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      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      How Do Investors Value ESG?

      By: Malcolm Baker, Mark Egan and Suproteem K. Sarkar
      Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) objectives have risen to near the top of the agenda for corporate executives and boards, driven in large part by their perceptions of shareholder interest. We quantify the value that shareholders place on ESG using a revealed...  View Details
      Keywords: Investment; Investment Portfolio; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Governance; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Baker, Malcolm, Mark Egan, and Suproteem K. Sarkar. "How Do Investors Value ESG?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30708, December 2022. (Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-028, November 2022.)
      • October 2022
      • Case

      Driving Decarbonization at BMW

      By: Shirley Lu, George Serafeim and Michael W. Toffel
      The case describes BMW’s electrification and decarbonization strategy, and how the company measured carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of its vehicles and used tools like carbon abatement cost curves to evaluate decarbonization opportunities. In mid-2022,...  View Details
      Keywords: Decarbonization; Climate Change; Environment; Sustainability; Carbon Accounting; Carbon; Carbon Abatement; Electric Vehicles; Automobiles; Transportation; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Accounting; Strategy; Technological Innovation; Supply Chain; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Transportation Industry; Auto Industry; Battery Industry; Germany; China; United States; Europe
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      Lu, Shirley, George Serafeim, and Michael W. Toffel. "Driving Decarbonization at BMW." Harvard Business School Case 123-008, October 2022.
      • September–October 2022
      • Article

      The Essential Link Between ESG Targets and Financial Performance

      By: Mark R. Kramer and Marc W. Pfitzer
      Despite heightened attention to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, surprisingly few companies are making meaningful progress in delivering on their commitments. Most firms are not integrating ESG factors into internal strategy and operational decisions...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG; Environmental Sustainability; Social Issues; Governance; Financial Strategy; Decision Making; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Organizational Structure
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      Kramer, Mark R., and Marc W. Pfitzer. "The Essential Link Between ESG Targets and Financial Performance." Harvard Business Review 100, no. 5 (September–October 2022).
      • July 2022
      • Case

      Yinglan Tan: Scaling a Venture Capital Firm in Southeast Asia

      By: Josh Lerner and Richard Zhu
      Yinglan Tan considered the future of his young Singapore-based venture capital firm. On the one hand, the intuition that was behind the initial creation of Insignia in 2017 had been proven correct. The venture capital market in Southeast Asia had grown rapidly, driven...  View Details
      Keywords: E-commerce; Scalability; Globalized Markets and Industries; Venture Capital; International Finance; Growth and Development; Expansion
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      Lerner, Josh, and Richard Zhu. "Yinglan Tan: Scaling a Venture Capital Firm in Southeast Asia." Harvard Business School Case 823-025, July 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Case

      Third Point in 2020: Growth is Where the Value is?

      By: Robin Greenwood, James Williams and Denise Han
      In early May 2020, Daniel Loeb’s team at Third Point was evaluating a potential growth opportunity in the Walt Disney Company and whether investor activism might play a role. Battered by the effects of COVID-19, the company’s stock had initially tumbled to $86 and then...  View Details
      Keywords: Growth; Equity; Disney; Value; COVID-19 Pandemic; Economics; Strategy; Growth and Development; Investment Return; Opportunities; Business and Stakeholder Relations; North America
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      Greenwood, Robin, James Williams, and Denise Han. "Third Point in 2020: Growth is Where the Value is?" Harvard Business School Case 222-029, May 2022.
      • April 2022
      • Article

      The Past Is Prologue? Venture-Capital Syndicates' Collaborative Experience and Start-Up Exits

      By: Dan Wang, Emily Cox Pahnke and Rory M. McDonald
      Past research has produced contradictory insights into how prior collaboration between organizations—their relational embeddedness—impacts collective collaborative performance. We theorize that the effect of relational embeddedness on collaborative success is...  View Details
      Keywords: Inter-organizational Networks; Collaboration; Entrepreneurship; Networks; Organizations; Performance; Venture Capital
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      Wang, Dan, Emily Cox Pahnke, and Rory M. McDonald. "The Past Is Prologue? Venture-Capital Syndicates' Collaborative Experience and Start-Up Exits." Academy of Management Journal 65, no. 2 (April 2022): 371–402.
      • March 2022
      • Case

      Abu Issa Holding: Navigating the Qatar Blockade

      By: Mark Egan and Youssef Abdel Aal
      The case follows Ashraf Abu Issa, CEO and chairman of Abu Issa Holding (AIH), as he contemplated the fate of his company’s regional expansion. AIH was a Qatari diversified holding company, whose primary business was luxury retailing and distribution. Abu Issa had set...  View Details
      Keywords: Luxury Retail; Expansion; Equity; Business Divisions; Growth and Development; Market Entry and Exit; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Consumer Products Industry; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates
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      Egan, Mark, and Youssef Abdel Aal. "Abu Issa Holding: Navigating the Qatar Blockade." Harvard Business School Case 222-063, March 2022.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Which Corporate ESG News Does the Market React To?

