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- September 2023
- Article
Top Talent, Elite Colleges, and Migration: Evidence from the Indian Institutes of Technology
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Ina Ganguli and Patrick Gaulé
We study migration in the right tail of the talent distribution using a novel dataset of Indian high school students taking the Joint Entrance Exam (JEE), a college entrance exam used for admission to the prestigious Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT). We find a...
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- August 2023
- Article
Surveying the Landscape of Labor Market Threat Perceptions from Migration: Evidence from Attitudes toward Sub-Saharan African Migrants in Morocco
By: Matt Buehler, Kristin E. Fabbe and Eleni Kyrkopoulou
Morocco, once primarily known as a country of emigration and transit to Europe, has become a destination country for migrants, the majority of whom are from sub-Saharan Africa. Using an original nationally representative survey of 2,700 respondents, together with data...
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- 2023
- Working Paper
Migration Fear and Minority Crowd-Funding Success: Evidence from Kickstarter
By: John (Jianqui) Bai, William R. Kerr, Chi Wan and Alptug Yorulmaz
The US Migration Fear Index fluctuated substantially during 2009-2021, especially during the campaign and early administration of President Trump. During quarters of low anxiety, minorities are 2.4% less likely to achieve their crowd-funding goals than white creators...
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- January 2023
- Article
Social Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship
By: William R. Kerr and Martin Mandorff
We study the relationship between ethnicity, occupational choice, and entrepreneurship. Immigrant groups in the United States cluster in specific business sectors. For example, Koreans are 34 times more concentrated in self-employment for dry cleaning than other...
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- 2021
- Working Paper
The Contribution of High-Skilled Immigrants to Innovation in the United States
By: Shai Bernstein, Rebecca Diamond, Abhisit Jiranaphawiboon, Timothy McQuade and Beatriz Pousada
We characterize the contribution of immigrants to US innovation, both through their direct productivity as well as through their indirect spillover effects on their native collaborators. To do so, we link patent records to a database containing the first five digits of...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Between Human Dignity and Security: Identifying Citizen and Elite Preferences and Concerns over Refugee Reception
By: Kristin Fabbe, Eleni Kyrkopoulou and Mara Vidali
Under what conditions do citizens and elites support the creation of migrant and refugee hosting facilities in their area, and what types of facilities do they prefer? What types of concerns underlay these preferences and how do they differ by ideology and elite...
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- August 2022
- Case
Southwick Social Ventures
By: Henry McGee, Mel Martin and Amy Klopfenstein
In 2021, the HBS Impact Investment Fund student team had found a promising potential investment in Southwick Social Ventures (SSV), a worker and management-owned trouser manufacturer. With a 100% immigrant workforce, the co-operative was focused on reviving...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
The Impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on the U.S. Economy
By: Joe Long, Carlo Medici, Nancy Qian and Marco Tabellini
This paper studies the impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act, which banned Chinese immigration to the United States after 1882, across U.S. counties between 1870 and 1940. We find that the Act reduced labor supply for both the Chinese and other groups (i.e., white and...
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- August, 2022
- Article
Changing Ingroup Boundaries: The Effect of Immigration on Race Relations in the United States
By: Vasiliki Fouka and Marco Tabellini
How do social group boundaries evolve? Does the appearance of a new outgroup change the ingroup's perceptions of other outgroups? We introduce a conceptual framework of context-dependent categorization, in which exposure to one minority leads to recategorization of...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Geographies of Discontent: How Public Service Deprivation Increased Far-Right Support in Italy
By: Simone Cremaschi, Paula Rettl, Marco Cappelluti and Catherine E. De Vries
Electoral support for far-right parties is often linked to specific geographies of discontent. We argue that public service deprivation, defined as poor access to public services at the local level, helps explain these patterns in far-right support. Public service...
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Keywords:
Public Service;
Politics;
Voting Behavior;
Voting;
Voters' Interests;
Electoral Behavior;
Elections;
Election Outcomes;
Voting Trusts;
Public Sector;
Government and Politics;
Political Elections;
Government Administration;
Power and Influence;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Situation or Environment;
Public Relations Industry;
Europe;
Italy
- June 2022 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
The Almost Nearly Perfect People: Sweden's Utopia at a Crossroads
By: Debora L. Spar and Julia M. Comeau
Sweden’s model of capitalism rests on a unique social contract, in which social welfare priorities can co-exist within a vibrant capitalist system. In 2022, however, contemporary pressures were growing on the traditional Swedish model, including mounting calls for...
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- Article
From Immigrants to Americans: Race and Assimilation During the Great Migration
By: Vasiliki Fouka, Soumyajit Mazumder and Marco Tabellini
How does the arrival of a new minority group affect the social acceptance and outcomes of existing minorities? We study this question in the context of the First Great Migration. Between 1915 and 1930, 1.5 million African Americans moved from the U.S. South to Northern...
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- 2022
- Chapter
Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups
By: William R. Kerr and Sari Pekkala Kerr
Immigrants account for about a quarter of US invention and entrepreneurship despite a policy environment that is not well suited for these purposes. This chapter reviews the U.S. immigration policy environment that governs how skilled migrants move to America for...
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- March 2022
- Article
Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention
By: Brad Chattergoon and William R. Kerr
U.S. invention has become increasingly concentrated around major tech centers since the 1970s, with implications for how much cities across the country share in concomitant local benefits. Is invention becoming a winner-takes-all race? We explore the rising spatial...
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- February 14, 2022
- Blog Post
Immigration Is the Key to Emerging Markets Becoming Innovation Hubs
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Sara Signorelli
- January 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
Chinese Restriction, Violence, and Exclusion in the United States
By: Tom Nicholas, Boyang Han and Tomas Rosales
Many early Chinese immigrants to the United States during the 1850s worked as traditional gold miners, but as gold mining declined in significance, an increasing number were employed as laborers for large scale construction projects such as railroads, roadways, and in...
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Keywords:
Immigration Acts;
Immigration;
Labor;
Jobs and Positions;
Race;
Social Issues;
Laws and Statutes
- 2022
- Working Paper
Talent Flows and the Geography of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Firms
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury, Sara Signorelli and James M. Sappenfield
Leveraging a unique dataset merging patent data with all work-related migration reforms that took place in 15 countries over 26 years, we show that reforms discouraging inventor mobility decrease the patenting of MNE subsidiaries within a country, while reforms...
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- January 2022
- Teaching Plan
Just Arrived: Integrating Refugees in Sweden
By: Brian Trelstad and Emilie Billaud
Teaching Plan for HBS Case No. 321-040. Just Arrived is an online platform that matches newly-arrived immigrants in Sweden with employment opportunities. As one of several for-profit and non-profit start-ups in Europe that is looking to address the refugee crisis, the...
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- 2022
- Case
Polarizing Government Work: McKinsey & Co. and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
When Donald Trump announced his run for president in 2015, he placed immigration front and center in his campaign. He promised to drastically expand U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), end Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), and build a border...
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