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- March 2023
- Teaching Note
Hikma Pharmaceuticals Governance Journey
By: Suraj Srinivasan and Jonah Goldberg
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 318108. The case opens with Said Darwazah, chairman and CEO of Hikma Pharmaceuticals, the multinational generics company, anticipating the company’s 2017 AGM and reflecting on changes made over the previous year to address concerns...
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Keywords:
Jordan;
Emerging Market;
Private Sector;
For-profit Firms;
Boards Of Directors;
Pharmaceuticals;
Remuneration;
Shareholder Engagement;
Corporate Governance;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Executive Compensation;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Jordan
- November, 2022
- Article
Role of Context in Knowledge Flows: Host Country versus Headquarters as Sources of MNC Subsidiary Knowledge Inheritance
By: Mike Horia Teodorescu, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tarun Khanna
We respond to calls in the strategy and international business literature for elucidating how multinational subsidiaries develop contextual intelligence in host countries and how they use the local context as a source of valuable opportunities for learning. Applying...
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Keywords:
MNCs;
Knowledge Flows;
Innovation;
Gravity Model;
Absorptive Capacity;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Business Subsidiaries;
Knowledge Management;
Business Headquarters;
Innovation and Invention
Teodorescu, Mike Horia, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Tarun Khanna. "Role of Context in Knowledge Flows: Host Country versus Headquarters as Sources of MNC Subsidiary Knowledge Inheritance." Special Issue on Decade Celebration Special Issue II. Global Strategy Journal 12, no. 4 (November, 2022): 658–678.
- October 2022 (Revised April 2023)
- Case
mPharma: Scaling Access to Affordable Primary Care in Africa
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Ben Creo
mPharma is trying to create the largest pan-African healthcare company ever to provide much needed primary care and a reliable, fairly priced supply of drugs. Founder and CEO Greg Rockson must decide how best to achieve this lofty goal. He must prioritize launching a...
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Keywords:
Africa;
Pharmaceutical Companies;
Pharmacy Benefit Manager;
Health Care;
Health Care And Treatment;
Health Care Costs;
Health Care Delivery;
Health Care Entrepreneurship;
Telehealth;
Health Equity;
Corporate Strategy;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Equity;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Expansion;
Product Launch;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Social Enterprise;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Health Industry;
Africa
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Ben Creo. "mPharma: Scaling Access to Affordable Primary Care in Africa." Harvard Business School Case 323-033, October 2022. (Revised April 2023.)
- September 2022 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act: Forced Labor and Genocide in U.S.-China Relations
By: Jeremy Friedman and David Lane
On June 21, 2022, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA) went into effect, requiring companies to prove that goods imported from the People’s Republic of China were not made with forced labor. The bill was a reaction to reports of products being made with...
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Keywords:
Ethics;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Government Legislation;
International Relations;
Labor;
Wages;
Law Enforcement;
Law;
Rights;
Operations;
Supply Chain Management;
Business and Government Relations;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Mining Industry;
China;
United States
Friedman, Jeremy, and David Lane. "The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act: Forced Labor and Genocide in U.S.-China Relations." Harvard Business School Case 723-001, September 2022. (Revised November 2022.)
- March 2022 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
In Search of Global Regulation
By: Geoffrey Jones and Mona Rahmani
The history of the international regulation of global capitalism is surveyed, addressing the challenges facing firms confronting international, national, and regional regulation. Follows the history of global regulation after 1914, from the League of Nations;...
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Keywords:
History;
Multinational Firms and Management;
International Relations;
Laws and Statutes;
Corporate Governance;
Business and Government Relations
Jones, Geoffrey, and Mona Rahmani. "In Search of Global Regulation." Harvard Business School Case 822-122, March 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
- 2022
- Chapter
Crises and International Business
By: Geoffrey Jones
This chapter uses the intellectual journey of the author to suggest that crises have been the norm rather than the exception in the history of international business. Over the last 100 years world wars, regional conflicts, the Great Depression, and decolonization are...
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Keywords:
Crisis;
Multinational Companies;
International Business;
Emerging Market;
Business History;
Multinational Firms and Management;
System Shocks;
War;
Emerging Markets;
Crisis Management
Jones, Geoffrey. "Crises and International Business." Chap. 2 in International Business in Times of Crisis. Vol. 16, edited by Rob van Tulder, Alain Verbeke, Lucia Piscitello, and Jonas Puck, 27–32. Progress in International Business Research. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Talent Flows and the Geography of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Firms
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Sara Signorelli and James M. Sappenfield
Leveraging a unique dataset merging patent data with all work-related migration reforms that took place in 15 countries over 26 years, we show that reforms discouraging inventor mobility decrease the patenting of MNE subsidiaries within a country, while reforms...
