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      Measurement And Metrics Remove Measurement And Metrics →

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      • September 2023
      • Article

      Customer Churn and Intangible Capital

      By: Scott R. Baker, Brian Baugh and Marco Sammon
      Intangible capital is a crucial and growing piece of firms’ capital structure, but many of its distinct components are difficult to measure. We develop and make available several new firm-level metrics regarding a key component of intangible capital – firms’ customer...  View Details
      Keywords: Customer Base; Transaction Data; Customer Churn; Intangible Capital; Capital Structure; Measurement and Metrics; Customers
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      Baker, Scott R., Brian Baugh, and Marco Sammon. "Customer Churn and Intangible Capital." Journal of Political Economy Macroeconomics 1, no. 3 (September 2023): 447–505.
      • November 2023
      • Background Note

      Life Cycle Assessment: An Overview

      By: Willy C. Shih, Michael W. Toffel and Kelsey Carter
      Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a holistic approach to quantifying the environmental impacts—including resources consumed and wastes produced—associated with the entire life cycle of a product, from the production or extraction of the raw materials used in its creation,...  View Details
      Keywords: Measurement; Life-cycle; Environmental Performance; Design; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Measurement and Metrics; Standards; Accounting
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      Shih, Willy C., Michael W. Toffel, and Kelsey Carter. "Life Cycle Assessment: An Overview." Harvard Business School Background Note 624-052, November 2023.
      • November 2023
      • Background Note

      Corporate Climate Targets

      By: Willy C. Shih, Michael W. Toffel and Kelsey Carter
      Companies that are addressing climate change by mitigating their greenhouse gas emissions oftern set reduction targets. This note describes several types of widely-used carbon reduction targets, including carbon neutral, science based, net zero, real zero, and carbon...  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Sustainability; Environmental Strategy; Climate Risk; Target-setting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Accountability; Policy; Measurement and Metrics; Strategic Planning; Social Issues
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      Shih, Willy C., Michael W. Toffel, and Kelsey Carter. "Corporate Climate Targets." Harvard Business School Background Note 624-041, November 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Do Active Funds Do Better in What They Trade?

      By: Marco Sammon and John J. Shim
      We develop two new, simple measures to quantify active fund decisions at the individual position level. The intuition is to separate passive rebalancing induced by flows and position changes from active rebalancing decisions. We find that additive active rebalancing --...  View Details
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      Sammon, Marco, and John J. Shim. "Do Active Funds Do Better in What They Trade?" Working Paper, November 2023.
      • November 2023
      • Article

      Open Source Software and Global Entrepreneurship

      By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
      This is the first study to consider the relationship between open source software (OSS) and entrepreneurship around the globe. This study measures whether country-level participation on the GitHub OSS platform affects the founding of innovative ventures, and where it...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Applications and Software; Business Ventures; Development Economics; Innovation and Invention; Global Range
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      Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Open Source Software and Global Entrepreneurship." Art. 104846. Research Policy 52, no. 9 (November 2023).
      • October 2023
      • Case

      Prime Coalition: Estimating Climate Impact

      By: Natalia Rigol, Benjamin N. Roth, Brian Trelstad and Amram Migdal
      A case on CRANE, a tool to help investors and green technology companies estimate the future climate impact of new technologies and products, called emissions reduction potential (ERP). The case includes material on CRANE’s methodology for estimating future carbon...  View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Environmental Accounting; Analysis; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Green Technology; Innovation and Invention; Measurement and Metrics; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Risk and Uncertainty; Nonprofit Organizations; Social Enterprise
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      Rigol, Natalia, Benjamin N. Roth, Brian Trelstad, and Amram Migdal. "Prime Coalition: Estimating Climate Impact." Harvard Business School Case 824-119, October 2023.
      • October 2023
      • Case

      Houghton Mifflin Harcourt: A Curriculum Provider Puts Itself on the Hook for Student Outcomes

      By: John J-H Kim, Derek C. M. van Bever, Michael Norris and Max Hancock
      Jack Lynch, CEO of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH) since 2017, was leading the company’s transformation from a legacy textbook publisher to a digital-first student outcomes provider, which earned subscription revenue from digital products and curriculum. In 2023, HMH...  View Details
      Keywords: Edtech; Textbook; Publishing; Leading Change; Change Management; Transformation; Digital Transformation; Publishing Industry; United States
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      Kim, John J-H, Derek C. M. van Bever, Michael Norris, and Max Hancock. "Houghton Mifflin Harcourt: A Curriculum Provider Puts Itself on the Hook for Student Outcomes." Harvard Business School Case 324-011, October 2023.
      • October 2023 (Revised November 2023)
      • Case

