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      • Faculty Publications  (162)

      LicensingRemove Licensing →

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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Transferability MATTRs: Towards Understanding Antecedents of Strategic Licensing

      By: Dafna F. Bearson and Maria P. Roche
      This paper examines the antecedents of firms’ decisions to license intellectual property (IP). We propose a conceptual framework emphasizing two critical factors: (1) transferability, which we define as the ease of moving knowledge embodied in inventions across firm... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Intellectual Property; Value Creation
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      Bearson, Dafna F., and Maria P. Roche. "Transferability MATTRs: Towards Understanding Antecedents of Strategic Licensing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-042, March 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Teaching Note

      Influencer-Led Brand Building: Hairitage and the McKnights

      By: William R. Kerr and James Palano
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 825-066. Mindy McKnight started in 2009 as an early influencer on social media whose videos of creative hairstyles for girls launched her family on an entrepreneurship journey. The McKnights transitioned from YouTube ad revenue to brand... View Details
      Keywords: Family Business; Social Media; Entrepreneurship; Brands and Branding; Product Launch; Power and Influence; Expansion; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry
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      Kerr, William R., and James Palano. "Influencer-Led Brand Building: Hairitage and the McKnights." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 825-125, February 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Case

      Hyperscaling Dreams: Ualá's Path from Startup to Fintech Champion

      By: Juan Alcácer and Manuel Franck
      Ualá, a fintech startup founded in Argentina in 2017 by Pierpaolo Barbieri, aimed to increase financial inclusion in Latin America through a digital platform linked to a prepaid card. After rapid success in Argentina, it expanded into Mexico and Colombia, acquiring... View Details
      Keywords: Banks and Banking; Leadership; Venture Capital; Talent and Talent Management; Strategy; Credit; Business Startups; Profit; Growth and Development Strategy; Banking Industry; Argentina; Mexico; Colombia; Latin America
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      Alcácer, Juan, and Manuel Franck. "Hyperscaling Dreams: Ualá's Path from Startup to Fintech Champion." Harvard Business School Case 725-408, February 2025.
      • January 2025 (Revised April 2025)
      • Case

      Duolingo: On a 'Streak'

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Nicole Tempest Keller and Nicole Luo
      In December 2024, Severin Hacker, Co-Founder and Chief Technology Officer of Duolingo, reflected on the remarkable evolution of the language-learning app he helped launch in 2011. As the #1 most downloaded education app in the world, Duolingo had over 100 million... View Details
      Keywords: Learning; AI and Machine Learning; Growth and Development Strategy; Motivation and Incentives; Diversification; Business Model; Market Entry and Exit; Technology Industry; Education Industry; United States
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Nicole Tempest Keller, and Nicole Luo. "Duolingo: On a 'Streak'." Harvard Business School Case 825-097, January 2025. (Revised April 2025.)
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Summer Health: Raising an AI-First Company?

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Sarah Mehta and Maxim Pike Harrell
      In October 2023, Summer Health CEO Ellen DaSilva arrived at a defining juncture for her pediatric telehealth startup. Founded in 2021, Summer Health offered parents rapid access to licensed pediatricians via text message. DaSilva, an experienced telehealth executive,... View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Entrepreneurship; Leadership; Business Startups; Health Care and Treatment; Business Strategy; Health Industry; Telecommunications Industry; United States
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Sarah Mehta, and Maxim Pike Harrell. "Summer Health: Raising an AI-First Company?" Harvard Business School Case 825-083, January 2025.
      • December 2024
      • Case

      Xtalic

      By: Joshua Lev Krieger and Jim Matheson
      This case study examines the commercialization efforts of Xtalic, a startup founded by MIT scientists based on their discovery of a novel material science method to protect metal substrates. The case focuses on the strategic decisions involved in bringing this... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation & Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Management; Entrepreneurial Finance; Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Business Startups; Agreements and Arrangements; Science-Based Business; Commercialization
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      Krieger, Joshua Lev, and Jim Matheson. "Xtalic." Harvard Business School Case 825-103, December 2024.
      • September 2024 (Revised October 2024)
      • Case

      River Remedy: Navigating Mississippi’s Medical Marijuana Market

      By: Robin Greenwood, Richard S. Ruback and Robert Ialenti
      MBA student William Chism, the founder of a fully integrated medical marijuana company based in Mississippi, must respond to a significant disruption in the fledgling industry. In late 2023, Rapid Analytics, one of two active licensed testing facilities, has its... View Details
      Keywords: Plant-Based Agribusiness; Business Growth and Maturation; Forecasting and Prediction; Microeconomics; Local Range; Government Legislation; Demand and Consumers; Supply and Industry; Competitive Strategy; Governance Controls; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Mississippi
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      Greenwood, Robin, Richard S. Ruback, and Robert Ialenti. "River Remedy: Navigating Mississippi’s Medical Marijuana Market." Harvard Business School Case 225-011, September 2024. (Revised October 2024.)
      • August 2024
      • Case

