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  • June 2022
  • Article

Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
The evaluation and selection of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet there are persistent concerns about bias, such as conservatism. This paper investigates the role that the format of evaluation, specifically information...  View Details
Keywords: Project Evaluation; Innovation; Knowledge Frontier; Information Sharing; Negativity Bias; Projects; Innovation and Invention; Information; Knowledge Sharing
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

The Incidence of the Corporate Income Tax Is Irrelevant for Its (Benefit-Based) Justification
By: Matthew C. Weinzierl
Robust support for corporate income taxation is a puzzle for standard tax theory because the tax’s incidence is uncertain and unreliable. We propose a resolution: if the corporate tax is seen as a benefit-based tax, its normative appeal depends on the correspondence...  View Details
Keywords: Corporate Income Tax; Benefit-based Taxation; Business Ventures; Taxation
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations for Novel Projects
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
The evaluation of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet literature suggests that this process is subject to inconsistency and potential biases. This paper investigates the role of information sharing among experts as the...  View Details
Keywords: Project Evaluation; Innovation; Knowledge Frontier; Negativity Bias; Projects; Innovation and Invention; Information; Diversity; Judgments
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  • October 2017
  • Article

'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions
By: Silvia Bellezza, Joshua M. Ackerman and Francesca Gino
Consumers are often faced with the opportunity to purchase a new, enhanced product, such as a new phone, even though the product they currently own is still fully functional. We propose that consumers act more recklessly with their current products when in the presence...  View Details
Keywords: Carelessness; Product Upgrade; Ownership; Justification; Consumer Behavior; Attitudes; Property
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  • 2022
  • Working Paper

Motivated Errors
By: Christine L Exley and Judd B. Kessler
In three sets of experiments involving 5,432 subjects, we show that agents make more errors when doing so allows them to justify selfish behavior. We show that errors relating to addition arise when they can help to justify selfishness but are eliminated when selfish...  View Details
Keywords: Information; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving
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  • 2016
  • Chapter

How Moral Flexibility Constrains Our Moral Compass
By: F. Gino
Cheating, fraud, deception, uncooperative actions, and many other forms of unethical behavior are among the greatest personal and societal challenges of our time. While the media commonly focuses on the most sensational scams (e.g., Enron, Bernard Madoff), less...  View Details
Keywords: Moral Sensibility; Behavior; Organizations; Attitudes
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  • 2015
  • Working Paper

'Be Careless with That!' Availability of Product Upgrades Increases Cavalier Behavior Toward Possessions
By: Silvia Bellezza, Joshua M. Ackerman and Francesca Gino
Consumers are often faced with the opportunity to purchase a new, enhanced product (e.g., a new phone), even though the device they currently own is still fully functional. We propose that consumers act more recklessly with their current products and are less concerned...  View Details
Keywords: Carelessness; Product Upgrade; Justification; Loss; Consumer Behavior; Attitudes; Product; Ownership
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  • April 2015
  • Article

Self-serving Justifications: Doing Wrong and Feeling Moral
By: Shaul Shalvi, F. Gino, Rachel Barkan and Shahar Ayal
Unethical behavior by "ordinary" people poses significant societal and personal challenges. We present a novel framework centered on the role of self-serving justification to build upon and advance the rapidly expanding research on intentional unethical behavior of...  View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Moral Sensibility
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  • 2014
  • Discussion Paper

Do High Feed-in Tariffs for Solar PV Panels Hinder Competition (Japanese)
By: Koji Nomura and Tomomichi Amano
In Japan, feed-in-tariffs (FIT) are a key policy tool that has been deployed to produce the mass diffusion of photovoltaices (PV). In this study, we argue that this policy is unlikely to induce sustainable economic growth, which some use as a justification for FIT. We...  View Details
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  • 2013
  • Article

Ethically Adrift: How Others Pull Our Moral Compass from True North, and How we Can Fix It
By: C. Moore and F. Gino
This chapter is about the social nature of morality. Using the metaphor of the moral compass to describe individuals' inner sense of right and wrong, we offer a framework to help us understand social reasons why our moral compass can come under others' control, leading...  View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Moral Sensibility; Behavior
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  • Article

On Derivatives Markets and Social Welfare: A Theory of Empty Voting and Hidden Ownership
By: Jordan M. Barry, John William Hatfield and Scott Duke Kominers
In the past twenty-five years, derivatives markets have grown exponentially. Large, modern derivatives markets increasingly enable investors to hold economic interests in corporations without owning voting rights, and vice versa. This leads to both empty...  View Details
Keywords: Voting; Corporate Disclosure; Financial Markets; Ownership
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  • January 2013
  • Article

Preference Heterogeneity and Optimal Capital Income Taxation
By: Mikhail Golosov, Maxim Troshkin, Aleh Tsyvinski and Matthew Weinzierl
We examine a prominent justification for capital income taxation: goods preferred by those with high ability ought to be taxed. In an environment where commodity taxes are allowed to be nonlinear functions of income and consumption, we derive an analytical expression...  View Details
Keywords: Taxation
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  • 2012
  • Article

Organizing for Society: A Typology of Social Entrepreneuring Models
By: Johanna Mair, Julie Battilana and Julian Cardenas
In this article, we use content and cluster analysis on a global sample of 200 social entrepreneurial organizations to develop a typology of social entrepreneuring models. This typology is based on four possible forms of capital that can be leveraged: social, economic,...  View Details
Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Organizational Structure
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  • January 2009 (Revised October 2011)
  • Case

Barack Obama and the Bush Tax Cuts (A)
By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and Eric D. Werker
As his inauguration approached, President-elect Obama faced a financial sector meltdown, a costly bailout, and massive government deficits. With the economy in recession, interest rates near zero, and joblessness on the rise, Obama needed to decide whether, and how...  View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Financial Crisis; Borrowing and Debt; Financial Management; Policy; Government Administration; Taxation; United States
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  • August 2007
  • Column

Pitch Your Offer—and Close the Deal
By: Deepak Malhotra and Max H. Bazerman
The article offers several strategies on how to be a good negotiator and decision maker for business developments. The strategies that are presented were an extract from the book Negotiation Genius: How to Overcome Obstacles and Achieve Brilliant Results at the...  View Details
Keywords: Decision Making; Negotiation; Negotiation Offer; Negotiation Tactics; Strategy
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  • April 2007
  • Compilation

AOL/Time Warner: To Merge or Demerge?
By: David J. Collis and Troy Smith
This is a compilation of four analyst reports about the AOL/Time Warner merger of 2001. The first half cites three reports released in 2000, around the time the merger was announced, which give the logic and justifications for the merger. The second half is taken from...  View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Reports; Business Divisions; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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  • March 1995 (Revised April 1995)
  • Background Note

Scope of the Corporation, The
By: David J. Collis
Describes analyses that determine the appropriate limit to the scope of the firm. Examines both the production cost justification for firm diversification--economies of scope and shared resources, and the governance cost justification for including transactions inside...  View Details
Keywords: Cost; Agency Theory; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion
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  • June 1993
  • Article

The Effects of Relationships and Justification in an Interdependent Allocation Task
By: J. Polzer, M. Neale and P. Glenn
Keywords: Relationships
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  • summer 1991
  • Article

Trade Secrets and the Justification of Intellectual Property: A Comment on Hettinger
By: L. S. Paine
Keywords: Intellectual Property
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