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- June 2022
- Article
Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
The evaluation and selection of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet there are persistent concerns about bias, such as conservatism. This paper investigates the role that the format of evaluation, specifically information...
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Keywords:
Project Evaluation;
Innovation;
Knowledge Frontier;
Information Sharing;
Negativity Bias;
Projects;
Innovation and Invention;
Information;
Knowledge Sharing
Lane, Jacqueline N., Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation." Management Science 68, no. 6 (June 2022): 4478–4495.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Incidence of the Corporate Income Tax Is Irrelevant for Its (Benefit-Based) Justification
Robust support for corporate income taxation is a puzzle for standard tax theory because the tax’s incidence is uncertain and unreliable. We propose a resolution: if the corporate tax is seen as a benefit-based tax, its normative appeal depends on the correspondence...
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Weinzierl, Matthew C. "The Incidence of the Corporate Income Tax Is Irrelevant for Its (Benefit-Based) Justification." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29547, December 2021.
- 2020
- Working Paper
When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations for Novel Projects
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
The evaluation of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet literature suggests that this process is subject to inconsistency and potential biases. This paper investigates the role of information sharing among experts as the...
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Keywords:
Project Evaluation;
Innovation;
Knowledge Frontier;
Negativity Bias;
Projects;
Innovation and Invention;
Information;
Diversity;
Judgments
Lane, Jacqueline N., Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan, and Karim R. Lakhani. "When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations for Novel Projects." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-007, July 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
- October 2017
- Article
'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions
By: Silvia Bellezza, Joshua M. Ackerman and Francesca Gino
Consumers are often faced with the opportunity to purchase a new, enhanced product, such as a new phone, even though the product they currently own is still fully functional. We propose that consumers act more recklessly with their current products when in the presence...
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Keywords:
Carelessness;
Product Upgrade;
Ownership;
Justification;
Consumer Behavior;
Attitudes;
Property
Bellezza, Silvia, Joshua M. Ackerman, and Francesca Gino. "'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 54, no. 5 (October 2017): 768–784.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Motivated Errors
By: Christine L Exley and Judd B. Kessler
In three sets of experiments involving 5,432 subjects, we show that agents make more errors when doing so allows them to justify selfish behavior. We show that errors relating to addition arise when they can help to justify selfishness but are eliminated when selfish...
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Exley, Christine L., and Judd B. Kessler. "Motivated Errors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-017, August 2019. (Revised March 2022.)
- 2016
- Chapter
How Moral Flexibility Constrains Our Moral Compass
By: F. Gino
Cheating, fraud, deception, uncooperative actions, and many other forms of unethical behavior are among the greatest personal and societal challenges of our time. While the media commonly focuses on the most sensational scams (e.g., Enron, Bernard Madoff), less...
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Gino, F. "How Moral Flexibility Constrains Our Moral Compass." In Cheating, Corruption, and Concealment: The Roots of Dishonesty, edited by Jan-Willem van Prooijen and Paul A.M. van Lange. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
- 2015
- Working Paper
'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions
By: Silvia Bellezza, Joshua M. Ackerman and Francesca Gino
Consumers are often faced with the opportunity to purchase a new, enhanced product (e.g., a new phone), even though the device they currently own is still fully functional. We propose that consumers act more recklessly with their current products and are less concerned...
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Keywords:
Carelessness;
Product Upgrade;
Justification;
Loss;
Consumer Behavior;
Attitudes;
Product;
Ownership
Bellezza, Silvia, Joshua M. Ackerman, and Francesca Gino. "'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-077, April 2015.
- April 2015
- Article
Self-serving Justifications: Doing Wrong and Feeling Moral
By: Shaul Shalvi, F. Gino, Rachel Barkan and Shahar Ayal
Unethical behavior by "ordinary" people poses significant societal and personal challenges. We present a novel framework centered on the role of self-serving justification to build upon and advance the rapidly expanding research on intentional unethical behavior of...
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Shalvi, Shaul, F. Gino, Rachel Barkan, and Shahar Ayal. "Self-serving Justifications: Doing Wrong and Feeling Moral." Current Directions in Psychological Science 24, no. 2 (April 2015): 125–130.
- 2014
- Discussion Paper
Do High Feed-in Tariffs for Solar PV Panels Hinder Competition (Japanese)
By: Koji Nomura and Tomomichi Amano
In Japan, feed-in-tariffs (FIT) are a key policy tool that has been deployed to produce the mass diffusion of photovoltaices (PV). In this study, we argue that this policy is unlikely to induce sustainable economic growth, which some use as a justification for FIT. We...
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Nomura, Koji, and Tomomichi Amano. "Do High Feed-in Tariffs for Solar PV Panels Hinder Competition (Japanese)." Development Bank of Japan, Research Center on Global Warming Discussion Paper Series, no. 49, April 2014.
- 2013
- Article
Ethically Adrift: How Others Pull Our Moral Compass from True North, and How we Can Fix It
By: C. Moore and F. Gino
This chapter is about the social nature of morality. Using the metaphor of the moral compass to describe individuals' inner sense of right and wrong, we offer a framework to help us understand social reasons why our moral compass can come under others' control, leading...
