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- March 2008
- Case
Novartis AG: Science-Based Business
By: H. Kent Bowen and Courtney Purrington
Novartis is a science-based drug company, which has important implications for its business strategy. It is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world with over $38B in sales in 2007. Pharmaceuticals account for slightly over $24B of that total. In 2007,...
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Keywords:
Innovation and Invention;
Resource Allocation;
Product Development;
Partners and Partnerships;
Research and Development;
Science-Based Business;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Bowen, H. Kent, and Courtney Purrington. "Novartis AG: Science-Based Business." Harvard Business School Case 608-136, March 2008.
- Article
Marketing, Much Like Democracy, Is Good For You (Yes, Really)
By: John A. Quelch and Katherine E. Jocz
Quelch, John A., and Katherine E. Jocz. "Marketing, Much Like Democracy, Is Good For You (Yes, Really)." Advertising Age 79, no. 6 (February 11, 2008).
- February 2008 (Revised August 2008)
- Case
Quanta Computer and the One Laptop Per Child Initiative
By: Willy Shih, Chintay Shih and Jyun-Chen Wang
When Quanta Computer, Inc., the world's largest manufacturer of laptop computers, first joined the One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) initiative, it faced a challenge trying to balance the cost objectives of a laptop computer targeted at children of the developing world with...
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Keywords:
For-Profit Firms;
Disruptive Innovation;
Demand and Consumers;
Supply Chain;
Partners and Partnerships;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Hardware
Shih, Willy, Chintay Shih, and Jyun-Chen Wang. "Quanta Computer and the One Laptop Per Child Initiative." Harvard Business School Case 608-102, February 2008. (Revised August 2008.)
- February 2008
- Article
Where Do Transactions Come From? Modularity, Transactions, and the Boundaries of Firms
This article constructs a theory of the location of transactions and the boundaries of firms in a productive system. It proposes that systems of production can be viewed as networks, in which tasks-cum-agents are the nodes and transfers—of material, energy and...
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Keywords:
Boundaries;
Production;
Market Transactions;
Supply Chain;
Management;
Cost;
Theory;
Performance Productivity;
Information Management;
Complexity
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Where Do Transactions Come From? Modularity, Transactions, and the Boundaries of Firms." Industrial and Corporate Change 17, no. 1 (February 2008): 155–195. (Selected as one of the top twenty articles in the first twenty years of publication, 1992-2011.)
- January 2008
- Background Note
Equity Options
By: Joshua Coval and Erik Stafford
The goal of this simulation is to understand the reliance of option values on volatility. When an investor trades an option, they are essentially trading volatility. Therefore, much of the focus in this lesson is on forecasting volatility. Students are able to use two...
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Keywords:
Volatility;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Stock Options;
Investment Return;
Price;
Market Transactions;
Mathematical Methods;
Value
Coval, Joshua, and Erik Stafford. "Equity Options." Harvard Business School Background Note 208-118, January 2008.
- 2008
- Working Paper
Cost of External Finance and Selection into Entrepreneurship
By: Ramana Nanda
This paper examines the extent to which the positive relationship between personal wealth and entry into entrepreneurship is due to financing constraints. I exploit a tax reform and use unique micro-data from Denmark to study how exogenous changes in the cost of...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Entrepreneurship;
Cost;
Financing and Loans;
Personal Finance;
Human Capital;
Wealth;
Denmark
Nanda, Ramana. "Cost of External Finance and Selection into Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-047, January 2008.
- January 2008
- Article
Entrepreneurship and Urban Success: Toward a Policy Consensus
By: Zoltan J. Acs, Edward L. Glaeser, Robert E. Litan, Lee Fleming, Stephan J. Goetz, William R. Kerr, Steven Klepper, Stuart S. Rosenthal, Olav Sorenson and William C. Strange
Like all politics, all entrepreneurship is local. Individuals launch firms and, if successful, expand their enterprises to other locations. But new firms must start somewhere, even if their businesses are conducted largely or exclusively on the Internet. Likewise,...
