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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (188)
      • Faculty Publications  (44)

      Hypothesis Testing Remove Hypothesis Testing →

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      • November 2022
      • Article

      Hate Crime Towards Minoritized Groups Increases as They Increase in Sized-Based Rank

      By: Mina Cikara, Vasiliki Fouka and Marco Tabellini
      People are on the move in unprecedented numbers within and between countries. How does demographic change affect local intergroup dynamics? In complement to accounts that emphasize stereotypical features of groups as determinants of their treatment, we propose the...  View Details
      Keywords: Prejudice; Minority; Hate Crimes; Reference Dependence; Prejudice and Bias; Attitudes; Demographics
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      Cikara, Mina, Vasiliki Fouka, and Marco Tabellini. "Hate Crime Towards Minoritized Groups Increases as They Increase in Sized-Based Rank." Nature Human Behaviour 6, no. 11 (November 2022): 1537–1544. (Pre-Published online August 8, 2022, Featured in HBS Working Knowledge and ABC News.)
      • September 2022
      • Article

      A Spanner in the Works: Category-Spanning Entrants and Audience Valuation of Incumbents

      By: Rory M. McDonald and Ryan T. Allen
      Previous work has examined how audiences evaluate category-spanning organizations, but little is known about how their entrance affects evaluations of other, proximate organizations. We posit that the emergence of category-spanning entrants signals the advent of an...  View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Industries; Industry Dynamics; Organization And Management Theory; Technology Strategy; Technology And Innovation Management; Entrepreneurship; Information Technology; Strategy; Management; Theory; Innovation and Management
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      McDonald, Rory M., and Ryan T. Allen. "A Spanner in the Works: Category-Spanning Entrants and Audience Valuation of Incumbents." Strategy Science 7, no. 6 (September 2022): 190–209.
      • September 2022
      • Article

      Health Externalities and Policy: The Role of Social Preferences

      By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf and Farzad Saidi
      Social preferences facilitate the internalization of health externalities, for example by reducing mobility during a pandemic. We test this hypothesis using mobility data from 258 cities worldwide alongside experimentally validated measures of social preferences....  View Details
      Keywords: Social Preferences; Pandemics; Mobility; Health Externalities; Mitigation Policies; Health Pandemics; Cooperation; Behavior; Policy
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      Alfaro, Laura, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf, and Farzad Saidi. "Health Externalities and Policy: The Role of Social Preferences." Management Science 68, no. 9 (September 2022): 6751–6761.
      • March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
      • Module Note

      Statistical Inference

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov, Michael Parzen and Paul Hamilton
      This note provides an overview of statistical inference for an introductory data science course. First, the note discusses samples and populations. Next the note describes how to calculate confidence intervals for means and proportions. Then it walks through the logic...  View Details
      Keywords: Data Science; Statistics; Mathematical Modeling; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Michael Parzen, and Paul Hamilton. "Statistical Inference." Harvard Business School Module Note 622-099, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
      • Article

      From Immigrants to Americans: Race and Assimilation During the Great Migration

      By: Vasiliki Fouka, Soumyajit Mazumder and Marco Tabellini
      How does the arrival of a new minority group affect the social acceptance and outcomes of existing minorities? We study this question in the context of the First Great Migration. Between 1915 and 1930, 1.5 million African Americans moved from the U.S. South to Northern...  View Details
      Keywords: Assimilation; Great Migration; Group Identity; Immigration; Race; History; United States
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      Fouka, Vasiliki, Soumyajit Mazumder, and Marco Tabellini. "From Immigrants to Americans: Race and Assimilation During the Great Migration." Review of Economic Studies 89, no. 2 (March 2022): 811–842. (Also appears in VoxEU, The New York Times, Broadstreet, the Skepticast, and Oxford University Press Blog.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Hate Crime Increases with Minoritized Group Rank

      By: Marco E. Tabellini
      People are on the move in unprecedented numbers within and between countries. How does demographic change affect local intergroup dynamics? In complement to accounts that emphasize stereotypical features of groups as determinants of their treatment, we propose the...  View Details
      Keywords: Prejudice; Minority; Hate Crimes; Reference Dependence; Demographics; Rank and Position; Prejudice and Bias; Crime and Corruption
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      Cikara, Mina, Vasiliki Fouka, and Marco Tabellini. "Hate Crime Increases with Minoritized Group Rank." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-075, February 2022. (Permanent link here. Forthcoming at Nature Human Behaviour.)
      • February 2021
      • Tutorial

