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- May 2023 (Revised June 2023)
- Case
Harvard University and Urban Mining Industries: Decarbonizing the Supply Chain
By: Shirley Lu and Robert S. Kaplan
The case describes Harvard University’s consideration to decarbonize its supply chain by replacing cement with a low-carbon substitute called Pozzotive®. Developed and produced by Urban Mining Industries, Pozzotive® is a ground-glass material made with post-consumer...
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Lu, Shirley, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Harvard University and Urban Mining Industries: Decarbonizing the Supply Chain." Harvard Business School Case 123-076, May 2023. (Revised June 2023.)
- February 2023
- Case
“The Hope of the World”: Cobalt Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
By: Sophus A. Reinert, Nathaniel Houghton, Quinn Lewis and Andrew Schwab
- December 2022 (Revised February 2023)
- Case
Akooda: Charging Toward Operational Intelligence
By: Christopher T. Stanton and Mel Martin
The Akooda case describes the challenges confronting founder and CEO Yuval Gonczarowski (MBA ‘17) in 2022 as he attempts to boost sales. Launched in November 2020, Akooda was an AI company that mined 20 different sources of digital data, from tools like Slack, Google...
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Keywords:
Data Mining;
Productivity;
Monitoring;
Data Analysis;
AI and Machine Learning;
Knowledge Management;
Operations;
Problems and Challenges;
Employee Relationship Management;
Information Technology Industry;
Technology Industry;
Information Industry;
Boston;
Israel
Stanton, Christopher T., and Mel Martin. "Akooda: Charging Toward Operational Intelligence." Harvard Business School Case 823-018, December 2022. (Revised February 2023.)
- September 2022 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act: Forced Labor and Genocide in U.S.-China Relations
By: Jeremy Friedman and David Lane
On June 21, 2022, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA) went into effect, requiring companies to prove that goods imported from the People’s Republic of China were not made with forced labor. The bill was a reaction to reports of products being made with...
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Keywords:
Ethics;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Government Legislation;
International Relations;
Labor;
Wages;
Law Enforcement;
Law;
Rights;
Operations;
Supply Chain Management;
Business and Government Relations;
Mining Industry;
Mining Industry;
Mining Industry;
China;
United States
Friedman, Jeremy, and David Lane. "The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act: Forced Labor and Genocide in U.S.-China Relations." Harvard Business School Case 723-001, September 2022. (Revised November 2022.)
- 2022
- Other Unpublished Work
Got 'Critical Minerals'? Hooray! But Be Careful
By: Louis T. Wells
When a country has “critical minerals,” certain issues require special attention in the country’s mining legislation or while negotiating contracts with potential mining investors. As well, to obtain maximum benefit the government should prepare for negotiations with...
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Wells, Louis T. "Got 'Critical Minerals'? Hooray! But Be Careful." Columbia FDI Perspectives, No. 338, August 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on the U.S. Economy
By: Joe Long, Carlo Medici, Nancy Qian and Marco Tabellini
This paper studies the impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act, which banned Chinese immigration to the United States after 1882, across U.S. counties between 1870 and 1940. We find that the Act reduced labor supply for both the Chinese and other groups (i.e., white and...
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Keywords:
Immigration;
Growth;
Productivity;
Business History;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Business and Government Relations;
Prejudice and Bias;
Government Legislation;
United States
Long, Joe, Carlo Medici, Nancy Qian, and Marco Tabellini. "The Impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on the U.S. Economy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-008, March 2022.
- June 2022 (Revised January 2023)
- Case
South Africa – a 'Just Energy Transition'
By: Richard Vietor
South Africa, like most other countries, is in the process of reducing its carbon emissions to comply with COP26 and, hopefully, reach net zero emissions by 2050. However, because South Africa relies almost wholly on coal (93%) for electricity, and on coal for...
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Keywords:
Energy;
Economic Development;
Climate Change;
Coal Mining;
Emission Reduction;
Environmental Regulation;
Environmental Sustainability;
Environmental Law;
Labor and Management Relations;
Labor Unions;
Natural Resources;
Energy Policy;
Energy Sources;
South Africa
Vietor, Richard. "South Africa – a 'Just Energy Transition'." Harvard Business School Case 722-069, June 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
- January 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
Chinese Restriction, Violence, and Exclusion in the United States
By: Tom Nicholas, Boyang Han and Tomas Rosales
Many early Chinese immigrants to the United States during the 1850s worked as traditional gold miners, but as gold mining declined in significance, an increasing number were employed as laborers for large scale construction projects such as railroads, roadways, and in...