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Keywords:
Business Headquarters;
Business Startups;
Development Economics;
Economy;
Entrepreneurship;
Policy;
Taxation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Product Development;
Business Processes;
Expansion;
Internet
Acs, Zoltan J., Edward L. Glaeser, Robert E. Litan, Lee Fleming, Stephan J. Goetz, William R. Kerr, Steven Klepper, Stuart S. Rosenthal, Olav Sorenson, and William C. Strange. "Entrepreneurship and Urban Success: Toward a Policy Consensus." Kauffman Foundation Research Report (January 2008).
- 2008
- Other Unpublished Work
The Paranoid Style in the Study of American Politics
By: David Moss and Mary Oey
The conventional view is that political actors, like economic actors, pursue their self interest, and that special interest groups dominate the policy making process by satisfying policy makers' need for money and other forms of political support. Indeed, many... View Details
Keywords:
Policy;
Government Legislation;
Media;
Interests;
Power and Influence;
Public Opinion;
United States
- 2008
- Working Paper
Workplace Peers and Entrepreneurship
By: Ramana Nanda and Jesper B. Sorensen
We examine whether the likelihood of entrepreneurial activity is related to the prior career experiences of an individual's co-workers, using a unique matched employer-employee panel dataset. We argue that coworkers can increase the likelihood that an individual...
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Keywords:
Experience and Expertise;
Entrepreneurship;
Personal Development and Career;
Power and Influence
Nanda, Ramana, and Jesper B. Sorensen. "Workplace Peers and Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-051, January 2008. (revised January 2009, March 2010.)
- December 2007
- Case
Envisioning "Free Banking" in Antebellum New York (A)
By: David A. Moss and Cole Bolton
Banks throughout New York State suspended specie payments (i.e., payments in gold and silver) in May 1837 following the collapse of several state banks and the onset of a nationwide financial panic. Amid the chaos, the upstart Whigs were able to depose the longstanding...
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Keywords:
History;
Government Legislation;
Capital;
Financial Crisis;
Banks and Banking;
Banking Industry;
New York (state, US)
Moss, David A., and Cole Bolton. Envisioning "Free Banking" in Antebellum New York (A). Harvard Business School Case 708-038, December 2007.
- November 2007
- Supplement
Differences at Work: Jason (B)
By: Sandra J. Sucher and Rachel Gordon
In Differences at Work: Jason (B) HBS Case No. 9-408-049 Jason decides that his firm should have a more articulated position that everyone in the firm understands about why diversity benefits the firm instead of pursing diversity because it feels like the “right” thing...
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Sucher, Sandra J., and Rachel Gordon. "Differences at Work: Jason (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 408-049, November 2007.
- November 2007 (Revised June 2011)
- Case
ISS A/S (A)
By: Clayton S. Rose
Provides the opportunity to examine the nature and extent of a company's responsibilities to its bondholders, and to develop an enhanced understanding of the challenges in managing contractual obligations, and circumstances under which business leaders might agree to...
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Keywords:
Risk and Uncertainty;
Bonds;
Contracts;
Private Equity;
Leveraged Buyouts;
Privatization;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Borrowing and Debt;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Europe
Rose, Clayton S. "ISS A/S (A)." Harvard Business School Case 308-054, November 2007. (Revised June 2011.)
- October 2007 (Revised January 2009)
- Background Note
Analyzing Relative Costs
By: Hanna Halaburda and Jan W. Rivkin
Introduces students to the technique of relative cost analysis, a core technique of strategists. Among the intricate quantitative analyses that strategists undertake, relative cost analysis may be the most common. The goal of a relative cost analysis is simply to...
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Keywords:
Cost;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
Mathematical Methods;
Competition;
Competitive Advantage
Halaburda, Hanna, and Jan W. Rivkin. "Analyzing Relative Costs." Harvard Business School Background Note 708-462, October 2007. (Revised January 2009.)
- October 2007 (Revised July 2016)
- Teaching Note
Gordon Bethune at Continental Airlines
By: Anthony J. Mayo
A $385 million loss for the final months of fiscal year 1994 signaled Continental might go bankrupt. Could new CEO Gordon Bethune turn Continental around? Continental was in dire straits because the deregulation of the commercial airline industry in 1978 ushered in a...
