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    • All HBS Web  (329)
      • Faculty Publications  (52)

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      • December 2022
      • Case

      Mission Produce in 2022

      By: Forest Reinhardt, Jose B. Alvarez and Natalie Kindred
      Founded by CEO Steve Barnard in 1983, California-based Mission Produce was a leading supplier of Hass avocados with a global sourcing, marketing, and distribution network and $892 million in 2021 sales. Barnard had been influential in the global avocado trade’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; California; Peru; Guatemala; Colombia; Mexico; Chile
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      Reinhardt, Forest, Jose B. Alvarez, and Natalie Kindred. "Mission Produce in 2022." Harvard Business School Case 723-026, December 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Demand-and-Supply Imbalance Risk and Long-Term Swap Spreads

      By: Samuel G. Hanson, Aytek Malkhozov and Gyuri Venter
      We develop and test a model in which swap spreads are determined by end users' demand for and constrained intermediaries' supply of long-term interest rate swaps. Swap spreads reflect compensation both for using scarce intermediary capital and for bearing convergence...  View Details
      Keywords: Swap Spreads; Risk and Uncertainty; Interest Rates; Financial Crisis; Financial Markets
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      Hanson, Samuel G., Aytek Malkhozov, and Gyuri Venter. "Demand-and-Supply Imbalance Risk and Long-Term Swap Spreads." Working Paper, December 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Product2Vec: Leveraging Representation Learning to Model Consumer Product Choice in Large Assortments

      By: Fanglin Chen, Xiao Liu, Davide Proserpio and Isamar Troncoso
      We propose a method, Product2Vec, based on representation learning, that can automatically learn latent product attributes that drive consumer choices, to study product-level competition when the number of products is large. We demonstrate Product2Vec’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Choice; Consumer Behavior; Competition; Product Marketing
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      Chen, Fanglin, Xiao Liu, Davide Proserpio, and Isamar Troncoso. "Product2Vec: Leveraging Representation Learning to Model Consumer Product Choice in Large Assortments." NYU Stern School of Business Research Paper Series, July 2022.
      • July 2022
      • Article

      What Do I Make of the Rest of My Life? Global and Quotidian Life Construal across the Retirement Transition

      By: Jeff Steiner and Teresa M. Amabile
      Retirement means relinquishing the daily structure that work provides and the career-dependent meanings that it offers life narratives. The retirement transition can therefore involve contemplating both how to spend newly-freed daily time and the implications of...  View Details
      Keywords: Retirement Transition; Life Narrative; Construal Level Theory; Global Construal; Quotidian Construal; Meanings Of Work And Retirement; Retirement; Transition; Perspective
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      Steiner, Jeff, and Teresa M. Amabile. "What Do I Make of the Rest of My Life? Global and Quotidian Life Construal across the Retirement Transition." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 171 (July 2022).
      • 2022
      • Article

      How to Choose a Default

      By: John Beshears, Richard T. Mason and Shlomo Benartzi
      We have developed a model for setting a default when a population is choosing among ordered choices—that is, ones listed in ascending or descending order. A company, for instance, might want to set a default contribution rate that will increase employees’ average...  View Details
      Keywords: Nudge; Choice Architecture; Behavioral Economics; Behavioral Science; Default; Savings; Decision Choices and Conditions; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives
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      Beshears, John, Richard T. Mason, and Shlomo Benartzi. "How to Choose a Default." Behavioral Science & Policy 8, no. 1 (2022): 1–15.
      • March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
      • Module Note

      Linear Regression

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov, Michael Parzen and Paul Hamilton
      This note provides an overview of linear regression for an introductory data science course. It begins with a discussion of correlation, and explains why correlation does not necessarily imply causation. The note then describes the method of least squares, and how to...  View Details
      Keywords: Data Science; Linear Regression; Mathematical Modeling; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Michael Parzen, and Paul Hamilton. "Linear Regression." Harvard Business School Module Note 622-100, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
      • March 2022 (Revised May 2022)
      • Case

      Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (A)

      By: Ethan Bernstein and Cara Mazzucco
      In an effort to make compensation drive collaboration, Russell Reynolds Associates’ (RRA) CEO Clarke Murphy sought to re-engineer the bonus system for his executive search consultants in 2016. As his HR analytics guru, Kelly Smith, points out, that risks upsetting–and...  View Details
      Keywords: Compensation; Collaboration; Executive Search Firms; Consulting Firms; Compensation and Benefits; Restructuring; Human Resources; Human Capital; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Social and Collaborative Networks; Recruitment; Selection and Staffing; Talent and Talent Management; Consulting Industry; Employment Industry; Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; North and Central America; South America; Oceania
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      Bernstein, Ethan, and Cara Mazzucco. "Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (A)." Harvard Business School Case 422-045, March 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
      • March 2022
      • Supplement

      Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (B)