      Scaling Seven Starling

      By: Ryan W. Buell and Carin-Isabel Knoop
      Seven Starling, a maternal mental health startup, is scaling its digital clinic model. Seven Starling addresses perinatal mental health challenges by providing licensed therapists, peer support, and medication to mothers across five states, with a hybrid care model... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Startups; Health Care and Treatment; Growth and Development Strategy; Mission and Purpose; Health Industry
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      Buell, Ryan W., and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Scaling Seven Starling." Harvard Business School Case 625-046, August 2024.
      • July 2024
      • Technical Note

      Intellectual Property in Tough Tech Ventures

      By: Joshua Lev Krieger, Jim Matheson, Russ Wilcox and Mel Martin
      This note explains the crucial role of intellectual property rights (IPR), particularly patents, in the success of tough tech ventures (TTVs). It outlines the patent system's mechanics, emphasizing utility patents and their requirements for novelty, non-obviousness,... View Details
      Keywords: Intellectual Property
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      Krieger, Joshua Lev, Jim Matheson, Russ Wilcox, and Mel Martin. "Intellectual Property in Tough Tech Ventures." Harvard Business School Technical Note 825-045, July 2024.
      • July 2024 (Revised December 2024)
      • Case

      Compass Ethics: Governing Through Ethical Principles at WeCorp Industries

      By: Elisabeth Kempf and Jesse M. Shapiro
      Andrew Hill is Chief Information Officer at WeCorp, a UK-based defense technology startup specializing in drone technology. WeCorp faces decisions about international licensing and AI integration in its drones. In partnership with Compass Ethics, Hill aims to establish... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Decision Making; Ethics; Entrepreneurial Finance; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Industry; United Kingdom
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      Kempf, Elisabeth, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "Compass Ethics: Governing Through Ethical Principles at WeCorp Industries." Harvard Business School Case 224-105, July 2024. (Revised December 2024.)
      • July, 2024
      • Article

      Consumer Protection in an Online World: An Analysis of Occupational Licensing

      By: Chiara Farronato, Andrey Fradkin, Bradley Larsen and Erik Brynjolfsson
      We study the demand and supply implications of occupational licensing using transaction-level data from a large online platform for home improvement services. We find that demand is more responsive to a professional's reviews than to the professional's... View Details
      Keywords: Occupational Licensing; Consumer Protection; Perception; Experience and Expertise; Public Opinion; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Demand and Consumers
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      Farronato, Chiara, Andrey Fradkin, Bradley Larsen, and Erik Brynjolfsson. "Consumer Protection in an Online World: An Analysis of Occupational Licensing." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 16, no. 3 (July, 2024): 549–579.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      The Value of Silence: The Effect of UMG’s Licensing Dispute with TikTok on Music Demand

      By: Mengjie (Magie) Cheng, Elie Ofek and Hema Yoganarasimhan
      Social media platforms like TikTok have transformed how music is discovered, consumed, and monetized. This study examines the implications of the dispute between TikTok and Universal Music Group (UMG), which resulted in UMG excluding its music from TikTok from... View Details
      Keywords: Demand And Consumers; Monetization; Social Media; Revenue; Conflict and Resolution; Music Industry
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      Cheng, Mengjie (Magie), Elie Ofek, and Hema Yoganarasimhan. "The Value of Silence: The Effect of UMG’s Licensing Dispute with TikTok on Music Demand." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-014, July 2024. (Revised October 2024.)
      • June 2024
      • Teaching Note

      Roku 2021

      By: David B. Yoffie
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 721-480. This case is used to explore the strategic concept of "look forward, reason back." Roku in 2021 is trying to figure out the future of television and streaming media. Students are asked to provide a vision for television and... View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Television Entertainment; Forecasting and Prediction; Decision Choices and Conditions; Strategy; Strategic Planning; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Media and Broadcasting Industry
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      Yoffie, David B. "Roku 2021." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-497, June 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Dusting Off the Old Ones: Drug Licensing to Startups, Innovation Success and Efficiency

