Business Model; Organizational Structure; Health Care and Treatment; Innovation and Invention; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Narayan, Vaibhav A., Marco Mohwinckel, Gary Pisano, Michael Yang, and Husseini Manji. "Beyond Magic Bullets: True Innovation in Health Care." Nature Reviews: Drug Discovery 12, no. 2 (February 2013): 85–86.
      • July 2012 (Revised August 2012)
      • Case

      Global Knowledge Management at Danone (A) (Abridged)

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and David Lane
      This case explores French consumer goods company Danone's novel approach to knowledge management. In 2007, Human Resource Chief (Executive Vice President) Franck Mougin assesses the company's knowledge-sharing tools and considers his options going forward. Through...  View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Employee Relationship Management; Knowledge Management; Knowledge Sharing; Social and Collaborative Networks; Expansion; Consumer Products Industry; France
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and David Lane. "Global Knowledge Management at Danone (A) (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 613-003, July 2012. (Revised August 2012.)
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Unlocking the Slices of Genius in Your Organization: Leading for Innovation

      By: Linda A. Hill, Maurizio Travaglini, Greg Brandeau and Emily Stecker
      There is a widespread consensus that innovation is fast becoming the principal source of differentiation and competitive advantage in today's knowledge-intensive economy. But until we reframe our understanding of what innovation and leadership are all about, we fear...  View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Leadership; Practice; Competitive Advantage
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      Hill, Linda A., Maurizio Travaglini, Greg Brandeau, and Emily Stecker. "Unlocking the Slices of Genius in Your Organization: Leading for Innovation." Chap. 21 in Handbook of Leadership Theory and Practice, edited by Nitin Nohria and Rakesh Khurana. Harvard Business Press, 2010.
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      Are you looking for?

      Jack of All Trades and Master of Knowledge: The Role of Diversification in New Distant Knowledge Integration
      The Business Case for Becoming a Jack-of-All-Trades
      A few hundred years ago, it was considered a virtue to know a little bit about everything. They even had a word for it: “Renaissance man.” Now, with...
      → Search All HBS Web
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