      T-tests: Theory and Practice

      By: Michael Parzen, Natalie Epstein, Chiara Farronato and Michael Toffel
      This video provides an introduction to hypothesis testing, sampling, t-tests, and p-values. It provides examples of A/B testing and t-testing to assess whether difference between two groups are statistically significant. This video can be assigned in conjunction with...  View Details
      Keywords: Data Analysis; Data Analytics; Experiment Design; Experimentation; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis
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      Parzen, Michael, Natalie Epstein, Chiara Farronato, and Michael Toffel. T-tests: Theory and Practice. Harvard Business School Tutorial 621-707, February 2021.
      • January–February 2021
      • Article

      Cross‐firm Return Predictability and Accounting Quality

      By: Wen Chen, Mozaffar Khan, Leonid Kogan and George Serafeim
      We test the hypothesis that if poor accounting quality (AQ) is associated with poor investor understanding of firms’ revenue and cost structures, then poor AQ stocks likely respond more slowly than good AQ stocks to new non‐idiosyncratic information that affects both...  View Details
      Keywords: Accounting Quality; Earnings Quality; Stock Returns; Investment Strategy; Accounting; Business Earnings; Quality; Investment Return; Investment; Strategy
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      Chen, Wen, Mozaffar Khan, Leonid Kogan, and George Serafeim. "Cross‐firm Return Predictability and Accounting Quality." Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 48, nos. 1-2 (January–February 2021): 70–101.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Information Avoidance and Image Concerns

      By: Christine L. Exley and Judd B. Kessler
      A rich literature finds that individuals avoid information, even information that is instrumental to their choices. A common hypothesis posits that individuals strategically avoid information to hold particular beliefs or to take certain actions--such as behaving...  View Details
      Keywords: Image Motivation; Self-image; Information; Behavior; Identity; Personal Characteristics
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      Exley, Christine L., and Judd B. Kessler. "Information Avoidance and Image Concerns." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-080, January 2021.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design and Analysis of Switchback Experiments

      By: Iavor I Bojinov, David Simchi-Levi and Jinglong Zhao
      In switchback experiments, a firm sequentially exposes an experimental unit to a random treatment, measures its response, and repeats the procedure for several periods to determine which treatment leads to the best outcome. Although practitioners have widely adopted...  View Details
      Keywords: Switchback Experiments; Design; Analysis; Mathematical Methods
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., David Simchi-Levi, and Jinglong Zhao. "Design and Analysis of Switchback Experiments." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-034, September 2020.
      • July 2020
      • Article

      Tell It Like It Is: When Politically Incorrect Language Promotes Authenticity

      By: J. Schroeder, M. Rosenblum and F. Gino
      When a person’s language appears political—such as being politically correct or incorrect—it can influence fundamental impressions of him or her. Political correctness is “using language or behavior to seem sensitive to others’ feelings, especially those others who...  View Details
      Keywords: Language; Interpersonal Communication; Perception
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      Schroeder, J., M. Rosenblum, and F. Gino. "Tell It Like It Is: When Politically Incorrect Language Promotes Authenticity." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 119, no. 1 (July 2020): 75–103.
      • March 2020
      • Technical Note

      Intrapreneurship: Leading Innovation Efforts in Established Organizations

      By: Karen G. Mills and Annie Dang
      “Intrapreneurship” is the use of entrepreneurial management techniques within established companies to create new environments that foster innovation. Mature firms have consistently faced risk of elimination from competitors, shifting consumer preferences, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Intrapreneurship; Innovation; Corporate Venture Capital; Accelerators; Incubators; Lean Startup; Hypothesis Testing; Business Ventures; Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Invention; Leadership; Framework; Disruption
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      Mills, Karen G., and Annie Dang. "Intrapreneurship: Leading Innovation Efforts in Established Organizations." Harvard Business School Technical Note 820-096, March 2020.
      • March 24, 2020
      • Article

      Delayed Negative Effects of Prosocial Spending on Happiness

      By: Armin Falk and Thomas Graeber
      Does prosocial behavior promote happiness? We test this longstanding hypothesis in a behavioral experiment that extends the scope of previous research. In our Saving a Life paradigm, every participant either saved one human life in expectation by triggering a targeted...  View Details
      Keywords: Prosocial Behavior; Altruism; Happiness; Well-being; Spending; Behavior
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      Falk, Armin, and Thomas Graeber. "Delayed Negative Effects of Prosocial Spending on Happiness." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 12 (March 24, 2020): 6463–6468.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Diagnosing Missing Always at Random in Multivariate Data