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Keywords:
Migration;
Technology;
Policy Evaluation;
Patents;
Information Technology;
Immigration;
Policy;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Globalization
Bahar, Dany, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Sara Signorelli, and James M. Sappenfield. "Talent Flows and the Geography of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-047, January 2022. (Revised December 2022.)
- January 2022
- Case
Walmart Goes Global (A)
By: Juan Alcácer
- August 2021 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
Danaher Corporation (Abridged)
By: Bharat Anand, David J. Collis and Sophie Hood
Between 1985 and 2007, Danaher has been one of the best-performing industrial conglomerates in the U.S. This case examines the corporate strategy of this diversified, global corporation. It describes the firm's portfolio strategy and the Danaher Business System—a...
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Keywords:
Business Conglomerates;
Global Strategy;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Corporate Strategy;
Value Creation;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Competitive Strategy
Anand, Bharat, David J. Collis, and Sophie Hood. "Danaher Corporation (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 722-370, August 2021. (Revised January 2022.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Multi-location Workers in Multinational Firms? Tradeoffs in Contextual Specialization of Employees and Organizational Outcomes
We study how “contextual specialization,” the act of focusing workers’ organizational tasks within a particular locational context, and “contextual non-specialization,” the practice of diversifying workers’ organizational tasks among multiple locational contexts,...
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Keywords:
Talent and Talent Management;
Performance;
Experience and Expertise;
Selection and Staffing;
Strength and Weakness;
Personal Development and Career
Gibson, Hise O., Ryan W. Buell, and Prithwiraj Choudhury. "Multi-location Workers in Multinational Firms? Tradeoffs in Contextual Specialization of Employees and Organizational Outcomes." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-007, August 2021.
- July 2021
- Article
Multinationality and Capital Structure Dynamics: A Corporate Governance Explanation
By: Daniel Gyimah, Nana Abena Kwansa, Anthony K. Kyiu and Anywhere Sikochi
This paper examines the impact of corporate governance on capital structure dynamics. Using ordinary least squares regressions on 17,496 firm-year observations for 2,294 U.S. multinational companies (MNCs) over the period 1990–2018, we find that MNCs with strong...
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Keywords:
Multinationality;
Speed Of Adjustment;
Corporate Governance;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Capital Structure
Gyimah, Daniel, Nana Abena Kwansa, Anthony K. Kyiu, and Anywhere Sikochi. "Multinationality and Capital Structure Dynamics: A Corporate Governance Explanation." Art. 101758. International Review of Financial Analysis 76 (July 2021).
- May 2021
- Teaching Note
From Globalization to Dual Digital Transformation: CEO Thierry Breton Leading Atos Into 'Digital Shockwaves'
By: Tsedal Neeley
Teaching Note for HBS Case Nos. 419-027 and 419-046. Thierry Breton, chairman and CEO of IT company Atos, faces a pivotal juncture. After spending eight intense years scaling the company globally to over 100,000 employees in 70 countries, he sees digital shockwaves...
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- 2021
- Book
Global Goliaths: Multinational Corporations in the 21st Century Economy
By: C. Fritz Foley, James R. Hines Jr. and David Wessel
Globalization and multinational corporations have long seemed partners in the enterprise of economic growth: globalization-led prosperity was the goal, and giant corporations spanning the globe would help achieve it. In recent years, however, the notion that all...
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Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalization;
Economy;
Economic Growth;
Equality and Inequality;
Employment;
Policy
Foley, C. Fritz, James R. Hines Jr., and David Wessel, eds. Global Goliaths: Multinational Corporations in the 21st Century Economy. Brookings Institution Press, 2021.
- March 2021 (Revised May 2021)
- Case
ALDDN: Advancing Local Dairy Development in Nigeria
By: Meg Rithmire and Debora L. Spar
In 2020, Ndidi Nwuneli, founder and CEO of Sahel Consulting in Nigeria, faced a thorny set of problems. Her firm partnered with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in a large project to develop the local dairy industry as a way to facilitate equitable growth and...
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Keywords:
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Food;
Rural Scope;
Growth and Development;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Business and Government Relations;
Equality and Inequality;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Consulting Industry;
Nigeria
Rithmire, Meg, and Debora L. Spar. "ALDDN: Advancing Local Dairy Development in Nigeria." Harvard Business School Case 721-026, March 2021. (Revised May 2021.)
