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      • Faculty Publications  (122)

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      • March 2022 (Revised April 2022)
      • Teaching Note

      Spotify's Audio-First Strategy: Leading the Podcasting Market

      By: Hong Luo and Carol Lin
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 721-439. Within 15 years, CEO Daniel Ek had led Spotify from an ambitious startup to a multi-billion dollar company that had transformed the music industry. As part of Spotify’s next phase of growth, the platform would invest heavily in...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Divisions; Customer Relationship Management; Revenue; Music Industry
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      Luo, Hong, and Carol Lin. "Spotify's Audio-First Strategy: Leading the Podcasting Market." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 722-443, March 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
      • August 2021 (Revised August 2021)
      • Background Note

      Oil: History, Present and Future

      By: Jurgen Weiss
      This background note is intended to provide context for a discussion of the strategies for big integrated oil companies in light of both oil’s current role in the global energy system and the uncertainty about changes going forward.  View Details
      Keywords: Oil; Energy Markets; Oil Prices; Oil Companies; Decarbonization; Non-Renewable Energy; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Globalized Markets and Industries
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      Weiss, Jurgen. "Oil: History, Present and Future." Harvard Business School Background Note 722-011, August 2021. (Revised August 2021.)
      • Article

      What Professional Service Firms Must Do to Thrive

      By: Ashish Nanda and Das Narayandas
      When the going gets tough, professional service firms (PSFs) often get desperate and chase all kinds of business just to keep the lights on. Consultancies, financial services firms, VC/PE firms, and the like offer services and sign up clients they should never have...  View Details
      Keywords: Professional Service Firms; Client Mix; Strategic Positioning; Organizations; Performance Effectiveness; Decision Making; Framework
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      Nanda, Ashish, and Das Narayandas. "What Professional Service Firms Must Do to Thrive." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 2 (March–April 2021): 98–107.
      • 2020
      • Chapter

      Reserve Accumulation, Sovereign Debt, and Exchange Rate Policy

      By: Laura Alfaro and Fabio Kanczuk
      In the past decade, foreign participation in local-currency bond markets in emerging countries increased dramatically. Additionally, emerging countries are increasingly deviating from inflation targeting regimes, managing their exchange rate and engaging in...  View Details
      Keywords: Reserves; Exchange Rate; Sovereign Finance; Currency Exchange Rate; Policy
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. "Reserve Accumulation, Sovereign Debt, and Exchange Rate Policy." In Asset Management at Central Banks and Monetary Authorities: New Practices in Managing International Foreign Exchange Reserves, edited by Jacob Bjorheim. Springer, 2020. (Book link.)
      • 2020
      • Article

      A Practical Approach to Sales Compensation: What Do We Know Now? What Should We Know in the Future?

      By: Doug J. Chung, Byungyeon Kim and Niladri B. Syam
      Personal selling represents one of the most important elements in the marketing mix, and appropriate management of the sales force is vital to achieving the organization’s objectives. Among the various instruments of sales management, compensation plays a pivotal role...  View Details
      Keywords: Sales Compensation; Sales Management; Sales Strategy; Principal-agent Theory; Structural Econometrics; Field Experiments; Machine Learning; Artificial Intelligence; Salesforce Management; Compensation and Benefits; Motivation and Incentives; AI and Machine Learning
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      Chung, Doug J., Byungyeon Kim, and Niladri B. Syam. "A Practical Approach to Sales Compensation: What Do We Know Now? What Should We Know in the Future?" Foundations and Trends® in Marketing 14, no. 1 (2020): 1–52.
      • February 2020 (Revised June 2020)
      • Case

      Shaping the Governance Debate at ISS

      By: Suraj Srinivasan, Jonah S. Goldberg and Calvin O. Liou
      ISS is the world’s largest provider of corporate governance research, data, analytics, and voting services. The case uses the effort of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to impose an array of new regulations that would severely restrict the functioning of...  View Details
      Keywords: Proxy Advisory Services; Corporate Governance; Research; Investment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Business and Shareholder Relations; Institutional Investing
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, Jonah S. Goldberg, and Calvin O. Liou. "Shaping the Governance Debate at ISS." Harvard Business School Case 120-085, February 2020. (Revised June 2020.)
      • Article

      Machine Learning Approaches to Facial and Text Analysis: Discovering CEO Oral Communication Styles