      By: Ethan Bernstein and Cara Mazzucco
      In an effort to make compensation drive collaboration, Russell Reynolds Associates’ (RRA) CEO Clarke Murphy sought to re-engineer the bonus system for his executive search consultants in 2016. As his HR analytics guru, Kelly Smith, points out, that risks upsetting–and...  View Details
      Keywords: Compensation; Collaboration; Executive Search Firms; Consulting Firms; Compensation and Benefits; Restructuring; Human Resources; Human Capital; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Social and Collaborative Networks; Recruitment; Selection and Staffing; Talent and Talent Management; Consulting Industry; Employment Industry; Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; North and Central America; South America; Oceania
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      Bernstein, Ethan, and Cara Mazzucco. "Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 422-046, March 2022.
      • October 2021
      • Article

      Overcoming the Cold Start Problem of CRM Using a Probabilistic Machine Learning Approach

      By: Nicolas Padilla and Eva Ascarza
      The success of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) programs ultimately depends on the firm's ability to understand consumers' preferences and precisely capture how these preferences may differ across customers. Only by understanding customer heterogeneity, firms can...  View Details
      Keywords: Customer Management; Targeting; Deep Exponential Families; Probabilistic Machine Learning; Cold Start Problem; Customer Relationship Management; Programs; Consumer Behavior; Analysis
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      Padilla, Nicolas, and Eva Ascarza. "Overcoming the Cold Start Problem of CRM Using a Probabilistic Machine Learning Approach." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 58, no. 5 (October 2021): 981–1006.
      • August 2021
      • Article

      Multiple Imputation Using Gaussian Copulas

      By: F.M. Hollenbach, I. Bojinov, S. Minhas, N.W. Metternich, M.D. Ward and A. Volfovsky
      Missing observations are pervasive throughout empirical research, especially in the social sciences. Despite multiple approaches to dealing adequately with missing data, many scholars still fail to address this vital issue. In this paper, we present a simple-to-use...  View Details
      Keywords: Missing Data; Bayesian Statistics; Imputation; Categorical Data; Estimation
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      Hollenbach, F.M., I. Bojinov, S. Minhas, N.W. Metternich, M.D. Ward, and A. Volfovsky. "Multiple Imputation Using Gaussian Copulas." Special Issue on New Quantitative Approaches to Studying Social Inequality. Sociological Methods & Research 50, no. 3 (August 2021): 1259–1283. (0049124118799381.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Is Accounting Useful for Forecasting GDP Growth? A Machine Learning Perspective

      By: Srikant Datar, Apurv Jain, Charles C.Y. Wang and Siyu Zhang
      We provide a comprehensive examination of whether, to what extent, and which accounting variables are useful for improving the predictive accuracy of GDP growth forecasts. We leverage statistical models that accommodate a broad set of (341) variables—outnumbering the...  View Details
      Keywords: Big Data; Elastic Net; GDP Growth; Machine Learning; Macro Forecasting; Short Fat Data; Accounting; Economic Growth; Forecasting and Prediction; Analytics and Data Science
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      Datar, Srikant, Apurv Jain, Charles C.Y. Wang, and Siyu Zhang. "Is Accounting Useful for Forecasting GDP Growth? A Machine Learning Perspective." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-113, December 2020.
      • April 2021
      • Article

      A Model of Multi-Pass Search: Price Search Across Stores and Time

      By: Navid Mojir and K. Sudhir
      In retail settings with price promotions, consumers often search across stores and time. However, the search literature typically only models one pass search across stores, ignoring revisits to stores; the choice literature using scanner data has modeled search across...  View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Search; Multi-pass Search; Price Search; Store Search; Spatial Search; Temporal Search; Spatiotemporal Search; Dynamic Structural Models; MPEC; Price Promotions; Store Loyalty; Consumer Behavior; Price; Spending; Marketing; Mathematical Methods
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      Mojir, Navid, and K. Sudhir. "A Model of Multi-Pass Search: Price Search Across Stores and Time." Management Science 67, no. 4 (April 2021): 2126–2150.
      • March 2021
      • Article

      Bayesian Signatures of Confidence and Central Tendency in Perceptual Judgment

      By: Yang Xiang, Thomas Graeber, Benjamin Enke and Samuel Gershman
      This paper theoretically and empirically investigates the role of Bayesian noisy cognition in perceptual judgment, focusing on the central tendency effect: the well-known empirical regularity that perceptual judgments are biased towards the center of the...  View Details
      Keywords: Visual Perception; Bayesian Modeling; Perception; Judgments
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      Xiang, Yang, Thomas Graeber, Benjamin Enke, and Samuel Gershman. "Bayesian Signatures of Confidence and Central Tendency in Perceptual Judgment." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics (March 2021): 1–11.
      • February 2021
      • Case