- 2021
- Chapter
Renewing the Relevance of IB: Can Some History Help?
By: Geoffrey Jones
International business (IB) as a discipline has given limited attention to contemporary grand challenges of inequality, global warming, aging populations, endemic health crises, and de-globalization, in all of which multinationals are either central to the problem or...
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Jones, Geoffrey. "Renewing the Relevance of IB: Can Some History Help?" Chap. 6 in The Multiple Dimensions of Institutional Complexity in International Business Research. Vol. 15, edited by Alain Verbeke, Rob van Tulder, Elizabeth L. Rose, and Yingqi Wei, 77–92. Progress in International Business Research. Bingley, United Kingdom: Emerald Publishing Limited, 2021.
- 2021
- Chapter
International Business History and the Strategy of Multinational Enterprises: How History Matters
By: Geoffrey Jones and Teresa da Silva Lopes
This chapter provides an overview of the evolution of international business over the long-run as well as the strategies of MNEs. It highlights how strategies became more complex over time with MNEs moving from being coordinators of resources and managers of...
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Keywords:
Multinational;
International Business;
Internalization;
Globalization;
Theory;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Business History;
Africa;
Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
Middle East;
North and Central America
Jones, Geoffrey, and Teresa da Silva Lopes. "International Business History and the Strategy of Multinational Enterprises: How History Matters." Chap. 2 in The Oxford Handbook of International Business Strategy, edited by Kamel Mellahi, Klaus E. Meyer, Rajneesh Narula, Irina Surdu, and Alain Verbeke. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Effects of Temporal Distance on Intra-Firm Communication: Evidence from Daylight Savings Time
By: Jasmina Chauvin, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tommy Pan Fang
Cross-border communication costs have plummeted and enabled the global distribution of work, but frictions attributable to distance persist. We estimate the causal effects of temporal distance, i.e., time zone separation between employees, on intra-firm communication,...
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Keywords:
Communication Patterns;
Time Zones;
Geographic Frictions;
Knowledge Workers;
Multinational Companies;
Communication;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Geographic Location
Chauvin, Jasmina, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Tommy Pan Fang. "The Effects of Temporal Distance on Intra-Firm Communication: Evidence from Daylight Savings Time." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-052, September 2020. (Revised November 2021.)
- September 2020 (Revised February 2023)
- Teaching Note
Uber: Competing Globally
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-404.
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Keywords:
Business Ventures;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Geography;
Geographic Location;
Geographic Scope;
Global Strategy;
Globalization;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Governance;
Governance Controls;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Innovation and Invention;
Disruptive Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Law;
Management;
Growth and Development;
Growth Management;
Markets;
Demand and Consumers;
Consumer Behavior;
Network Effects;
Emerging Markets;
Market Design;
Market Entry and Exit;
Market Participation;
Supply and Industry;
Industry Structures;
Planning;
Strategic Planning;
Relationships;
Business and Community Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Labor and Management Relations;
Networks;
Adaptation;
Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Competition;
Competitive Advantage;
Competitive Strategy;
Expansion;
Information Technology;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Digital Platforms;
Transportation Networks;
Transportation;
Transportation Industry;
Technology Industry;
Africa;
Ghana;
Asia;
China;
Shanghai;
Shanghai Shi;
India;
New Delhi;
Europe;
United Kingdom;
London;
England;
Latin America;
North and Central America;
United States;
New York (city, NY);
New York (state, US);
South America;
Colombia
- July 2020 (Revised March 2021)
- Case
Board Diversity at Amazon (A)
By: Aiyesha Dey and Anu Atluru
The case revolves around the decisions that the board of directors of ecommerce giant Amazon would need to make in response to the controversial letter that activist shareholder CtW investment group sent to Amazon’s shareholders, urging them to vote in favor of a...
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Keywords:
Board Of Directors;
Boards;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Diversity;
Gender;
Race;
United States
Dey, Aiyesha, and Anu Atluru. "Board Diversity at Amazon (A)." Harvard Business School Case 121-012, July 2020. (Revised March 2021.)
- July 2020
- Article
Intra-firm Geographic Mobility: Value Creation Mechanisms and Future Research Directions
This paper argues that intra-firm geographic mobility is an understudied mechanism that can help mitigate coordination failures in a geographically distributed organization. The paper presents an organizing framework on how intra-firm geographic mobility creates value...
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Choudhury, Prithwiraj. "Intra-firm Geographic Mobility: Value Creation Mechanisms and Future Research Directions." Special Issue on Employee Inter- and Intra-Firm Mobility. Advances in Strategic Management 41 (July 2020).