      Rheaply: Circularity For Every Business

      By: Rembrand Koning and Alicia Dadlani
      In March 2023, Garry Cooper, cofounder and CEO of Chicago-based Rheaply, needed to demonstrate that Rheaply’s expanded vision could translate into building cash flows and metrics needed to raise a Series B and turn the business into a model for financial and...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Social Entrepreneurship; Technological Innovation; Technology Industry; Green Technology Industry; United States; Illinois; Chicago
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      Koning, Rembrand, and Alicia Dadlani. "Rheaply: Circularity For Every Business." Harvard Business School Case 724-351, October 2023. (Revised November 2023.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Are Hospital Quality Indicators Causal?

      By: Amitabh Chandra, Maurice Dalton and Douglas O. Staiger
      Hospitals play a key role in patient outcomes and spending, but efforts to improve their quality are hindered because we do not know whether hospital quality indicators are causal or biased. We evaluate the validity of commonly used quality indicators, such as...  View Details
      Keywords: Quality; Health Care and Treatment; Measurement and Metrics; Outcome or Result; Health Industry
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      Chandra, Amitabh, Maurice Dalton, and Douglas O. Staiger. "Are Hospital Quality Indicators Causal?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31789, October 2023.
      • October 2023
      • Article

      Product Variety, the Cost of Living, and Welfare Across Countries

      By: Alberto Cavallo, Robert C. Feenstra and Robert Inklaar
      We use the structure of the Melitz (2003) model to compute the cost of living and welfare across 47 countries, and compare these to conventional measures of prices and real consumption from the International Comparisons Project (ICP). The cost of living is inferred...  View Details
      Keywords: Macroeconomics; Trade
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      Cavallo, Alberto, Robert C. Feenstra, and Robert Inklaar. "Product Variety, the Cost of Living, and Welfare Across Countries." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 15, no. 4 (October 2023): 40–66.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Effect of Childhood Environment on Political Behavior: Evidence from Young U.S. Movers, 1992–2021

      By: Jacob R. Brown, Enrico Cantoni, Sahil Chinoy, Martin Koenen and Vincent Pons
      We ask how childhood environment shapes political behavior. We measure young voters’ participation and party affiliation in nationally comprehensive voter files and reconstruct their childhood location histories based on their parents’ addresses. We compare outcomes of...  View Details
      Keywords: Political Parties; Government and Politics; Age; Residency; Voting
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      Brown, Jacob R., Enrico Cantoni, Sahil Chinoy, Martin Koenen, and Vincent Pons. "The Effect of Childhood Environment on Political Behavior: Evidence from Young U.S. Movers, 1992–2021." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31759, October 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Technical Note

      Measuring and Managing Social Impact

      By: Brian Trelstad
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      Trelstad, Brian. "Measuring and Managing Social Impact." Harvard Business School Technical Note 324-017, September 2023.
      • September 13, 2023
      • Article

      How the Best Chief Data Officers Create Value

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Robin Seibert
      Despite the rapidly increasing prominence of data and analytics functions, the majority of chief data officers (CDOs) fail to value and price the business outcomes created by their data and analytics capabilities. It comes as no surprise then that many CDOs fall behind...  View Details
      Keywords: Value Creation; Analytics and Data Science; Measurement and Metrics; Leadership
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Robin Seibert. "How the Best Chief Data Officers Create Value." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 13, 2023).
      • September 2023
      • Case

      Forecasting Climate Risks: Aviva’s Climate Calculus

      By: Mark Egan and Peter Tufano
      In late 2021, Ben Carr, Director of Analytics and Capital Modeling at Aviva Plc (Aviva)—a leading insurer with core operations in the UK, Ireland and Canada,—was preparing for an upcoming presentation before the company's board which included its CEO, Amanda Blanc,...  View Details
      Keywords: Climate Risk; Climate Finance; Forecasting; Insurance; Risk Measurement; Climate Change; Risk Management; Forecasting and Prediction; Insurance Industry; United States
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      Egan, Mark, and Peter Tufano. "Forecasting Climate Risks: Aviva’s Climate Calculus." Harvard Business School Case 224-025, September 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Global Supply Chains: The Looming 'Great Reallocation'

