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- 2023
- Working Paper
Organizational Responses to Product Cycles
By: Achyuta Adhvaryu, Vittorio Bassi, Anant Nyshadham, Jorge Tamayo and Nicolas Torres
Product cycles entail the mass production of new—and often increasingly complex—products on a regular basis. How do firms manage these changes? We use granular daily data from a leading automobile manufacturer to study the organizational impacts of introducing new...
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Keywords:
Training;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Knowledge Management;
Production;
Product;
Organizational Structure;
Auto Industry;
Argentina
Adhvaryu, Achyuta, Vittorio Bassi, Anant Nyshadham, Jorge Tamayo, and Nicolas Torres. "Organizational Responses to Product Cycles." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-061, March 2023.
- September 6, 2022
- Article
Creating a Platform for Costless Personalization in Clothing
By: Shane Greenstein
This study analyzes the role of co-invention in the creation of a platform for print-on-demand-clothing, or PODC. Co-invention is the invention of a new business process to complement new technology, and turn it into a valuable commercial service. PODC copies a design...
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Keywords:
Print-on-demand-clothing;
Customization and Personalization;
Digital Platforms;
Apparel and Accessories Industry
Greenstein, Shane. "Creating a Platform for Costless Personalization in Clothing." Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics (September 6, 2022).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Human Capital and the Managerial Revolution in the United States
By: Tom Nicholas
This paper estimates the returns to human capital accumulation during the first era of megafirms in the United States by linking employees at General Electric—a canonical enterprise associated with the “visible hand” of managerial hierarchies—to data from the 1940...
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Keywords:
Returns To Education;
Management Practices;
Hierarchies;
Human Capital;
Management;
Training;
Higher Education;
Government and Politics;
United States
Nicholas, Tom. "Human Capital and the Managerial Revolution in the United States." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-015, September 2022.
- August 30, 2022
- Article
School Choice Increases Racial Segregation Even When Parents Do Not Care About Race
By: Kalinda Ukanwa, Aziza C. Jones and Broderick L. Turner Jr.
This research examines how school choice impacts school segregation. Specifically, this work demonstrates that even if parents do not take the racial demographics of schools into account, preference differences between Black and White parents for other school...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Race;
Policy;
Early Childhood Education;
Middle School Education;
Secondary Education
Ukanwa, Kalinda, Aziza C. Jones, and Broderick L. Turner Jr. "School Choice Increases Racial Segregation Even When Parents Do Not Care About Race." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 35 (August 30, 2022).
- March 2022
- Article
Gender Gaps in Venture Capital Performance
By: Paul A. Gompers, Vladimir Muhkarlyamov, Emily Weisburst and Yuhai Xuan
We explore gender differences in performance in a comprehensive sample of venture capital investments in the United States. Investments by female venture capital investors have significantly lower success rates than investments by their male colleagues when controlling...
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Gompers, Paul A., Vladimir Muhkarlyamov, Emily Weisburst, and Yuhai Xuan. "Gender Gaps in Venture Capital Performance." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 57, no. 2 (March 2022): 485–513.
- Article
What Is Your Status Portfolio? Higher Status Variance across Groups Increases Interpersonal Helping but Decreases Intrapersonal Well-being
By: Catarina R. Fernandes, Siyu Yu, Taeya M. Howell, Alison Wood Brooks, Gavin J. Kilduff and Nathan C. Pettit
Individuals belong to multiple groups across various domains of life, which in aggregate constitute a portfolio of potentially distinct levels of experienced status. We propose a two-factor model for assessing the effects of an individual’s status portfolio, based on...
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Keywords:
Status;
Social Hierarchies;
Helping;
Perspective Taking;
Anxiety;
Status and Position;
Groups and Teams;
Perspective;
Well-being
Fernandes, Catarina R., Siyu Yu, Taeya M. Howell, Alison Wood Brooks, Gavin J. Kilduff, and Nathan C. Pettit. "What Is Your Status Portfolio? Higher Status Variance across Groups Increases Interpersonal Helping but Decreases Intrapersonal Well-being." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 165 (July 2021): 56–75.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Status and Mortality: Is There a Whitehall Effect in the United States?