      Digital Manufacturing at Amgen

      By: Shane Greenstein, Kyle R. Myers and Sarah Mehta
      This case discusses efforts made by biotechnology (biotech) company Amgen to introduce digital technologies into its manufacturing processes. Doing so is complicated by the fact that the process for manufacturing biologics—or therapeutics made from living cells—is...  View Details
      Keywords: Digital Technologies; Change; Change Management; Decision Making; Cost vs Benefits; Decisions; Information; Analytics and Data Science; Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Jobs and Positions; Knowledge; Leadership; Organizational Culture; Science; Strategy; Information Technology; Technology Adoption; Biotechnology Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; California; Puerto Rico; Rhode Island
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      Greenstein, Shane, Kyle R. Myers, and Sarah Mehta. "Digital Manufacturing at Amgen." Harvard Business School Case 621-008, February 2021.
      • January 2021
      • Article

      Machine Learning for Pattern Discovery in Management Research

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Ryan Allen and Michael G. Endres
      Supervised machine learning (ML) methods are a powerful toolkit for discovering robust patterns in quantitative data. The patterns identified by ML could be used for exploratory inductive or abductive research, or for post-hoc analysis of regression results to detect...  View Details
      Keywords: Machine Learning; Supervised Machine Learning; Induction; Abduction; Exploratory Data Analysis; Pattern Discovery; Decision Trees; Random Forests; Neural Networks; ROC Curve; Confusion Matrix; Partial Dependence Plots; AI and Machine Learning
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Ryan Allen, and Michael G. Endres. "Machine Learning for Pattern Discovery in Management Research." Strategic Management Journal 42, no. 1 (January 2021): 30–57.
      • November 2020
      • Article

      Disrupting the Disruptors or Enhancing Them? How Blockchain Re‐Shapes Two‐Sided Platforms

      By: Daniel Trabucchi, Antonella Moretto, Tommaso Buganza and Alan MacCormack
      The importance of platform‐based businesses in the modern economy is growing continuously and becoming increasingly relevant. Specifically, the deployment of digital technologies has enhanced the applicability of two‐sided business models, enabling companies to act not...  View Details
      Keywords: Blockchain; Two-Sided Platforms; Business Model; Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation
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      Trabucchi, Daniel, Antonella Moretto, Tommaso Buganza, and Alan MacCormack. "Disrupting the Disruptors or Enhancing Them? How Blockchain Re‐Shapes Two‐Sided Platforms." Journal of Product Innovation Management 37, no. 6 (November 2020): 552–574.
      • June 2020 (Revised May 2022)
      • Case

      Vanguard Retail Operations (A)

      By: Willy C. Shih and Antonio Moreno
      The first two cases in this series are set in the financial services industry, and explore whether it is better for back-office workers to be generalists who provide the flexibility of being able to handle the complete range of transactions that the company faces or...  View Details
      Keywords: Pooling; Generalist Model; Specialist Model; Operations; Service Operations; Management; Job Design and Levels; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Shih, Willy C., and Antonio Moreno. "Vanguard Retail Operations (A)." Harvard Business School Case 620-104, June 2020. (Revised May 2022.)
      • June 2020 (Revised August 2020)
      • Supplement

      Vanguard Retail Operations (B)

      By: Willy C. Shih and Antonio Moreno
      The first two cases in this series are set in the financial services industry, and explore whether it is better for back-office workers to be generalists who provide the flexibility of being able to handle the complete range of transactions that the company faces or...  View Details
      Keywords: Pooling; Generalist Model; Specialist Model; Service Operations; Management; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Shih, Willy C., and Antonio Moreno. "Vanguard Retail Operations (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 620-105, June 2020. (Revised August 2020.)
      • 26 Apr 2020
      • Other Presentation

      Towards Modeling the Variability of Human Attention

      By: Kuno Kim, Megumi Sano, Julian De Freitas, Daniel Yamins and Nick Haber
      Children exhibit extraordinary exploratory behaviors hypothesized to contribute to the building of models of their world. Harnessing this capacity in artificial systems promises not only more flexible technology but also cognitive models of the developmental processes...  View Details
      Keywords: Exploratory Learning Behaviors; Modeling; Artificial Intelligence; AI and Machine Learning
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      Kim, Kuno, Megumi Sano, Julian De Freitas, Daniel Yamins, and Nick Haber. "Towards Modeling the Variability of Human Attention." In Bridging AI and Cognitive Science (BAICS) Workshop. 8th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), April 26, 2020.
      • 2020
      • Conference Presentation

      Towards Modeling the Developmental Variability of Human Attention

      By: K-H Kim, M. Sano, J. De Freitas, N. Haber and D. L. K. Yamins
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      Kim, K-H, M. Sano, J. De Freitas, N. Haber, and D. L. K. Yamins. "Towards Modeling the Developmental Variability of Human Attention." Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020.
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