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      • November 2023
      • Article

      Open Source Software and Global Entrepreneurship

      By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
      This is the first study to consider the relationship between open source software (OSS) and entrepreneurship around the globe. This study measures whether country-level participation on the GitHub OSS platform affects the founding of innovative ventures, and where it...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Applications and Software; Business Ventures; Development Economics; Innovation and Invention; Global Range
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      Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Open Source Software and Global Entrepreneurship." Art. 104846. Research Policy 52, no. 9 (November 2023).
      • September 2023
      • Technical Note

      Free and Open Source Software and Hardware

      By: Frank Nagle
      This technical note surveys the concepts of free and open source software and hardware. It introduces the concepts in general, providing a brief history of their development and numerous examples of how companies employ them in practice. Further, it identifies various...  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Strategy; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Nonprofit Organizations; Competitive Strategy; Patents; Information Technology; Business Model; Information Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry
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      Nagle, Frank. "Free and Open Source Software and Hardware." Harvard Business School Technical Note 724-380, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Nexleaf Analytics: Saving the World Using the Internet of Things

      By: Frank Nagle
      Keywords: Corporate Strategy; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Nonprofit Organizations; Competitive Strategy; Patents; Expansion; Information Technology; Information Industry; Information Industry; Information Industry; Information Industry
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      Nagle, Frank. "Nexleaf Analytics: Saving the World Using the Internet of Things." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-381, September 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality

      By: Fabrizio Dell'Acqua, Edward McFowland III, Ethan Mollick, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, Katherine C. Kellogg, Saran Rajendran, Lisa Krayer, François Candelon and Karim R. Lakhani
      The public release of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked tremendous interest in how humans will use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to accomplish a variety of tasks. In our study conducted with Boston Consulting Group, a global management consulting firm, we examine...  View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Model; AI and Machine Learning; Performance Efficiency; Performance Improvement
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      Dell'Acqua, Fabrizio, Edward McFowland III, Ethan Mollick, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, Katherine C. Kellogg, Saran Rajendran, Lisa Krayer, François Candelon, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier: Field Experimental Evidence of the Effects of AI on Knowledge Worker Productivity and Quality." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-013, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Case

      AI21 Labs in 2023: Strategy for Generative AI

      By: David Yoffie, Orna Dan and Elena Corsi
      Tel Aviv-based generative artificial intelligence company AI21 Labs considers how to remain competitive among the biggest players in the technology and AI arena.  View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Information Technology; AI and Machine Learning; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Technology Industry
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      Yoffie, David, Orna Dan, and Elena Corsi. "AI21 Labs in 2023: Strategy for Generative AI." Harvard Business School Case 724-383, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Apple’s iPhone Revolution: Pioneering the Circular Economy

      By: George Serafeim
      The case describes the Trade-In system for iPhones that allow iPhones to be refurbished and reused or to be recycled. The case provides information for the students to analyze the financial attractiveness of the Trade-In system and the carbon avoidance of the...  View Details
      Keywords: Iphone; Smartphone; Technology; Sustainability; Climate Change; Business Model Innovation; Carbon Emissions; Recycling; Business Model; Product Design; Technology Industry
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      Serafeim, George. "Apple’s iPhone Revolution: Pioneering the Circular Economy." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 124-026, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Case

      RightHand Robotics: Choosing the First Market

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Stacy Straaberg
      In early 2015, RightHand Robotics’s (RHR) leadership faced several decisions in commercializing the startup’s robotic picking solution. RHR’s central product was the RightPick integrated robotic picking system which featured a robotic arm, a three-fingered robotic hand...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Market Entry and Exit; Product; Research and Development; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Information Infrastructure; Technology Industry; Technology Industry; United States; Massachusetts
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Stacy Straaberg. "RightHand Robotics: Choosing the First Market." Harvard Business School Case 824-006, September 2023.
      • September 2023
      • Article

      (Not) Paying for Diversity: Repugnant Market Concerns Associated with Transactional Approaches to Diversity Recruitment