By: Tom Nicholas
Do white collar workers with lower social status in the occupational hierarchy die younger? The influential Whitehall studies of British civil servants identified a strong inverse relationship between employment rank and mortality, but we do not know if this effect...
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Nicholas, Tom. "Status and Mortality: Is There a Whitehall Effect in the United States?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-080, January 2021.
- Article
Healthy Buildings in 2070
By: John D. Macomber and Joseph G. Allen
Fifty years seems a very long time in the future for most industries. Not so in buildings and real estate; built structures routinely last decades if not hundreds of years, as long as they are economically competitive. Any discussion of the 50-year future has to...
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Keywords:
Health & Wellness;
Real Estate;
Architectural Innovation;
Public Health;
Health;
Buildings and Facilities;
Well-being
Macomber, John D., and Joseph G. Allen. "Healthy Buildings in 2070." The Bridge 50, no. S (Winter 2020): 11–14. (Special 50th Anniversary Issue edited by Ronald M. Latanision.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
The Effects of Hierarchy on Learning and Performance in Business Experimentation
By: Sourobh Ghosh, Stefan Thomke and Hazjier Pourkhalkhali
Do senior managers help or hurt business experiments? Despite the widespread adoption of business experiments to guide strategic decision-making, we lack a scholarly understanding of what role senior managers play in firm experimentation. Using proprietary data of live...
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Keywords:
Experimentation;
Innovation;
Search;
New Product Development;
Innovation and Invention;
Organizational Design;
Learning;
Performance
Ghosh, Sourobh, Stefan Thomke, and Hazjier Pourkhalkhali. "The Effects of Hierarchy on Learning and Performance in Business Experimentation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-081, February 2020.
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize
The purpose of this chapter is to explain what the technologies of flow production with stochastic bottlenecks require and reward in organizations. I argue that organizations successfully implementing these technologies are likely to have unified governance and...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-033, September 2019.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Status Inconsistency: Variance in One's Status Across Groups Harms Well-being but Improves Perspective-taking
By: Catarina Fernandes and Alison Wood Brooks
Most people belong to many different groups. While some people experience consistently high or low status across all of their groups, others experience wildly different levels of status in each group. In this research, we examine how status inconsistency – the degree...
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- 2018
- Chapter
New Prospects for Organizational Democracy?: How the Joint Pursuit of Social and Financial Goals Challenges Traditional Organizational Designs
By: Julie Battilana, Michael Fuerstein and Michael Lee
For an extended period during the first half of the 20th century, industrial democracy was a vibrant movement, with ideological and organizational ties to a thriving unionism. In 2015, however, things look different. While there are instances of democracy in the...
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Battilana, Julie, Michael Fuerstein, and Michael Lee. "New Prospects for Organizational Democracy? How the Joint Pursuit of Social and Financial Goals Challenges Traditional Organizational Designs." In Capitalism Beyond Mutuality? Perspectives Integrating Philosophy and Social Science, edited by Subramanian Rangan, 256–288. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2018.
- 2017
- Article
Self-Managing Organizations: Exploring the Limits of Less-Hierarchical Organizing
By: Michael Y. Lee and Amy C. Edmondson
Fascination with organizations that eschew the conventional managerial hierarchy and instead radically decentralize authority has been longstanding, albeit at the margins of scholarly and practitioner attention. Recently, however, organizational experiments in radical...
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Keywords:
Self-Managed Organizations;
Self-Managed Teams;
Self-organizing Systems;
Self-managing Organizations;
Flat Organization;
Decentralization;
Organization Design;
Non-hierarchical Organizations;
Less-hierarchical Organizing;
Organizational Structure;
Organizational Design;
Research
Lee, Michael Y., and Amy C. Edmondson. "Self-Managing Organizations: Exploring the Limits of Less-Hierarchical Organizing." Research in Organizational Behavior 37 (2017): 35–58.