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Keywords:
Immigration Acts;
Immigration;
Labor;
Jobs and Positions;
Race;
Social Issues;
Laws and Statutes
Nicholas, Tom, Boyang Han, and Tomas Rosales. "Chinese Restriction, Violence, and Exclusion in the United States." Harvard Business School Case 822-091, January 2022. (Revised March 2022.)
- Article
Accounting for Climate Change
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Corporations are facing growing pressure—from investors, advocacy groups, politicians, and even business leaders themselves—to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from their operations and their supply and distribution chains. About 90% of the companies in the S&P...
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Keywords:
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation;
Social Accounting;
E-liabilities;
Business And The Environment;
Climate Change;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Environmental Sustainability
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "Accounting for Climate Change." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 6 (November–December 2021): 120–131.
- 2021
- Working Paper
How to Fix ESG Reporting
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Investors, advocacy groups, academics, and the 200 CEOs of the US Business Roundtable have asked corporations to take on an added purpose beyond a narrow pursuit of shareholder value. In response, many companies now issue ESG (Environmental, Societal, and Governance)...
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Keywords:
ESG Reporting;
Sustainability;
Corporate Purpose;
Greenhouse Gas;
Activity-Based Costing;
Environmental Sustainability;
Environmental Management;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Measurement and Metrics;
Goals and Objectives;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Corporate Accountability
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "How to Fix ESG Reporting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-005, July 2021.
- July 2021 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
K.C. Li: The Tungsten King
By: Geoffrey Jones and Casey Verkamp
This case examines the business career of Kuo-Ching Li, who was born in China in 1892, and built a successful minerals trading business called Wah Chang in the United States during the interwar years. He acquired a prominent role in tungsten, the strongest natural...
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Keywords:
Immigration Acts;
China;
Racial Bias;
Globalization;
Government and Politics;
Business History;
Entrepreneurship;
Business and Government Relations;
Mining Industry;
China;
United States;
Latin America
Jones, Geoffrey, and Casey Verkamp. "K.C. Li: The Tungsten King." Harvard Business School Case 322-024, July 2021. (Revised January 2022.)
- January 2021
- Case
Rio Tinto Aluminum: Can Purpose Lead to Profit?
By: David Fubini and Agastya Muthanna
This case describes the tradeoffs Rio Tinto faces as it considers investments to ensure environmentally friendly, sustainability produced aluminum with the potential risks of competitive pricing and profit loses.
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- October 2020 (Revised November 2020)
- Case
Digging for Gold: Paulson & Co.'s Activism in the Gold Sector
By: Suraj Srinivasan and Jonah S. Goldberg
The case describes the efforts of hedge fund Paulson & Co to influence corporate governance and improve performance in the gold industry. In an innovative move, the hedge fund led the creation of the Shareholder Gold Council, a consortium of large investors in gold...
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Keywords:
Board Of Directors;
Hedge Funds;
Shareholder Activism;
Gold;
Corporate Governance;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Investment Funds;
Investment Activism;
Performance Improvement;
Corporate Accountability;
Mining Industry;
Canada;
United States
Srinivasan, Suraj, and Jonah S. Goldberg. "Digging for Gold: Paulson & Co.'s Activism in the Gold Sector." Harvard Business School Case 121-021, October 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
- February 2020 (Revised August 2021)
- Case
Australia: Commodities, Competitiveness, Climate and China
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Laura Alfaro
For the past few decades, Australia has dealt with the benefits and costs of repeated mining booms—inflation, a housing bubble, a current account deficit, and growing dependence on China. Between 1996 and 2007, however, Australia had most of these issues under control...
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Keywords:
Commodities;
Competitiveness;
Carbon Tax;
Environment;
Capital Flows;
Current Account;
Mining;
Economy;
Problems and Challenges;
Climate Change;
Taxation;
Competition;
Financial Condition;
Government and Politics;
Inflation and Deflation;
Environmental Sustainability;
Australia
Vietor, Richard H.K., and Laura Alfaro. "Australia: Commodities, Competitiveness, Climate and China." Harvard Business School Case 720-028, February 2020. (Revised August 2021.)