      By: Mosab Hammoudeh, Joshua Lev Krieger and Jiajie Xu
      This paper investigates whether moving R&D from incumbents to startups can increase innovation. Using comprehensive drug development data, we examine the outcomes of drug projects licensed from large firms to startups. We find that these projects licensed to startups... View Details
      Keywords: Product Development; Innovation and Invention; Business Startups; Research and Development; Performance Efficiency; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Hammoudeh, Mosab, Joshua Lev Krieger, and Jiajie Xu. "Dusting Off the Old Ones: Drug Licensing to Startups, Innovation Success and Efficiency." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-067, March 2024.
      • April 2024
      • Teaching Plan

      Seeds of Innovation: GALY's Quest to Cultivate the Future of Agriculture in the Lab

      By: George Serafeim, Michael Norris and ZeSean Ali
      This Teaching Plan for the case “Seeds of Innovation: GALY’s Quest to Cultivate the Future of Agriculture in the Lab,” HBS No. 124-017, and its related products, serves to help faculty deepen students’ comprehension of business issues and energize classroom discussion.... View Details
      Keywords: Plant-Based Agribusiness; Business Model; Growth and Development Strategy; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
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      Serafeim, George, Michael Norris, and ZeSean Ali. "Seeds of Innovation: GALY's Quest to Cultivate the Future of Agriculture in the Lab." Harvard Business School Teaching Plan 124-081, April 2024.
      • April 2024
      • Case

      Qualcomm, Inc. in 2024

      By: David B. Yoffie and Sarah von Bargen
      Qualcomm was facing a new era in 2024. After a judge’s adverse anti-trust decision almost destroyed Qualcomm’s business model, the company was victorious on appeal. The new CEO was optimistic about new growth opportunities in technologies such as 5G, AI, and augmented... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Lawsuits and Litigation; Growth and Development Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Valuation; Technology Industry; United States; China
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      Yoffie, David B., and Sarah von Bargen. "Qualcomm, Inc. in 2024." Harvard Business School Case 724-477, April 2024.
      • March 2024
      • Case

      Nomad: A License to Bank

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Pedro Levindo
      In late 2023, Lucas Vargas, CEO and co-founder of Nomad, a fintech that offered financial services in the United States for Brazilian residents, had to decide what to do to ensure the company’s continued expansion. Nomad launched its first product, a U.S. digital bank... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Startups; Customer Satisfaction; Decision Making; Entrepreneurship; Banks and Banking; Initial Public Offering; Global Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Organizational Culture; Going Public; Ownership Stake; Innovation and Invention; Strategic Planning; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Vertical Integration; Leadership; Law; Banking Industry; Technology Industry; Service Industry; Brazil; United States; North America; Latin America
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Pedro Levindo. "Nomad: A License to Bank." Harvard Business School Case 824-144, March 2024.
      • 2024
      • Book

      Deals: The Economic Structure of Business Transactions

      By: Guhan Subramanian and Michael Klausner
      Drawing on real-life cases from a wide range of industries, two acclaimed experts offer a sophisticated but accessible guide to business deals, designed to maximize value for your side.

      Business transactions take widely varying forms—from multibillion-dollar... View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation; Contracts
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      Subramanian, Guhan, and Michael Klausner. Deals: The Economic Structure of Business Transactions. Harvard University Press, 2024.
      • February 2024
      • Supplement

      Seeds of Innovation: GALY's Quest to Cultivate the Future of Agriculture in the Lab

      By: George Serafeim
      In 2023, Luciano Bueno, CEO and founder of plant cell culture agriculture company GALY, was considering the best path forward for his company as he planned to pitch Series B investors. GALY, founded in 2019, aimed to produce cotton and other crops from cells grown in... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Green Technology; Goods and Commodities; Growth and Development Strategy; Science-Based Business; Entrepreneurship; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Business Startups; Decisions; Technological Innovation; Production; Entrepreneurial Finance; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Technology Industry; Boston; Sao Paulo
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      Serafeim, George. "Seeds of Innovation: GALY's Quest to Cultivate the Future of Agriculture in the Lab." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 124-705, February 2024.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      The Wandering Scholars: Understanding the Heterogeneity of University Commercialization

      By: Josh Lerner, Henry Manley, Carolyn Stein and Heidi Williams
      University-based scientific research has long been argued to be a central source of commercial innovation and economic growth. Yet at the same time, there have been long-held concerns that many university-based discoveries never realize their potential social... View Details
      Keywords: Research; Higher Education; Business Startups; Innovation and Invention
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      Lerner, Josh, Henry Manley, Carolyn Stein, and Heidi Williams. "The Wandering Scholars: Understanding the Heterogeneity of University Commercialization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-043, January 2024.
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