- August 2017
- Article
A Formal Theory of Strategy
What makes a decision strategic? When is strategy most important? This paper formally studies these questions, starting from a (functional) definition of strategy as “the smallest set of choices to optimally guide (or force) other choices.” The paper shows that this...
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Van den Steen, Eric J. "A Formal Theory of Strategy." Management Science 63, no. 8 (August 2017): 2616–2636.
- March 2017
- Article
Risky Business: When Humor Increases and Decreases Status
By: T. B. Bitterly, A.W. Brooks and M. E. Schweitzer
Across eight experiments, we demonstrate that humor can influence status, but attempting to use humor is risky. The successful use of humor can increase status in both new and existing relationships, but unsuccessful humor attempts (e.g., inappropriate jokes) can harm...
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Bitterly, T. B., A.W. Brooks, and M. E. Schweitzer. "Risky Business: When Humor Increases and Decreases Status." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 112, no. 3 (March 2017): 431–455.
- 2015
- Chapter
Negotiations: Statistical Aspects
'Negotiation analysis' seeks to develop prescriptive theory and useful advice for negotiators and third parties. It generally emphasizes the parties' underlying interests, alternatives to negotiated agreement, approaches to productively manage the inherent tension...
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Sebenius, James K. "Negotiations: Statistical Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Edited by James D. Wright, 430–436. London: Elsevier, 2015.
- December 2014 (Revised March 2018)
- Case
John D. Rockefeller: The Richest Man in the World
By: Tom Nicholas and Vasiliki Fouka
By the late nineteenth century scale and managerial hierarchies had extended to several major industrial sectors of the U.S. economy. Although the precise mechanisms often varied, this process mainly involved horizontal integration, some form of legal or administrative...
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Keywords:
Horizontal Integration;
Wealth;
Business History;
Vertical Integration;
Consolidation;
Personal Development and Career;
Energy Industry;
United States
Nicholas, Tom, and Vasiliki Fouka. "John D. Rockefeller: The Richest Man in the World." Harvard Business School Case 815-088, December 2014. (Revised March 2018.)
- December 2014
- Article
The Distinct Effects of Information Technology and Communication Technology on Firm Organization
By: Nicholas Bloom, Luis Garicano, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
Empirical studies on information communication technologies (ICT) typically aggregate the "information" and "communication" components together. We show theoretically and empirically that this is problematic. Information and communication technologies have very...
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Bloom, Nicholas, Luis Garicano, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "The Distinct Effects of Information Technology and Communication Technology on Firm Organization." Management Science 60, no. 12 (December 2014): 2859–2885.
- Article
Management Practices, Relational Contracts and the Decline of General Motors
By: Susan Helper and Rebecca Henderson
General Motors was once regarded as one of the best managed and most successful firms in the world, but between 1980 and 2009 its share of the U.S. market fell from 62.6% to 19.8%, and in 2009 the firm went bankrupt. In this paper we argue that the conventional...
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Keywords:
Organizational Design;
Management Practices and Processes;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Manufacturing Industry;
Auto Industry;
United States
Helper, Susan, and Rebecca Henderson. "Management Practices, Relational Contracts and the Decline of General Motors." Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, no. 1 (Winter 2014): 49–72.
- 2014
- Book
Accelerate: Building Strategic Agility for a Faster-Moving World
By: John P. Kotter
Based on the award-winning article in Harvard Business Review, from global leadership expert John Kotter. It's a familiar scene in organizations today: a new competitive threat or a big opportunity emerges. You quickly create a strategic initiative in response and...
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Kotter, John P. Accelerate: Building Strategic Agility for a Faster-Moving World. Harvard Business Review Press, 2014.