- February 2020
- Case
Rotoplas: Bringing More and Better Water
By: John D. Macomber and Carla Larangeira
Private companies were being turned to for potable water in the world’s megacities due to impacts of climate change including droughts and flooding. Mexico City had endured several water-related crises, with its population suffering from floods, droughts, water...
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Keywords:
Water Supply;
Water Management;
Finance;
Infrastructure;
Urban Development;
Business and Government Relations;
Latin America;
Mexico
Macomber, John D., and Carla Larangeira. "Rotoplas: Bringing More and Better Water." Harvard Business School Case 220-064, February 2020.
- Article
Detecting Adversarial Attacks via Subset Scanning of Autoencoder Activations and Reconstruction Error
By: Celia Cintas, Skyler Speakman, Victor Akinwande, William Ogallo, Komminist Weldemariam, Srihari Sridharan and Edward McFowland III
Reliably detecting attacks in a given set of inputs is of high practical relevance because of the vulnerability of neural networks to adversarial examples. These altered inputs create a security risk in applications with real-world consequences, such as self-driving...
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Keywords:
Autoencoder Networks;
Pattern Detection;
Subset Scanning;
Computer Vision;
Statistical Methods And Machine Learning;
Machine Learning;
Deep Learning;
Data Mining;
Big Data;
Large-scale Systems;
Mathematical Methods;
Analytics and Data Science
Cintas, Celia, Skyler Speakman, Victor Akinwande, William Ogallo, Komminist Weldemariam, Srihari Sridharan, and Edward McFowland III. "Detecting Adversarial Attacks via Subset Scanning of Autoencoder Activations and Reconstruction Error." Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence 29th (2020).
- November 2019
- Case
Chile: Unrest in the Copper Nation
By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
For decades, Chile was heralded as South America’s pillar of stable economic growth. Chile was the world’s largest producer of copper and enjoyed a long period of over 30 years of world demand for its resources. In 2013, the commodity boom ended and was replaced by a...
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Keywords:
Copper Production;
Protests;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Metals and Minerals;
Production;
Price;
Mining Industry;
Chile
Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "Chile: Unrest in the Copper Nation." Harvard Business School Case 320-051, November 2019.
- November 2019 (Revised May 2021)
- Case
DeepGreen - the Metals Company and Polymetallic Nodules
The world has begun a “green transition”—a move to reduce carbon emissions. Part of this will entail a growing shift to electric vehicles. Huge amounts of metals—cobalt, nickel, and copper—will be needed to supply electric vehicles. Mining these on land, however, is...
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Keywords:
Polymetallic Nodules;
Seabed Mining;
Entrepreneurial Finance;
Metals and Minerals;
Mining;
Entrepreneurship;
Finance;
Problems and Challenges
Vietor, Richard H.K. "DeepGreen - the Metals Company and Polymetallic Nodules." Harvard Business School Case 720-016, November 2019. (Revised May 2021.)
- Article
From Words to Pixels: Text and Image Mining Methods for Service Research
By: Francisco Villarroel Ordenes and Shunyuan Zhang
Ordenes, Francisco Villarroel, and Shunyuan Zhang. "From Words to Pixels: Text and Image Mining Methods for Service Research." Journal of Service Management 30, no. 5 (2019): 593–620.
- January 2019
- Supplement
The De Beers Group: Launching GemFair for Artisanal Diamonds
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
In April 2018, the De Beers Group launched a pilot project called GemFair to create a new supply of ethically and environmentally sourced diamonds from artisanal and small-scale mines (ASM) in Sierra Leone. Whether this project would yield a meaningful supply of rough...
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Keywords:
Diamonds;
New Business;
Strategy Development;
Strategy Execution;
Scope;
ESG;
Supply;
Corporate Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Value Creation;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Mining Industry;
Mining Industry;
Sierra Leone;
United Kingdom
Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "The De Beers Group: Launching GemFair for Artisanal Diamonds." Harvard Business School Supplement 719-437, January 2019.