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All HBS Web
(1,337)
- Faculty Publications (205)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Turning Away From the State: Trade Shocks and Informal Insurance in Brazil
By: Paula Rettl
How does economic globalization affect vote choices? Conventional wisdom holds that voters who lose from economic integration support parties that propose to expand the welfare state. I argue that a key scope condition of this causal relationship is expectations about...
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Keywords:
Economic Globalization;
Globalized Economies;
Government Administration;
Economics;
Globalization;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Voting;
Brazil;
Latin America
Rettl, Paula. "Turning Away From the State: Trade Shocks and Informal Insurance in Brazil." Working Paper, August 2022.
- August 2022
- Case
Air Wars: Deregulating the U.S. Airline Industry
By: Tom Nicholas and James Weber
In the early decades of the twentieth century, the U.S. government assisted in the development of an airline industry by subsidizing the delivery of mail and allowing mail carriers to also fly passengers. Because the government awarded mail routes to the lowest...
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Keywords:
Government Regulation;
Deregulation;
Change Management;
Economics;
Entrepreneurship;
Financial Management;
Business History;
Human Resources;
Compensation and Benefits;
Labor;
Labor Unions;
Leading Change;
Leadership Style;
Crisis Management;
Industry Structures;
Operations;
Strategy;
Adaptation;
Competition;
Air Transportation;
Air Transportation Industry;
United States
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on the U.S. Economy
By: Joe Long, Carlo Medici, Nancy Qian and Marco Tabellini
This paper studies the impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act, which banned Chinese immigration to the United States after 1882, across U.S. counties between 1870 and 1940. We find that the Act reduced labor supply for both the Chinese and other groups (i.e., white and...
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Keywords:
Immigration;
Growth;
Productivity;
Business History;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Business and Government Relations;
Prejudice and Bias;
Government Legislation;
United States
Long, Joe, Carlo Medici, Nancy Qian, and Marco Tabellini. "The Impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on the U.S. Economy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-008, March 2022.
- July 1, 2022
- Editorial
New Transparency Rule Helps Rein in Health Care Costs
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Cynthia A. Fisher
Over the last year, consumer prices have grown 60% faster than wages. Employers can help their employees contend with this high inflation by addressing a long-running source: health care costs.
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Herzlinger, Regina E., and Cynthia A. Fisher. "New Transparency Rule Helps Rein in Health Care Costs." Boston Herald (July 1, 2022).
- June 2022 (Revised January 2023)
- Case
South Africa – a 'Just Energy Transition'
By: Richard Vietor
South Africa, like most other countries, is in the process of reducing its carbon emissions to comply with COP26 and, hopefully, reach net zero emissions by 2050. However, because South Africa relies almost wholly on coal (93%) for electricity, and on coal for...
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Keywords:
Energy;
Economic Development;
Climate Change;
Coal Mining;
Emission Reduction;
Environmental Regulation;
Environmental Sustainability;
Environmental Law;
Labor and Management Relations;
Labor Unions;
Natural Resources;
Energy Policy;
Energy Sources;
South Africa
Vietor, Richard. "South Africa – a 'Just Energy Transition'." Harvard Business School Case 722-069, June 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Can Evidence-Based Information Shift Preferences Towards Trade Policy?
By: Laura Alfaro, Maggie X. Chen and Davin Chor
We investigate the role of evidence-based information in shaping individuals' preferences for trade policies through a series of survey experiments that contain randomized information treatments. Each treatment provides a concise statement of economics research...
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Alfaro, Laura, Maggie X. Chen, and Davin Chor. "Can Evidence-Based Information Shift Preferences Towards Trade Policy?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-062, March 2022. (Revised May 2023. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31240, May 2023)
- March 2022
- Background Note
The Labor Market as COVID Recedes: A Great Resignation or a Great Realization?
By: Joseph B. Fuller, William R. Kerr and Ria Mazumdar
Keywords:
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Macroeconomics;
Economic Sectors;
Economy;
United States
Fuller, Joseph B., William R. Kerr, and Ria Mazumdar. "The Labor Market as COVID Recedes: A Great Resignation or a Great Realization?" Harvard Business School Background Note 822-113, March 2022.
- 2022
- Chapter
The Servicification of the U.S. Economy: The Role of Startups versus Incumbent Firms
By: Mercedes Delgado, J. Daniel Kim and Karen G. Mills
Over the last few decades, the U.S. economy has exhibited a significant shift from manufacturing towards services. This transition has been particularly prominent in an important subcategory of services industries that drives innovation and employs many high-wage...