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Moore, C., and F. Gino. "Ethically Adrift: How Others Pull Our Moral Compass from True North, and How we Can Fix It." Research in Organizational Behavior 33 (2013): 53–77.
- Article
On Derivatives Markets and Social Welfare: A Theory of Empty Voting and Hidden Ownership
By: Jordan M. Barry, John William Hatfield and Scott Duke Kominers
In the past twenty-five years, derivatives markets have grown exponentially. Large, modern derivatives markets increasingly enable investors to hold economic interests in corporations without owning voting rights, and vice versa. This leads to both empty...
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Barry, Jordan M., John William Hatfield, and Scott Duke Kominers. "On Derivatives Markets and Social Welfare: A Theory of Empty Voting and Hidden Ownership." Virginia Law Review 99, no. 6 (October 2013): 1103–1168.
- January 2013
- Article
Preference Heterogeneity and Optimal Capital Income Taxation
By: Mikhail Golosov, Maxim Troshkin, Aleh Tsyvinski and Matthew Weinzierl
We examine a prominent justification for capital income taxation: goods preferred by those with high ability ought to be taxed. In an environment where commodity taxes are allowed to be nonlinear functions of income and consumption, we derive an analytical expression...
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Keywords:
Taxation
Golosov, Mikhail, Maxim Troshkin, Aleh Tsyvinski, and Matthew Weinzierl. "Preference Heterogeneity and Optimal Capital Income Taxation." Journal of Public Economics 97 (January 2013): 160–175. (Also NBER Working Paper Series, No. 16619, December 2010.)
- 2012
- Article
Organizing for Society: A Typology of Social Entrepreneuring Models
By: Johanna Mair, Julie Battilana and Julian Cardenas
In this article, we use content and cluster analysis on a global sample of 200 social entrepreneurial organizations to develop a typology of social entrepreneuring models. This typology is based on four possible forms of capital that can be leveraged: social, economic,...
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Mair, Johanna, Julie Battilana, and Julian Cardenas. "Organizing for Society: A Typology of Social Entrepreneuring Models." Special Issue on Social Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Journal of Business Ethics 111, no. 3 (December 2012): 353–373.
- January 2009 (Revised October 2011)
- Case
Barack Obama and the Bush Tax Cuts (A)
By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and Eric D. Werker
As his inauguration approached, President-elect Obama faced a financial sector meltdown, a costly bailout, and massive government deficits. With the economy in recession, interest rates near zero, and joblessness on the rise, Obama needed to decide whether, and how...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Financial Crisis;
Borrowing and Debt;
Financial Management;
Policy;
Government Administration;
Taxation;
United States
Weinzierl, Matthew C., and Eric D. Werker. "Barack Obama and the Bush Tax Cuts (A)." Harvard Business School Case 709-037, January 2009. (Revised October 2011.)
- August 2007
- Column
Pitch Your Offer—and Close the Deal
By: Deepak Malhotra and Max H. Bazerman
The article offers several strategies on how to be a good negotiator and decision maker for business developments. The strategies that are presented were an extract from the book Negotiation Genius: How to Overcome Obstacles and Achieve Brilliant Results at the...
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Malhotra, Deepak, and Max H. Bazerman. "Pitch Your Offer—and Close the Deal." Negotiation 10, no. 8 (August 2007).
- April 2007
- Compilation
AOL/Time Warner: To Merge or Demerge?
By: David J. Collis and Troy Smith
This is a compilation of four analyst reports about the AOL/Time Warner merger of 2001. The first half cites three reports released in 2000, around the time the merger was announced, which give the logic and justifications for the merger. The second half is taken from...
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- March 1995 (Revised April 1995)
- Background Note
Scope of the Corporation, The
By: David J. Collis
Describes analyses that determine the appropriate limit to the scope of the firm. Examines both the production cost justification for firm diversification--economies of scope and shared resources, and the governance cost justification for including transactions inside...
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Collis, David J. "Scope of the Corporation, The." Harvard Business School Background Note 795-139, March 1995. (Revised April 1995.)
- June 1993
- Article
The Effects of Relationships and Justification in an Interdependent Allocation Task
By: J. Polzer, M. Neale and P. Glenn
Keywords:
Relationships
Polzer, J., M. Neale, and P. Glenn. "The Effects of Relationships and Justification in an Interdependent Allocation Task." Group Decision and Negotiation 2, no. 2 (June 1993): 135–148.
- summer 1991
- Article
Trade Secrets and the Justification of Intellectual Property: A Comment on Hettinger
By: L. S. Paine
Keywords:
Intellectual Property
Paine, L. S. "Trade Secrets and the Justification of Intellectual Property: A Comment on Hettinger." Philosophy & Public Affairs 20, no. 3 (summer 1991): 247–263. (Reprinted in Business in Ethical Focus: An Anthology, edited by Fritz Allhoff and Anand J. Vaidya, 564-576. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 2008; Reprinted in Ethics in the Workplace: Selected Readings in Business Ethics, edited by Robert A. Larmer, 268-278. St. Paul, Minn.: West Publishing, 1996; Reprinted in Ethics in the Workplace, edited by Edward J. Ottensmeyer and Gerald McCarthy, 508-519. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996; Reprinted in Intellectual Property: Moral, Legal, and International Dilemmas, edited by Adam D. Moore, 39-56. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1997.)