      By: George Serafeim and Aaron Yoon
      Using a dataset that classifies firm-level ESG news as positive and negative, we examine how stock prices react to different types of ESG news. We analyze 111,020 firm-day observations for 3,126 companies and find that prices react only to issues identified as...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Ratings; Social Capital; Environment; Sustainability; CSR; Stock Price; Stock Market Expectations; Materiality; Market Reaction; Environmental Sustainability; Governance; Social Issues; Performance; News
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      Serafeim, George, and Aaron Yoon. "Which Corporate ESG News Does the Market React To?" Financial Analysts Journal 78, no. 1 (2022): 59–78.
      • January 2022 (Revised February 2022)
      • Case

      Introducing EVA at ISS: A Better Way to Evaluate CEO Performance and Compensation?

      By: Jonas Heese, Charles C.Y. Wang and James Weber
      In early 2019, Anthony Campagna, the global director of fundamental research at ISS EVA, a unit of the proxy advisory firm Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS), was preparing to release ISS's analyses of public company performance and CEO compensation ahead of Say...  View Details
      Keywords: Jobs and Positions; Compensation and Benefits; Performance; Performance Productivity; Measurement and Metrics; Analytics and Data Science; Value; Business or Company Management; Performance Evaluation; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Heese, Jonas, Charles C.Y. Wang, and James Weber. "Introducing EVA at ISS: A Better Way to Evaluate CEO Performance and Compensation?" Harvard Business School Case 122-061, January 2022. (Revised February 2022.)
      • November 2021
      • Background Note

      Fiduciary Duties Law for Managers: An Overview

      By: J.S. Nelson and Trevor Fetter
      This note describes the essential legal responsibilities of managers and company directors toward investors and other parties. These include basic fiduciary duties of loyalty, obedience, good faith and care, as well as duties that relate to...  View Details
      Keywords: Feduciary Duty; Managerial Roles; Legal Liability
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      Nelson, J.S., and Trevor Fetter. "Fiduciary Duties Law for Managers: An Overview." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-073, November 2021.
      • November 2021 (Revised December 2022)
      • Case

      Babban Gona: Great Farm

      By: Kristin Fabbe, Tarun Khanna, Caroline M. Elkins, Zeke Gillman, Eleni Kyrkopoulou and Thomaz Teodorovicz
      In 2020, Babban Gona was one of the world’s largest farming operations with over 140,000 acres of maize farms, an area over ten times as large as Manhattan, and over 80,000 member-farmers in Nigeria. According to the company, the average Nigerian farmer’s net income...  View Details
      Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Entrepreneurship; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Value Creation; Agribusiness; Capital Budgeting; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Nigeria; Africa
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      Fabbe, Kristin, Tarun Khanna, Caroline M. Elkins, Zeke Gillman, Eleni Kyrkopoulou, and Thomaz Teodorovicz. "Babban Gona: Great Farm." Harvard Business School Case 722-027, November 2021. (Revised December 2022.)
      • October 2021 (Revised September 2022)
      • Case

      GoPro: Becoming a Subscription Hero

      By: Elie Ofek, Marco Bertini and Nicole Tempest Keller
      In 2021, Nick Woodman, founder and CEO of GoPro, was reviewing the company’s subscription offering, considering whether to extend it beyond benefits that were directly related to the company’s iconic camera. Founded in 2002, GoPro had gained renown for its innovative...  View Details
      Keywords: Subscription Model; Pricing; Lifestyle Brands; Value Proposition; Business Model; Growth and Development Strategy; Marketing Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; California
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      Ofek, Elie, Marco Bertini, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "GoPro: Becoming a Subscription Hero." Harvard Business School Case 522-022, October 2021. (Revised September 2022.)
      • October 2021
      • Case

      Financial Reporting at Mattel

      By: Aiyesha Dey, Trung Nguyen, Marshal Herrmann and Julia Kelley
      In September 2020, Diana Ferguson was nearing her first Audit Committee meeting as the newly appointed Audit Committee chair of Mattel, Inc. Mattel was just recovering from an accounting scandal which had revealed the company’s poor internal controls and weak board...  View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Accounting Audits; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Governance; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Disclosure; Corporate Governance; Governance Compliance; Governance Controls; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governing and Advisory Boards; Lawsuits and Litigation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Consumer Products Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Financial Services Industry; North and Central America; United States; California
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      Dey, Aiyesha, Trung Nguyen, Marshal Herrmann, and Julia Kelley. "Financial Reporting at Mattel." Harvard Business School Case 122-006, October 2021.
      • October 2021 (Revised October 2022)
      • Case

