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      • October 2023
      • Article

      Improving Regulatory Effectiveness Through Better Targeting: Evidence from OSHA

      By: Matthew S. Johnson, David I. Levine and Michael W. Toffel
      We study how a regulator can best target inspections. Our case study is a U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) program that randomly allocated some inspections. On average, each inspection averted 2.4 serious injuries (9%) over the next five years....  View Details
      Keywords: Safety Regulations; Regulations; Regulatory Enforcement; Machine Learning Models; Safety; Operations; Service Operations; Production; Forecasting and Prediction; Decisions; United States
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      Johnson, Matthew S., David I. Levine, and Michael W. Toffel. "Improving Regulatory Effectiveness Through Better Targeting: Evidence from OSHA." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 15, no. 4 (October 2023): 30–67.
      • October 2023
      • Article

      Laboratory Safety and Research Productivity

      By: Alberto Galasso, Hong Luo and Brooklynn Zhu
      Are laboratory safety practices a tax on scientific productivity? We examine this question by exploiting the substantial increase in safety regulations at the University of California following the shocking accidental death of a research assistant in 2008....  View Details
      Keywords: Economics Of Science; Risk Perception; Safety Regulations; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Working Conditions; Safety; Performance Productivity
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      Galasso, Alberto, Hong Luo, and Brooklynn Zhu. "Laboratory Safety and Research Productivity." Art. 104827. Research Policy 52, no. 8 (October 2023).
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality

      By: Fabrizio Dell'Acqua, Edward McFowland III, Ethan Mollick, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, Katherine C. Kellogg, Saran Rajendran, Lisa Krayer, François Candelon and Karim R. Lakhani
      The public release of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked tremendous interest in how humans will use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to accomplish a variety of tasks. In our study conducted with Boston Consulting Group, a global management consulting firm, we examine...  View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Model; AI and Machine Learning; Performance Efficiency; Performance Improvement
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      Dell'Acqua, Fabrizio, Edward McFowland III, Ethan Mollick, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, Katherine C. Kellogg, Saran Rajendran, Lisa Krayer, François Candelon, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-013, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Shad Process Flow Design Exercise: Kick-off Class

      By: Willy C. Shih
      The Shad Process Flow Design Exercise is a simulation designed to help students cement what they learn in the process fundamentals section of the RCTOM course by giving them the opportunity to translate classroom concepts into actual physical processes and experience...  View Details
      Keywords: Production; Operations; Manufacturing Industry; United States
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      Shih, Willy C. "Shad Process Flow Design Exercise: Kick-off Class." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 624-043, September 2023.
      • 2023
      • Article

      On the Impact of Actionable Explanations on Social Segregation

      By: Ruijiang Gao and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      As predictive models seep into several real-world applications, it has become critical to ensure that individuals who are negatively impacted by the outcomes of these models are provided with a means for recourse. To this end, there has been a growing body of research...  View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; AI and Machine Learning; Outcome or Result
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      Gao, Ruijiang, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "On the Impact of Actionable Explanations on Social Segregation." Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) 40th (2023): 10727–10743.
      • August 2023
      • Supplement

      Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (C)

      By: Henry McGee, Nien-hê Hsieh and Kerry Herman
      In September 2021, Apple decided to delay updates to iOS and iPadOS that included features to fight child sexual abuse. While many—including prominent privacy and security experts—praised Apple, others were opposed. They saw Apple introducing features that risked...  View Details
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      McGee, Henry, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Kerry Herman. "Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 324-033, August 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Mapping Organizational-Level Networks Using Individual-Level Connections: Evidence from Online Professional Networks

      By: Shelley Xin Li, Frank Nagle and Aner Zhou
      Organization-level networks facilitate the flow of information and business activities in the economy. Prior research relies solely on high-level connections to measure these networks. Therefore, to understand the role of employee connections at all job levels in...  View Details
      Keywords: Networks; Value; Social and Collaborative Networks; Innovation and Invention; Knowledge Sharing; Employees; Social Media
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      Li, Shelley Xin, Frank Nagle, and Aner Zhou. "Mapping Organizational-Level Networks Using Individual-Level Connections: Evidence from Online Professional Networks." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-010, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Kariyer.net: Recruiting AI