      By: Laura Alfaro and Davin Chor
      Global supply chains have come under unprecedented stress as a result of U.S.-China trade tensions, the COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical shocks. We document shifts in the pattern of U.S. participation in global value chains over the last four decades, in terms of...  View Details
      Keywords: Supply Chain; International Relations; Trade; Globalized Markets and Industries
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Davin Chor. "Global Supply Chains: The Looming 'Great Reallocation'." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-012, August 2023. (in proceedings Jackson Hole Symposium, 2023 (also NBER WP 31661). See feature in NBER Digest, Nov (2023): Economics, Politics, and the Evolution of Global Supply Chains.)
      • September 2023 (Revised September 2023)
      • Case

      ReMo Energy: Sizing Up Investors

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Tom Quinn
      In 2023, executives with ReMo Energy (founded 2020) were deciding which size ammonia plant to build as their first project. Their innovative model produced ammonia – useful for making fertilizer and for energy storage – from renewable energy, and they had received...  View Details
      Keywords: Factories, Labs, and Plants; Business Startups; Cost vs Benefits; Design; Energy Conservation; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Venture Capital; Investment Return; Goods and Commodities; Size; Infrastructure; Risk and Uncertainty; Science-Based Business; Commercialization; Chemical Industry; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; United States; Boston
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Tom Quinn. "ReMo Energy: Sizing Up Investors." Harvard Business School Case 824-027, September 2023. (Revised September 2023.)
      • September 2023
      • Article

      Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy: Experimental Evidence from Nine Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Vincenzo Galasso, Vincent Pons, Paola Profeta, Martin McKee, David Stuckler, Michael Becher, Sylvain Brouard and Martial Foucault
      We study the impact of public health messages on intentions to vaccinate and vaccination uptakes, especially among hesitant groups. We performed an experiment comparing the effects of egoistic and altruistic messages on COVID-19 vaccine intentions and behaviour. We...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Vaccination; Vaccine Hesitancy; Information Campaigns; Health Pandemics; Behavior; Information
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      Galasso, Vincenzo, Vincent Pons, Paola Profeta, Martin McKee, David Stuckler, Michael Becher, Sylvain Brouard, and Martial Foucault. "Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy: Experimental Evidence from Nine Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic." BMJ Global Health 8, no. 9 (September 2023).
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Incentivizing Innovation in Open Source: Evidence from the GitHub Sponsors Program

      By: Annamaria Conti, Vansh Gupta, Jorge Guzman and Maria P. Roche
      Open source is key to innovation, but we know little about how to incentivize it. In this paper, we examine the impact of a program providing monetary incentives to motivate innovators to contribute to open source. The Sponsors program was introduced by GitHub in...  View Details
      Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Innovation and Invention; Motivation and Incentives; Technology Industry
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      Conti, Annamaria, Vansh Gupta, Jorge Guzman, and Maria P. Roche. "Incentivizing Innovation in Open Source: Evidence from the GitHub Sponsors Program." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-014, September 2023. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31668, September 2023.)
      • September–October 2023
      • Article

      Prospective Evaluation of the Cost of Performing Breast Imaging Examinations Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Method: A Single Center Study

      By: Aamir Ali, Jordana Phillips, Damir Ljuboja, Syed S. Shehab, Etta D. Pisano, Robert S. Kaplan and Ammar Sarwar
      We use time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to measure the cost of performing breast imaging using different modalities: full-field digital mammography (FFDM), digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), US and MRI exams, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care; Breast Cancer; Health Care and Treatment; Cost; Cost Accounting; Health Industry
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      Ali, Aamir, Jordana Phillips, Damir Ljuboja, Syed S. Shehab, Etta D. Pisano, Robert S. Kaplan, and Ammar Sarwar. "Prospective Evaluation of the Cost of Performing Breast Imaging Examinations Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Method: A Single Center Study." Journal of Breast Imaging 5, no. 5 (September–October 2023): 546–554.
      • Article

      Stock Price Reactions to ESG News: The Role of ESG Ratings and Disagreement

      By: George Serafeim and Aaron Yoon
      We investigate whether ESG ratings predict future ESG news and the associated market reactions. We find that the consensus rating predicts future news, but its predictive ability diminishes for firms with large disagreement between raters. Relation between news and...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Disclosure; ESG Ratings; ESG Reporting; ESG Disclosure Metrics; Sustainability; Investments; Disagreement; Rating Disagreement; Ratings; Environmental Sustainability; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Performance; News; Investment; Financial Markets; Stocks; Price
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      Serafeim, George, and Aaron Yoon. "Stock Price Reactions to ESG News: The Role of ESG Ratings and Disagreement." Special Issue on RAST 2022 Conference. Review of Accounting Studies 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 1500–1530.
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