      The Opioid Settlement and Controversy Over CEO Pay at AmerisourceBergen

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Li-Kuan Ni
      In 2020, AmerisourceBergen Corporation, a Fortune 50 company in the drug distribution industry, agreed to settle thousands of lawsuits filed nationwide against the company for its opioid distribution practices that critics alleged had contributed to the nationwide...  View Details
      Keywords: Opioids; Drug; Investors; Shareholder Activism; Investment Activism; Executive Compensation; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Governance Compliance; Governance Controls; Risk Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Legal Liability; Distribution Industry; Health Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; West Virginia; Tennessee; Ohio; Pennsylvania
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Li-Kuan Ni. "The Opioid Settlement and Controversy Over CEO Pay at AmerisourceBergen." Harvard Business School Case 122-014, October 2021. (Revised October 2022.)
      • Article

      Decarbonization Factors

      By: Alex Cheema-Fox, Bridget LaPerla, George Serafeim, David Turkington and Hui (Stacie) Wang
      In the face of accelerating climate change, investors are making capital allocations seeking to decarbonize portfolios by reducing the carbon emissions of their holdings. To understand the performance of portfolio decarbonization strategies and investor behavior...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG; Investment Management; Factor Investing; Investor Behavior; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Investment; Management
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      Cheema-Fox, Alex, Bridget LaPerla, George Serafeim, David Turkington, and Hui (Stacie) Wang. "Decarbonization Factors." Journal of Impact and ESG Investing 2, no. 1 (Fall 2021): 47–73.
      • September 2021 (Revised October 2021)
      • Case

      Dream: Impact Through Real Estate

      By: Michael Chu and John Masko
      The Canadian city of Toronto had one of the largest housing affordability problems of any city in the developed world. One company trying to address this problem was Dream, one of the largest real estate groups in Canada. In 2021, Dream had just launched a new system...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Real Estate Development; Renewable Energy; Energy Conservation; Income; Values and Beliefs; Borrowing and Debt; Equity; Private Equity; Public Equity; Financing and Loans; City; Government Legislation; Immigration; Housing; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Property; Business and Government Relations; Civil Society or Community; Human Needs; Sustainable Cities; Environmental Sustainability; Social Enterprise; Real Estate Industry; Canada; Toronto
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      Chu, Michael, and John Masko. "Dream: Impact Through Real Estate." Harvard Business School Case 322-041, September 2021. (Revised October 2021.)
      • August 2021 (Revised November 2021)
      • Case

      The NCB Capital Turnaround: Waking the Sleeping Giant

      By: Sandra J. Sucher, Gamze Yucaoglu, Shalene Gupta and Fares Khrais
      The case opens in 2019, five years after, Sarah Al Suhaimi, CEO of NCB Capital (NCBC), the investment arm of Saudi’s largest bank, NCB, took the helm. Having successfully turned the business to make it the market leader, she was contemplating her next steps as...  View Details
      Keywords: Turnaround; Investment Banking; Financial Institutions; Change Management; Leadership; Business Model; Strategy; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Management Teams; Asset Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Saudi Arabia
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      Sucher, Sandra J., Gamze Yucaoglu, Shalene Gupta, and Fares Khrais. "The NCB Capital Turnaround: Waking the Sleeping Giant." Harvard Business School Case 322-043, August 2021. (Revised November 2021.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Open Sourcing and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub

      By: Annamaria Conti, Christian Peukert and Maria Roche
      We study the participation of nascent firms in open source communities and its implications for attracting funding. To do so, we exploit rich data on 160,065 US startups linking information from Crunchbase to firms' GitHub accounts. Estimating a within-startup model...  View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Technology Strategy; GitHub; Machine Learning; Business Startups; Venture Capital; Information Technology; Strategy
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      Conti, Annamaria, Christian Peukert, and Maria Roche. "Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Open Sourcing and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-001, July 2021. (Revised October 2022.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Once Bitten, Twice Shy: Learning from Corporate Fraud and Corporate Governance Spillovers

      By: Trung Nguyen
      This paper finds that investors learn from their experience with corporate fraud and financial misconduct and modify their investment behavior to avoid suspicious firms and increase corporate governance efforts. More specially, mutual funds that experienced corporate...  View Details
      Keywords: Institutional Investors; Investor Experience; Shareholder Voting; Corporate Fraud; Corporate Governance; Institutional Investing; Behavior; Change; Learning
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      Nguyen, Trung. "Once Bitten, Twice Shy: Learning from Corporate Fraud and Corporate Governance Spillovers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-135, June 2021.
      • April 22, 2021
      • Article

      Shareholders Are Pressing for Climate Risk Disclosures. That's Good for Everyone

      By: Caroline Flammer, Michael W. Toffel and Kala Viswanathan
      Does shareholder activism induce firms to voluntarily disclose climate change risks? And how do markets respond to these disclosures? New research finds that the extent of climate-risk disclosure increases by approximately 4.6% for each environment-related proposal...  View Details
      Keywords: Reporting; Transparency; Activism; Shareholder Activism; Shareholder Engagement; Climate Change; Corporate Disclosure; Investment Activism; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Flammer, Caroline, Michael W. Toffel, and Kala Viswanathan. "Shareholders Are Pressing for Climate Risk Disclosures. That's Good for Everyone." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 22, 2021).
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