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov, Natesh S. Pillai and Donald B. Rubin
      Models for analyzing multivariate data sets with missing values require strong, often assessable, assumptions. The most common of these is that the mechanism that created the missing data is ignorable—a twofold assumption dependent on the mode of inference. The first...  View Details
      Keywords: Missing Data; Diagnostic Tools; Sensitivity Analysis; Hypothesis Testing; Missing At Random; Row Exchangeability; Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Natesh S. Pillai, and Donald B. Rubin. "Diagnosing Missing Always at Random in Multivariate Data." Biometrika 107, no. 1 (March 2020): 246–253.
      • Article

      The Role of Interactivity in Local Differential Privacy

      By: Matthew Joseph, Jieming Mao, Seth Neel and Aaron Leon Roth
      We study the power of interactivity in local differential privacy. First, we focus on the difference between fully interactive and sequentially interactive protocols. Sequentially interactive protocols may query users adaptively in sequence, but they cannot return to...  View Details
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      Joseph, Matthew, Jieming Mao, Seth Neel, and Aaron Leon Roth. "The Role of Interactivity in Local Differential Privacy." Proceedings of the IEEE Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS) 60th (2019).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      From Immigrants to Americans: Race and Assimilation During the Great Migration

      By: Vasiliki Fouka, Soumyajit Mazumder and Marco Tabellini
      How does the arrival of a new minority group affect the social acceptance and outcomes of existing minorities? We study this question in the context of the First Great Migration. Between 1915 and 1930, 1.5 million African Americans moved from the U.S. South to Northern...  View Details
      Keywords: Assimilation; Great Migration; Group Identity; Immigration; Race; History; United States
      Citation
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      Fouka, Vasiliki, Soumyajit Mazumder, and Marco Tabellini. "From Immigrants to Americans: Race and Assimilation During the Great Migration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-018, August 2018. (Revised May 2021. Forthcoming at Review of Economic Studies. Also appears in VoxEU, The New York Times, Broadstreet and in the Skepticast.)
      • Article

      Enacting Rituals to Improve Self-control

      By: D. A. Tian, J. Schroeder, G. Haubl, J. Risen, M. I. Norton and F. Gino
      Rituals are predefined sequences of actions characterized by rigidity and repetition. We propose that enacting ritualized actions can enhance subjective feelings of self-discipline, such that rituals can be harnessed to improve behavioral self-control. We test this...  View Details
      Keywords: Behavior; Perception; Personal Characteristics; Health
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      Tian, D. A., J. Schroeder, G. Haubl, J. Risen, M. I. Norton, and F. Gino. "Enacting Rituals to Improve Self-control." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 114, no. 6 (June 2018): 851–876.
      • Article

      Mitigating Bias in Adaptive Data Gathering via Differential Privacy

      By: Seth Neel and Aaron Leon Roth
      Data that is gathered adaptively—via bandit algorithms, for example—exhibits bias. This is true both when gathering simple numeric valued data—the empirical means kept track of by stochastic bandit algorithms are biased downwards—and when gathering more complicated...  View Details
      Keywords: Bandit Algorithms; Bias; Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods; Theory
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      Neel, Seth, and Aaron Leon Roth. "Mitigating Bias in Adaptive Data Gathering via Differential Privacy." Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) 35th (2018).
      • Article

      Channel Integration, Sales Dispersion, and Inventory Management

      By: Santiago Gallino, Antonio Moreno and Ioannis Stamatopoulos
      We study the effects of the introduction of cross-channel functionalities on the overall sales dispersion of retailers and the implications of these effects for inventory management. To do that, we analyze data from a leading U.S. retailer who introduced a...  View Details
      Keywords: Retail Operations; Online Retail; Channel Integration; Sales Dispersion; Long Tail; Empirical Operations; Inventory Management; Omnichannel Retail; Marketing Channels; Integration; Sales; Logistics; Operations; Management; Retail Industry
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      Gallino, Santiago, Antonio Moreno, and Ioannis Stamatopoulos. "Channel Integration, Sales Dispersion, and Inventory Management." Management Science 63, no. 9 (September 2017): 2813–2831.
      • Article

      Kill or Die: Moral Judgment Alters Linguistic Coding of Causality

      By: Julian De Freitas, Peter DiScioli, Jason Nemirow, Maxim Massenkoff and Steven Pinker
      What is the relationship between the language people use to describe an event and their moral judgments? We test the hypothesis that moral judgment and causative verbs rely on the same underlying mental model of people’s actions. Experiment 1a finds that participants...  View Details
      Keywords: Moral Cognition; Moral Psychology; Causative Verbs; Trolley Problem; Argument Structure; Moral Sensibility; Judgments
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      De Freitas, Julian, Peter DiScioli, Jason Nemirow, Maxim Massenkoff, and Steven Pinker. "Kill or Die: Moral Judgment Alters Linguistic Coding of Causality." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 43, no. 8 (August 2017): 1173–1182.
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