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Dan Wang, Natalie A. Carlson and Tarun Khanna
      We demonstrate how a novel synthesis of three methods—(1) unsupervised topic modeling of text data to generate new measures of textual variance, (2) sentiment analysis of text data, and (3) supervised ML coding of facial images with a cutting-edge convolutional neural...  View Details
      Keywords: CEOs; Communication Style; Machine Learning; Spoken Communication; Nonverbal Communication; Personal Characteristics; Analysis; Performance
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Dan Wang, Natalie A. Carlson, and Tarun Khanna. "Machine Learning Approaches to Facial and Text Analysis: Discovering CEO Oral Communication Styles." Strategic Management Journal 40, no. 11 (November 2019): 1705–1732.
      • September 2019
      • Article

      The Persistence of Broadband User Behavior: Implications for Universal Service and Competition Policy

      By: Andre Boik, Shane Greenstein and Jeffrey Prince
      In several markets, firms compete not for consumer expenditure but consumer attention. We examine user priorities over the allocation of their time, and interpret that behavior in light of salient tensions in policy discussions over universal service, data caps, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Broadband Service; Attention Allocation; Consumer Behavior; Household; Internet and the Web; Competition; Policy
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      Boik, Andre, Shane Greenstein, and Jeffrey Prince. "The Persistence of Broadband User Behavior: Implications for Universal Service and Competition Policy." Telecommunications Policy 43, no. 8 (September 2019).
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry

      By: Young Hou and Dennis Yao
      This paper exploits a natural experiment involving self-regulation in the ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate how firms respond to entry in light of changes in competition and to estimate the value of brand equity as products are repositioned....  View Details
      Keywords: Positioning; Resources; Competitive Dynamics; Non-market Strategy; Goods and Commodities; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Product Positioning; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Hou, Young, and Dennis Yao. "Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-014, August 2019. (Revised May 2020.)
      • April 2019 (Revised January 2022)
      • Case

      Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects

      By: Christopher Stanton, Richard Saouma and Olivia Hull
      The importance of a good peer or coworker is widely discussed, but understanding the glue that makes coworkers valuable is less understood. This case sheds light on the importance of peers and the practices and environments that make a group greater than the sum of its...  View Details
      Keywords: Talent and Talent Management; Interactive Communication; Experience and Expertise; Decision Making; Training; Design; Compensation and Benefits; Knowledge Acquisition; Knowledge Sharing; Human Capital; Working Conditions; Measurement and Metrics; Outcome or Result; Performance; Performance Improvement; Research; Sales; Salesforce Management; Motivation and Incentives; Telecommunications Industry; Utah; United States
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      Stanton, Christopher, Richard Saouma, and Olivia Hull. "Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects." Harvard Business School Case 819-072, April 2019. (Revised January 2022.)
      • April 2019
      • Case

      Coup or Crime? The Case of Carlos Ghosn

      By: Aiyesha Dey, Jonas Heese and Puneet Brar
      This case explores the interplay of global corporations, management styles, and local traditions through the high profile arrest of auto industry icon, Carlos Ghosn, in November 2018. The case allows students to debate opposing theories that led to the arrest and...  View Details
      Keywords: Management Style; Globalized Markets and Industries; Problems and Challenges; Ethics; Governance Controls
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      Dey, Aiyesha, Jonas Heese, and Puneet Brar. "Coup or Crime? The Case of Carlos Ghosn." Harvard Business School Case 119-096, April 2019.
      • Article

      Oral History and the Business History of Emerging Markets

      By: Geoffrey Jones and Rachael Comunale
      This article highlights the benefits that rigorous use of oral history can offer to research on the contemporary business history of emerging markets. Oral history can help fill some of the major information voids arising from the absence of a strong tradition of...  View Details
      Keywords: Oral History; Corruption; Business History; Emerging Markets; Entrepreneurship; Globalization; Business and Government Relations; Government and Politics; Asia; Africa; Latin America
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      Jones, Geoffrey, and Rachael Comunale. "Oral History and the Business History of Emerging Markets." Enterprise & Society 20, no. 1 (March 2019): 19–32.
      • Article

      Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence

      By: Hyunjin Kim and Michael Luca
      Dominant platform businesses often develop products in adjacent markets to complement their core business. One common approach used to gain traction in these adjacent markets has been to pursue a tying strategy. For example, Microsoft pre-installed Internet Explorer...  View Details
      Keywords: Tying; Platform Strategy; Google; Product; Quality; Digital Platforms; Strategy; Market Entry and Exit
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      Kim, Hyunjin, and Michael Luca. "Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence." Management Science 65, no. 2 (February 2019): 596–603.
      • December 2018 (Revised May 2019)
      • Case