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- October 2007
- Case
The AtekPC Project Management Office
By: F. Warren McFarlan, Mark Keil and John Hupp
Presents one company's efforts to implement a project management organization, or PMO, and the challenges they faced in doing so. Issues brought out in the case include defining the PMO's purpose and mission, the structure and governance of the PMO, and how to...
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Keywords:
Projects;
Goals and Objectives;
Technological Innovation;
Information Technology;
Business Strategy;
Mathematical Methods;
Consulting Industry
McFarlan, F. Warren, Mark Keil, and John Hupp. "The AtekPC Project Management Office." Harvard Business School Case 308-049, October 2007.
- October 2007 (Revised March 2008)
- Case
Dove: Evolution of a Brand
By: John A. Deighton
Examines the evolution of Dove from functional brand to a brand with a point of view after Unilever designated it as a masterbrand, and expanded its portfolio to cover entries into a number of sectors beyond the original bath soap category. The development causes the...
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Keywords:
History;
Expansion;
Marketing Strategy;
Social Marketing;
Digital Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Products Industry;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry
Deighton, John A. "Dove: Evolution of a Brand." Harvard Business School Case 508-047, October 2007. (Revised March 2008.) (request a courtesy copy.)
- 2007
- Book
An Experiment in Fair Value Accounting? The State of the Art in Research and Thought Leadership on Accounting for Life Assurance in the UK and Continental Europe
By: Joanne G Horton, Richard H. Macve and George Serafeim
"Fair value" is currently the central topic of debate in the development of accounting standards. While it has now been defined to mean an exit price in US GAAP, the IASB is still considering its own definition, and some commentators are arguing for versions of entry...
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Keywords:
Transition;
Financial Instruments;
Framework;
Market Entry and Exit;
Insurance;
Revenue Recognition;
Fair Value Accounting;
Standards;
United Kingdom
Horton, Joanne G., Richard H. Macve, and George Serafeim. An Experiment in Fair Value Accounting? The State of the Art in Research and Thought Leadership on Accounting for Life Assurance in the UK and Continental Europe. London, UK: Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, Centre for Business Performance, 2007.
- September 2007 (Revised November 2007)
- Case
Bunge: Food, Fuel, and World Markets
By: Tarun Khanna, Santiago Mingo and Jonathan West
In 2007, Bunge, an agribusiness company, had over $26 billion in worldwide sales and was considered, along with Cargill and Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), one of three very integrated worldwide agribusiness companies. Headquartered in White Plains, NY, the company has...
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Keywords:
Globalized Firms and Management;
Operations;
Organizational Design;
Situation or Environment;
Strategy;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
White Plains;
Brazil
Khanna, Tarun, Santiago Mingo, and Jonathan West. "Bunge: Food, Fuel, and World Markets." Harvard Business School Case 708-443, September 2007. (Revised November 2007.)
- 2007
- Working Paper
Digital Interactivity: Unanticipated Consequences for Markets, Marketing, and Consumers
By: John A. Deighton and Leora Kornfeld
The digital interactive transformation in marketing is not unfolding, as many thought it would, on the model of direct marketing. That model anticipated that digital media using rich profiling data would intrude marketing messaging more deeply and more precisely into...
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Keywords:
Communication Intention and Meaning;
Interactive Communication;
Marketing Communications;
Consumer Behavior;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Internet and the Web
Deighton, John A., and Leora Kornfeld. "Digital Interactivity: Unanticipated Consequences for Markets, Marketing, and Consumers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-017, September 2007.
- September 2007
- Article
Investigative Negotiation
By: Deepak Malhotra and Max H. Bazerman
This article includes a one-page preview that quickly summarizes the key ideas and provides an overview of how the concepts work in practice along with suggestions for further reading. Negotiators often fail to achieve results because they channel too much effort into...
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Keywords:
Knowledge Acquisition;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Negotiation Process;
Negotiation Tactics;
Motivation and Incentives;
Perspective;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Malhotra, Deepak, and Max H. Bazerman. "Investigative Negotiation." Harvard Business Review 85, no. 9 (September 2007).