      By: Summer R. Jackson
      In a 20-month ethnographic study, I examine how a technology firm, ShopCo (a pseudonym), considered 13 different recruitment platforms to attract racial minority engineering candidates. I find that when choosing whether to adopt recruitment platforms focused on racial...  View Details
      Keywords: Technology Adoption; Recruitment; Race; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Jackson, Summer R. "(Not) Paying for Diversity: Repugnant Market Concerns Associated with Transactional Approaches to Diversity Recruitment." Administrative Science Quarterly 68, no. 3 (September 2023): 824–866.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Large Shocks Travel Fast

      By: Alberto Cavallo, Francesco Lippi and Ken Miyahara
      We leverage the inflation upswing of 2022 and various granular datasets to identify robust price-setting patterns following a large supply shock. We show that the frequency of price changes increases dramatically after a large shock. We set up a parsimonious New...  View Details
      Keywords: Macroeconomics; Analytics and Data Science; Inflation and Deflation; Cost; Mathematical Methods
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      Cavallo, Alberto, Francesco Lippi, and Ken Miyahara. "Large Shocks Travel Fast." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31659, September 2023.
      • 2023
      • Article

      On Minimizing the Impact of Dataset Shifts on Actionable Explanations

      By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Anna Meyer, Dan Ley and Suraj Srinivas
      The Right to Explanation is an important regulatory principle that allows individuals to request actionable explanations for algorithmic decisions. However, several technical challenges arise when providing such actionable explanations in practice. For instance, models...  View Details
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science
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      Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Anna Meyer, Dan Ley, and Suraj Srinivas. "On Minimizing the Impact of Dataset Shifts on Actionable Explanations." Proceedings of the Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI) 39th (2023): 1434–1444.
      • 2023
      • Article

      On the Impact of Actionable Explanations on Social Segregation

      By: Himabindu Lakkaraju and Ruijiang Gao
      As predictive models seep into several real-world applications, it has become critical to ensure that individuals who are negatively impacted by the outcomes of these models are provided with a means for recourse. To this end, there has been a growing body of research...  View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; AI and Machine Learning; Outcome or Result
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      Lakkaraju, Himabindu, and Ruijiang Gao. "On the Impact of Actionable Explanations on Social Segregation." Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) 40th (2023): 10727–10743.
      • September–October 2023
      • Article

      Reskilling in the Age of AI

      By: Jorge Tamayo, Leila Doumi, Sagar Goel, Orsolya Kovács-Ondrejkovic and Raffaella Sadun
      In the coming decades, as the pace of technological change continues to increase, millions of workers may need to be not just upskilled but reskilled—a profoundly complex societal challenge that will sometimes require workers to both acquire new skills and...  View Details
      Keywords: Competency and Skills; AI and Machine Learning; Training; Adaptation; Employees; Digital Transformation
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      Tamayo, Jorge, Leila Doumi, Sagar Goel, Orsolya Kovács-Ondrejkovic, and Raffaella Sadun. "Reskilling in the Age of AI." Harvard Business Review 101, no. 5 (September–October 2023): 56–65.
      • September 2023
      • Article

      Top Talent, Elite Colleges, and Migration: Evidence from the Indian Institutes of Technology

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Ina Ganguli and Patrick Gaulé
      We study migration in the right tail of the talent distribution using a novel dataset of Indian high school students taking the Joint Entrance Exam (JEE), a college entrance exam used for admission to the prestigious Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT). We find a...  View Details
      Keywords: Higher Education; Immigration; Talent and Talent Management; India
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Ina Ganguli, and Patrick Gaulé. "Top Talent, Elite Colleges, and Migration: Evidence from the Indian Institutes of Technology." Art. 103120. Journal of Development Economics 164 (September 2023).
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Self-Driving Cars and the Ethics of Autonomy

      By: Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. and Tom Quinn
      As autonomy became a more significant part of modern life – most notably in autonomous vehicles (AVs), such as Teslas – ethical debates about whether and how to impart ethics to machines heated up. Utilitarians pointed out that autonomous vehicles crashed much less...  View Details
      Keywords: Cost vs Benefits; Judgments; Fairness; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Disruptive Innovation; Technology Adoption; Risk and Uncertainty; Cognition and Thinking; Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Africa; Asia; Europe; North and Central America; Oceania; South America
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      Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr., and Tom Quinn. "Self-Driving Cars and the Ethics of Autonomy." Harvard Business School Case 324-007, August 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      LALIGA—From a Soccer Competition Organizer to a Global Player in the Sports and Entertainment Industry