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Keywords:
Servicification;
Supply Chain Industries;
STEM Labor;
Innovation;
Growth;
Entrepreneurship;
Innovation and Invention;
Economic Growth;
Policy;
Service Industry;
United States
Delgado, Mercedes, J. Daniel Kim, and Karen G. Mills. "The Servicification of the U.S. Economy: The Role of Startups versus Incumbent Firms." In The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, edited by Michael J. Andrews, Aaron Chatterji, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Measuring Time Use in Rural India: Design and Validation of a Low-Cost Survey Module
By: Erica Field, Rohini Pande, Natalia Rigol, Simone Schaner, Elena Stacy and Charity Troyer Moore
Time use data can help us understand individual labor supply choices, especially
for women who often provide unpaid care and home production. Although
enumerator-assisted diary-based time use data collection is suitable for
low-literacy populations, it is costly and...
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Keywords:
Time Use;
Household;
Rural Scope;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Time Management;
Analytics and Data Science;
Surveys
Field, Erica, Rohini Pande, Natalia Rigol, Simone Schaner, Elena Stacy, and Charity Troyer Moore. "Measuring Time Use in Rural India: Design and Validation of a Low-Cost Survey Module." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29671, January 2022. (Revised September 2022.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
The International Price of Remote Work
By: Agostina Brinatti, Alberto Cavallo, Javier Cravino and Andres Drenik
We study how the price of remote work is determined in a globalized labor market using data from a large web-based job platform, where workers from around the world compete for remote jobs. Despite the global nature of the platform, we find that remote wages are higher...
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Keywords:
Remote Work;
Exchange Rates;
Purchasing Power Parity;
Offshoring And Outsourcing;
Macroeconomics;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Wages;
Trade;
Globalization;
Marketplace Matching;
Currency Exchange Rate;
Service Industry;
Web Services Industry;
Technology Industry
Brinatti, Agostina, Alberto Cavallo, Javier Cravino, and Andres Drenik. "The International Price of Remote Work." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29437, October 2021. (Revised November 2022.)
- October 2021 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
The 2012 Spanish Labor Reform: Lifting All Boats, or Leveling Down?
By: Vincent Pons, Rafael Di Tella, Santiago Botella and Elena Corsi
Since 1978, Spain had struggled to control unemployment. The country’s labor law was protective of employees hired long-term and companies used temporary contracts as buffers. In 2012, amid economic recession and a 23.6% unemployment rate, a center-right government of...
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Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Labor Market;
Unemployment;
Recession;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Government Legislation;
International Relations;
Working Conditions;
Employment;
Labor Unions;
Contracts;
Social Issues;
Public Opinion;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Spain;
European Union
Pons, Vincent, Rafael Di Tella, Santiago Botella, and Elena Corsi. "The 2012 Spanish Labor Reform: Lifting All Boats, or Leveling Down?" Harvard Business School Case 722-008, October 2021. (Revised November 2022.)
- 2021
- Chapter
The Economic and Political Effects of Immigration: Evidence from the Age of Mass Migration
By: Marco Tabellini
Between 1850 and 1920, during the Age of Mass Migration, more than 30 million Europeans moved to the United States. European immigrants provided ample supply of cheap labor as well as specific skills and know-how, contributing to American economic growth. These...
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Keywords:
Age Of Mass Migration;
Political Ideology;
Political Economy;
Assimilation;
Immigration;
Economics;
History;
United States
Tabellini, Marco. "The Economic and Political Effects of Immigration: Evidence from the Age of Mass Migration." In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Economics and Finance, edited by Jonathan H. Hamilton. Oxford University Press, 2021. Electronic.
- July–August 2021
- Article
Lowering the Bar? External Conditions, Opportunity Costs, and High-Tech Startup Outcomes
By: Annamaria Conti and Maria P. Roche
We assess the heterogeneous impact of economic downturns on individuals’ decisions to bring high-technology ideas to the market in the form of new ventures. We thereby examine how worsening labor market conditions influence individuals’ opportunity costs of starting...
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Keywords:
Necessity Entrepreneurship;
Economic Conditions;
Recessions;
High-tech Startups;
Opportunity Costs;
Entrepreneurship;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Business Startups;
Information Technology;
Performance;
Labor
Conti, Annamaria, and Maria P. Roche. "Lowering the Bar? External Conditions, Opportunity Costs, and High-Tech Startup Outcomes." Organization Science 32, no. 4 (July–August 2021): 965–986.
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Diffusion of New Technologies
By: Aakash Kalyani, Nicholas Bloom, Marcela Carvalho, Tarek Hassan, Josh Lerner and Ahmed Tahoun
We identify phrases associated with novel technologies using textual analysis of patents, job postings, and earnings calls, enabling us to identify four stylized facts on the diffusion of jobs relating to new technologies. First, the development of new technologies is...
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Keywords:
Technology;
Geography;
Innovation;
R&D;
Information Technology;
Disruptive Innovation;
Geographic Location;
Employment;
Innovation and Invention;
Research and Development
Kalyani, Aakash, Nicholas Bloom, Marcela Carvalho, Tarek Hassan, Josh Lerner, and Ahmed Tahoun. "The Diffusion of New Technologies." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-144, June 2021. (Revised October 2023.)
- May 2021
- Case
Colombia: An Economic Premium to Peace?