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Fares Khrais and Namrata Arora
      In 2017, Fatih Uysal (AMP 2021) became CEO of Kariyer.net. By then, the business was already the industry leading online job board in Turkey. However, faced with stalling growth, a turbulent macroenvironment, and growing competition from international players, Uysal...  View Details
      Keywords: Online Technology; Marketing; Websites; Artificial Intelligence; Innovation; Two-sided Platforms; Internet and the Web; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Job Search; Employment; Transformation; Volatility; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Management Practices and Processes; Business Growth and Maturation; Competitive Strategy; Business Startups; Talent and Talent Management; Cost vs Benefits; Macroeconomics; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Digital Platforms; Employment Industry; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Middle East; Turkey
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Fares Khrais, and Namrata Arora. "Kariyer.net: Recruiting AI." Harvard Business School Case 524-014, August 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      The Crowdless Future? How Generative AI Is Shaping the Future of Human Crowdsourcing

      By: Léonard Boussioux, Jacqueline N. Lane, Miaomiao Zhang, Vladimir Jacimovic and Karim R. Lakhani
      This study investigates the capability of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in creating innovative business solutions compared to human crowdsourcing methods. We initiated a crowdsourcing challenge focused on sustainable, circular economy business opportunities....  View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Model; Crowdsourcing; AI and Machine Learning; Innovation and Invention
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      Boussioux, Léonard, Jacqueline N. Lane, Miaomiao Zhang, Vladimir Jacimovic, and Karim R. Lakhani. "The Crowdless Future? How Generative AI Is Shaping the Future of Human Crowdsourcing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-005, July 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Channeled Attention and Stable Errors

      By: Tristan Gagnon-Bartsch, Matthew Rabin and Joshua Schwartzstein
      We develop a framework for assessing when somebody will eventually notice that she has a misspecified model of the world, premised on the idea that she neglects information that she deems—through the lens of her misconceptions—to be irrelevant. In doing so, we...  View Details
      Keywords: Attentional Stability; Cognition and Thinking; Attitudes; Information; Theory
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      Gagnon-Bartsch, Tristan, Matthew Rabin, and Joshua Schwartzstein. "Channeled Attention and Stable Errors." Working Paper, August 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Corporate Leaders Say They Are for Stakeholder Capitalism—But Which Version Exactly?: A Critical Look at Four Varieties

      By: Lynn S. Paine
      The past few years have seen an outpouring of articles and statements heralding the arrival of a new and more inclusive form of capitalism often called stakeholder capitalism. The new capitalism promises to strengthen companies, improve outcomes for their...  View Details
      Keywords: Stakeholder Capitalism; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Economic Systems; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Paine, Lynn S. "Corporate Leaders Say They Are for Stakeholder Capitalism—But Which Version Exactly? A Critical Look at Four Varieties." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-008, August 2023.
      • July–August 2023
      • Article

      Demand Learning and Pricing for Varying Assortments

      By: Kris Ferreira and Emily Mower
      Problem Definition: We consider the problem of demand learning and pricing for retailers who offer assortments of substitutable products that change frequently, e.g., due to limited inventory, perishable or time-sensitive products, or the retailer’s desire to...  View Details
      Keywords: Experiments; Pricing And Revenue Management; Retailing; Demand Estimation; Pricing Algorithm; Marketing; Price; Demand and Consumers; Mathematical Methods
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      Ferreira, Kris, and Emily Mower. "Demand Learning and Pricing for Varying Assortments." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 25, no. 4 (July–August 2023): 1227–1244. (Finalist, Practice-Based Research Competition, MSOM (2021) and Finalist, Revenue Management & Pricing Section Practice Award, INFORMS (2019).)
      • August 2023
      • Article

      Do Rating Agencies Behave Defensively for Higher Risk Issuers?

      By: Samuel B. Bonsall IV, Kevin Koharki, Pepa Kraft, Karl A. Muller III and Anywhere Sikochi
      We examine whether rating agencies act defensively toward issuers with a higher likelihood of default. We find that agencies' qualitative soft rating adjustments are more accurate as issuers' default risk grows, as evidenced by the adjustments leading to lower Type I...  View Details
      Keywords: Credit Rating Agencies; Soft Rating Adjustments; Default; Credit; Performance Evaluation; Measurement and Metrics; Financial Institutions; Risk Management
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      Bonsall, Samuel B., IV, Kevin Koharki, Pepa Kraft, Karl A. Muller III, and Anywhere Sikochi. "Do Rating Agencies Behave Defensively for Higher Risk Issuers?" Management Science 69, no. 8 (August 2023): 4864–4887.
      • July–August 2023
      • Article