      By: Stephen A. Greyser, Kenneth Cortsen and Juan Fuentes Fernández
      LALIGA, the first- and second-tier professional soccer league (known as “football” outside of the U.S. and Canada) in Spain, enters its 100th soccer season later this decade. The most popular game in the world (Giulianotti, 2012) has gone through many changes since...  View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; "Sports Organizations,; Business History; Strategy; Brands and Branding; Technology Adoption; Sports Industry
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      Greyser, Stephen A., Kenneth Cortsen, and Juan Fuentes Fernández. "LALIGA—From a Soccer Competition Organizer to a Global Player in the Sports and Entertainment Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-009, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Floward

      By: Krishna Palepu and Namrata Arora
      In 2022, Abdulaziz B. Al Loughani, CEO and co-founder of Floward, an online flower and gifting company established in Kuwait in 2017, contemplated the firm's growth trajectory. Floward, an e-commerce enterprise that offered fresh-cut flowers sourced directly from...  View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology Industry; Middle East; North Africa; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; United Arab Emirates; Jordan
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      Palepu, Krishna, and Namrata Arora. "Floward." Harvard Business School Case 124-010, August 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Targeting, Personalization, and Engagement in an Agricultural Advisory Service

      By: Susan Athey, Shawn Cole, Shanjukta Nath and Jessica Zhu
      ICT is increasingly used to deliver customized information in developing countries. We examine whether individually targeting the timing of automated voice calls meaningfully increases engagement in an agricultural advisory service. We define, estimate, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Knowledge Dissemination; Customization and Personalization; Performance Effectiveness
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      Athey, Susan, Shawn Cole, Shanjukta Nath, and Jessica Zhu. "Targeting, Personalization, and Engagement in an Agricultural Advisory Service." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-006, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Beamery: Using Skills and AI to Modernize HR

      By: Boris Groysberg, Alexis Lefort, Susan Pinckney and Carolina Bartunek
      Unicorn human relationships startup Beamery evaluates it growth versus depth strategy as its strategic partners and customers could become future competitors in a quickly changing AI based human resources and talent management industry  View Details
      Keywords: Acquisition; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Competency and Skills; Experience and Expertise; Talent and Talent Management; Customers; Nationality; Learning; Entrepreneurship; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship; Human Resources; Employee Relationship Management; Recruitment; Retention; Selection and Staffing; Values and Beliefs; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Analytics and Data Science; Applications and Software; Disruptive Innovation; Technological Innovation; Job Offer; Job Search; Job Design and Levels; Employment; Human Capital; Europe; United Kingdom; United States
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      Groysberg, Boris, Alexis Lefort, Susan Pinckney, and Carolina Bartunek. "Beamery: Using Skills and AI to Modernize HR." Harvard Business School Case 424-004, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      WayCool: Reimagining the Food Supply Chain

      By: Paul Gompers and Kairavi Dey
      Founded in 2015, WayCool, is an Indian agri-tech start-up that built a B2B operation acquiring fruits and vegetables from product-specific agriculture companies and small-holding farmers. It sold them to business customers, such as local retail stores, restaurants, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Digital Transformation; Operations; Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Asia; South Asia
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      Gompers, Paul, and Kairavi Dey. "WayCool: Reimagining the Food Supply Chain." Harvard Business School Case 224-011, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Kariyer.net: Recruiting AI

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Fares Khrais and Namrata Arora
      In 2017, Fatih Uysal (AMP 2021) became CEO of Kariyer.net. By then, the business was already the industry leading online job board in Turkey. However, faced with stalling growth, a turbulent macroenvironment, and growing competition from international players, Uysal...  View Details
      Keywords: Online Technology; Marketing; Websites; Artificial Intelligence; Innovation; Two-sided Platforms; Internet and the Web; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Job Search; Employment; Transformation; Volatility; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Management Practices and Processes; Business Growth and Maturation; Competitive Strategy; Business Startups; Talent and Talent Management; Cost vs Benefits; Macroeconomics; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Digital Platforms; Information Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry; Middle East; Turkey
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Fares Khrais, and Namrata Arora. "Kariyer.net: Recruiting AI." Harvard Business School Case 524-014, August 2023.
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