Colombia, once the fastest growing country in Latin America, continues to struggle with productivity. Both labor productivity and total factor productivity have been low for the past decade, despite economic growth of 4.7% annually. Many factors contribute, which...
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Keywords:
Productivity;
Productivity Growth;
Conflict;
Labor Force Participation;
Labor Market;
Competitiveness;
Dutch Disease;
Security;
Peace;
Informality;
Labor Laws;
Total Factor Productivity;
Labor Productivity;
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Economics;
Development Economics;
Economic Growth;
Economy;
Macroeconomics;
Conflict Management;
Competitive Advantage;
Infrastructure;
Negotiation;
Inflation and Deflation;
Non-Renewable Energy;
National Security;
Government Administration;
Latin America;
Central America;
Colombia;
South America
Vietor, Richard H.K. "Colombia: An Economic Premium to Peace?" Harvard Business School Case 721-053, May 2021.
- 2021
- Book
Global Goliaths: Multinational Corporations in the 21st Century Economy
By: C. Fritz Foley, James R. Hines Jr. and David Wessel
Globalization and multinational corporations have long seemed partners in the enterprise of economic growth: globalization-led prosperity was the goal, and giant corporations spanning the globe would help achieve it. In recent years, however, the notion that all...
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Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Globalization;
Economy;
Economic Growth;
Equality and Inequality;
Employment;
Policy
Foley, C. Fritz, James R. Hines Jr., and David Wessel, eds. Global Goliaths: Multinational Corporations in the 21st Century Economy. Brookings Institution Press, 2021.
- Working Paper
Electrification to Grow Manufacturing? Evidence from Mini-Grids in Nepal
By: Robyn C. Meeks, Hope F. Thompson and Zhenxuan Wang
Firms in developing countries often identify electricity as a major constraint to operations. Decentralized renewable energy sources could help alleviate these constraints. We investigate whether electrification in Nepal -- via microhydro plants and their mini-grids --...
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Keywords:
Developing Countries and Economies;
Renewable Energy;
Infrastructure;
Economic Growth;
Employment;
Manufacturing Industry;
Utilities Industry
Meeks, Robyn C., Hope F. Thompson, and Zhenxuan Wang. "Electrification to Grow Manufacturing? Evidence from Mini-Grids in Nepal." Duke Global Working Paper Series, No. 36, March 2021.
- March 2021
- Article
On the Direct and Indirect Real Effects of Credit Supply Shocks
By: Laura Alfaro, Manuel García-Santana and Enrique Moral-Benito
We explore the real effects of bank-lending shocks and how they permeate the economy through buyer-supplier linkages. We combine administrative data on all Spanish firms with a matched bank-firm-loan dataset of all corporate loans from 2003 to 2013 to estimate...
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Keywords:
Credit Supply Shocks;
Bank Lending Channel;
Input-output Linkages;
Output;
Mechanisms;
Trade Credits;
Price Effects;
Economics;
Credit;
System Shocks;
Employment;
Investment;
Spain
Alfaro, Laura, Manuel García-Santana, and Enrique Moral-Benito. "On the Direct and Indirect Real Effects of Credit Supply Shocks." Journal of Financial Economics 139, no. 3 (March 2021): 895–921.
- January 2021
- Article
State and Local Government Employment in the COVID-19 Crisis
By: Daniel Green and Erik Loualiche
Local governments are facing large losses in revenues and increased expenditures because of the COVID-19 crisis. We document a causal relationship between fiscal pressures induced by COVID-19 and the layoffs of state and local government workers. States that depend...
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Keywords:
Local Government;
Municipal Finance;
Public Finance;
Fiscal Capacity;
Fiscal Policy;
Governance;
Local Range;
Health Pandemics;
Employment;
Finance;
Policy;
Public Sector
Green, Daniel, and Erik Loualiche. "State and Local Government Employment in the COVID-19 Crisis." Art. 104321. Journal of Public Economics 193 (January 2021).
- 2020
- White Paper
Building the On-Demand Workforce
By: Joseph B. Fuller, Manjari Raman, James Palano, Allison Bailey, Nithya Vaduganathan, Elizabeth Kaufman, Renée Laverdière and Sibley Lovett
The right talent, in the right place, at the
right time, is the equation for success in
today’s world. In an era of technological
change, demographic shifts, and economic
uncertainty, companies can enhance their
ability to compete by building a flexible...
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Keywords:
Future Of Work;
On-demand Economy;
Workforce;
On-demand Workforce;
Competitive Advantage;
Human Capital;
Talent and Talent Management;
Recruitment
Fuller, Joseph B., Manjari Raman, James Palano, Allison Bailey, Nithya Vaduganathan, Elizabeth Kaufman, Renée Laverdière, and Sibley Lovett. "Building the On-Demand Workforce." White Paper, Harvard Business School, November 2020 (Jointly published with Boston Consulting Group (BCG).)