      Bord Bia: Strategically Growing Irish Exports

      By: Jose B. Alvarez, Forest L. Reinhardt and Emer Moloney
      Agriculture was Ireland’s largest indigenous industry. Its agri-food sector was export driven, with almost 90% of production exported. Bord Bia was the Irish government agency charged with the promotion, trade development, and marketing of the Irish food, drink, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Trends; Disruption; Communication Strategy; Experience and Expertise; Talent and Talent Management; Public Sector; Trade; Education; Food; Geography; Geographic Location; Rural Scope; Corporate Governance; Government Administration; Information; Knowledge Dissemination; Marketing Channels; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Marketing Strategy; Planning; Business and Government Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Public Opinion; Business Strategy; Diversification; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Public Administration Industry; Retail Industry; Republic of Ireland; United Kingdom; Europe
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      Alvarez, Jose B., Forest L. Reinhardt, and Emer Moloney. "Bord Bia: Strategically Growing Irish Exports." Harvard Business School Case 519-043, December 2018. (Revised May 2019.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Oral History and Writing the Business History of Emerging Markets

      By: Geoffrey Jones and Rachael Comunale
      This working paper highlights the benefits that rigorous use of oral history can offer to research on the contemporary business history of emerging markets. Oral history can help fill some of the major information voids arising from the absence of a strong tradition of...  View Details
      Keywords: Oral History; Business History; Research; Emerging Markets
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      Jones, Geoffrey, and Rachael Comunale. "Oral History and Writing the Business History of Emerging Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-056, November 2018.
      • Article

      Business, Governments and Political Risk in South Asia and Latin America since 1970

      By: G. Jones and Rachael Comunale
      This article contributes to the literature on political risk in business and economic history by examining both new perspectives (risk encountered by companies domestically, rather than risk for foreign investors) and new settings (emerging markets economies in Latin...  View Details
      Keywords: Political Risk; Emerging Market; Bribery; Business & Government Relations; Turbulence; Violence; Risk and Uncertainty; Emerging Markets; Crime and Corruption; Business and Government Relations; Business History; India; Latin America
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      Jones, G., and Rachael Comunale. "Business, Governments and Political Risk in South Asia and Latin America since 1970." Australian Economic History Review 58, no. 3 (November 2018): 233–264.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence

      By: Michael Luca
      Dominant platform businesses often develop products in adjacent markets to complement their core business. One common approach used to gain traction in these adjacent markets has been to pursue a tying strategy. For example, Microsoft pre-installed Internet Explorer...  View Details
      Keywords: Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Competitive Strategy; Product Marketing; Quality
      Citation
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      Kim, Hyunjin, and Michael Luca. "Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-045, October 2018. (Revised December 2018. Forthcoming in Management Science.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Pioneer (Dis-)advantages in Markets for Technology

      By: Moritz Fischer, Joachim Henkel and Ariel Dora Stern
      This study sheds new light on first- and early-mover advantages in the context of product innovation. Research on this classic topic often assumes that each firm participates in the entirety of the innovation and commercialization process. However, a division of labor...  View Details
      Keywords: First-mover Advantage; Product; Innovation Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Acquisition; Technology
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      Fischer, Moritz, Joachim Henkel, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Pioneer (Dis-)advantages in Markets for Technology." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-043, October 2018. (Revised March 2020.)
      • May 2018 (Revised June 2018)
      • Case

      Ashar Group: Brokers and Co-opetition in the Life Settlement Industry

      By: Alexander Braun, Lauren H. Cohen, Christopher J. Malloy and Jiahua Xu
      Connecting life insurance policyholders with potential investors (called Life Settlement Providers), Ashar Group plays a pivotal role in the industry. Its current position is, however, increasingly being challenged by consumer-direct models, led by major providers...  View Details
      Keywords: Insurance; Investment; Markets; Competitive Strategy; Cooperation; Financial Services Industry
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      Braun, Alexander, Lauren H. Cohen, Christopher J. Malloy, and Jiahua Xu. "Ashar Group: Brokers and Co-opetition in the Life Settlement Industry." Harvard Business School Case 218-109, May 2018. (Revised June 2018.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Machine Learning Approaches to Facial and Text Analysis: Discovering CEO Oral Communication Styles

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Dan Wang, Natalie A. Carlson and Tarun Khanna
      We demonstrate how a novel synthesis of three methods—(1) unsupervised topic modeling of text data to generate new measures of textual variance, (2) sentiment analysis of text data, and (3) supervised ML coding of facial images with a cutting-edge convolutional neural...  View Details
      Keywords: Spoken Communication; Business History; Analytics and Data Science; Finance; Performance
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Dan Wang, Natalie A. Carlson, and Tarun Khanna. "Machine Learning Approaches to Facial and Text Analysis: Discovering CEO Oral Communication Styles." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-064, January 2018. (Revised May 2019.)
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