      Investing in Growth Through Uncertainty

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      When faced with disruptions and downturns, many leaders and companies instinctively focus on cutting costs to maintain profitability. But some identify opportunities and then take thoughtful action to emerge from crisis even stronger. That means not only planning for...  View Details
      Keywords: Crisis Management; Strategic Planning
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      Gulati, Ranjay. "Investing in Growth Through Uncertainty." Harvard Business Review 101, no. 4 (July–August 2023): 36–42.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Residential Battery Storage - Reshaping The Way We Do Electricity

      By: Christian Kaps and Serguei Netessine
      In this paper, we aim to understand when private households invest in rooftop solar installations and battery storage, and how these investment decisions affect their electricity usage patterns as well as the market structure overall. We answer three main research...  View Details
      Keywords: Solar Power; Energy Storage; Technology And Innovation Management; Energy; Energy Policy; Renewable Energy; Technological Innovation; Innovation and Management; Energy Industry
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      Kaps, Christian, and Serguei Netessine. "Residential Battery Storage - Reshaping The Way We Do Electricity." Working Paper, August 2023.
      • 2023
      • Article

      Towards Bridging the Gaps between the Right to Explanation and the Right to Be Forgotten

      By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Satyapriya Krishna and Jiaqi Ma
      The Right to Explanation and the Right to be Forgotten are two important principles outlined to regulate algorithmic decision making and data usage in real-world applications. While the right to explanation allows individuals to request an actionable explanation for an...  View Details
      Keywords: Analytics and Data Science; AI and Machine Learning; Decision Making; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Satyapriya Krishna, and Jiaqi Ma. "Towards Bridging the Gaps between the Right to Explanation and the Right to Be Forgotten." Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) 40th (2023): 17808–17826.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Beyond the Hype: Unveiling the Marginal Benefits of 3D Virtual Tours in Real Estate

      By: Mengxia Zhang and Isamar Troncoso
      3D virtual tours (VTs) have become a popular digital tool in real estate platforms, enabling potential buyers to virtually walk through the houses they search for online. In this paper, we study home sellers’ adoption of VTs and the VTs’ relative benefits compared to...  View Details
      Keywords: Marketing; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Real Estate Industry
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      Zhang, Mengxia, and Isamar Troncoso. "Beyond the Hype: Unveiling the Marginal Benefits of 3D Virtual Tours in Real Estate." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-003, July 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Learning to Use: Stack Overflow and Technology Adoption

      By: Daniel Jay Brown and Maria P. Roche
      In this paper, we examine the potential impact of Q&A websites on the adoption of technologies. Using data from Stack Overflow – one of the most popular Q&A websites worldwide – and implementing an instrumental-variable approach, we find that users whose questions...  View Details
      Keywords: Technology Adoption; Knowledge Sharing
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      Brown, Daniel Jay, and Maria P. Roche. "Learning to Use: Stack Overflow and Technology Adoption." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-001, July 2023.
      • July 2023 (Revised July 2023)
      • Background Note

      Generative AI Value Chain

      By: Andy Wu and Matt Higgins
      Generative AI refers to a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that can create new content (e.g., text, image, or audio) in response to a prompt from a user. ChatGPT, Bard, and Claude are examples of text generating AIs, and DALL-E, Midjourney, and Stable Diffusion are...  View Details
      Keywords: AI; Artificial Intelligence; Model; Hardware; Data Centers
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      Wu, Andy, and Matt Higgins. "Generative AI Value Chain." Harvard Business School Background Note 724-355, July 2023. (Revised July 2023.)
      • July 13, 2023
      • Article

      Threads Foreshadows a Big—and Surprising—Shift in Social Media

      By: Scott Duke Kominers and Liang Wu
      Threads, Meta’s Twitter competitor, has become the fastest downloaded app in history. One of the reasons for this is because it allows users to port over their profiles and follows from the already popular social media platform Instagram, also owned by Meta—a feature...  View Details
      Keywords: Decentralization; Twitter; Facebook; Instagram; Crypto Economy; Blockchain; Network; Industrial Organization; Competition; Open Innovation; Open Platforms; Open Source Innovation; Social Networks; Social Media; Applications and Software; Information Technology Industry
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      Kominers, Scott Duke, and Liang Wu. "Threads Foreshadows a Big—and Surprising—Shift in Social Media." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (July 13, 2023).
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