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- 2020
- Working Paper
Short-Termism, Shareholder Payouts, and Investment in the EU
By: Jesse M. Fried and Charles C.Y. Wang
Investor-driven “short-termism” is said to harm EU public firms' ability to invest for the long term, prompting calls for the EU to better insulate managers from shareholder pressure. But the evidence offered—in the form of rising levels of repurchases and dividends—is...
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Keywords:
Short-termism;
Quarterly Capitalism;
EU;
Dividends;
Equity Issuances;
Equity Compensastion;
Capital Flows;
Capital Distribution;
R&D;
Innovation;
Investment;
Corporate Governance;
Investment Return;
Acquisition;
European Union
Fried, Jesse M., and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Short-Termism, Shareholder Payouts, and Investment in the EU." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-054, October 2020.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Effects of Temporal Distance on Intra-Firm Communication: Evidence from Daylight Savings Time
By: Jasmina Chauvin, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tommy Pan Fang
Cross-border communication costs have plummeted and enabled the global distribution of work, but frictions attributable to distance persist. We estimate the causal effects of temporal distance, i.e., time zone separation between employees, on intra-firm communication,...
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Keywords:
Communication Patterns;
Time Zones;
Geographic Frictions;
Knowledge Workers;
Multinational Companies;
Communication;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Geographic Location
Chauvin, Jasmina, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Tommy Pan Fang. "The Effects of Temporal Distance on Intra-Firm Communication: Evidence from Daylight Savings Time." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-052, September 2020. (Revised November 2021.)
- August 2020
- Article
Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Institutional Environments and Monitoring Program Design
By: Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel and Andrea R. Hugill
Activism seeking to improve labor conditions in global supply chains has led many transnational corporations to adopt codes of conduct and monitor suppliers for compliance. Drawing on thousands of audits conducted by a major social auditor, we identify structural...
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Keywords:
Monitoring;
Supplier Relationship;
Sustainability;
Sustainability Management;
Sustainable Operations;
Sustainable Supply Chains;
NGO;
Operations;
Supply Chain Management;
Governance Compliance;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Global Range;
Working Conditions
Short, Jodi L., Michael W. Toffel, and Andrea R. Hugill. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Institutional Environments and Monitoring Program Design." ILR Review 73, no. 4 (August 2020): 873–912.
- July 2020
- Article
Recovering the Logic of Double Effect for Business: Intentions, Proportionality, and Impermissible Harms
By: Rosemarie Monge and Nien-hê Hsieh
Business actors often act in ways that may harm other parties. While the law aims to restrict harmful behavior and to provide remedies, legal systems do not anticipate all contingencies and legal regulations are not always well enforced. This article argues that the...
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Keywords:
Double Effect;
Intention;
Exploitation;
Risk;
Practical Ethics;
Competition;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Ethics
Monge, Rosemarie, and Nien-hê Hsieh. "Recovering the Logic of Double Effect for Business: Intentions, Proportionality, and Impermissible Harms." Business Ethics Quarterly 30, no. 3 (July 2020): 361–387. (doi: 10.1017/beq.2019.39.)
- March 13, 2020
- Editorial
Scale the Price for a Coronavirus Vaccine by the Harm it Averts
By: Amitabh Chandra
Chandra, Amitabh. "Scale the Price for a Coronavirus Vaccine by the Harm it Averts." Boston Globe (March 13, 2020).
- May 2020
- Article
To Be or Not to Be Your Authentic Self? Catering to Others' Expectations and Interests Hinders Performance
By: Francesca Gino, Ovul Sezer and Laura Huang
When approaching interpersonal first meetings (e.g., job interviews), people often cater to the target’s interests and expectations to make a good impression and secure a positive outcome such as being offered the job (pilot study). This strategy is distinct from other...
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Keywords:
Authenticity;
Catering;
Honesty;
Selection;
Impression Management;
Interpersonal Communication;
Behavior;
Performance
Gino, Francesca, Ovul Sezer, and Laura Huang. "To Be or Not to Be Your Authentic Self? Catering to Others' Expectations and Interests Hinders Performance." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 158 (May 2020): 83–100.
- Article
Psychological Safety and Near Miss Events in Radiation Oncology
By: Palak Kundu, Olivia Jung, Kathy Rose, Chonlawan Khaothiemsang, Nzhde Agazaryan, Amy C. Edmondson, Michael L. Steinberg and Ann C. Raldow
Background: Near miss events, defined as harm averted due to chance, are learning opportunities in radiation oncology. Psychological safety is a feature of a learning environment characterized by interpersonal risk taking. We examine the effects of near miss type and...
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Kundu, Palak, Olivia Jung, Kathy Rose, Chonlawan Khaothiemsang, Nzhde Agazaryan, Amy C. Edmondson, Michael L. Steinberg, and Ann C. Raldow. "Psychological Safety and Near Miss Events in Radiation Oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27 suppl. (September 20, 2019): 231.
- July 2019
- Article
Evaluation of Economic and Clinical Outcomes Under Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Mandatory Bundled Payments for Joint Replacements
By: Derek A. Haas, Xiaoran Zhang, Robert S. Kaplan and Zirui Song
In 2016, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) launched its first mandatory bundled payment program, the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model, by randomizing metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) into the payment model. The paper analyzed...
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Keywords:
Medicare;
Medicaid;
Bundled Payments;
Health Care and Treatment;
Cost Management;
Performance Evaluation;
Outcome or Result
Haas, Derek A., Xiaoran Zhang, Robert S. Kaplan, and Zirui Song. "Evaluation of Economic and Clinical Outcomes Under Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Mandatory Bundled Payments for Joint Replacements." JAMA Internal Medicine 179, no. 7 (July 2019): 924–931.
- Article
People Make It So Hard to Ditch Plastic Straws
Rarely has a minor consumer product received more vilification than the plastic straw. As a symbol of human wastefulness and our careless disregard for the environment, straws are the near-perfect villain. You use a plastic straw once and toss it, but it stays with us...
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Keywords:
Environmental Sustainability;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Consumer Behavior
Kominers, Scott Duke. "People Make It So Hard to Ditch Plastic Straws." Bloomberg Opinion (July 15, 2019).
- Article
The Feeling of Not Knowing It All
By: Haiyang Yang, Ziv Carmon, Dan Ariely and Michael I. Norton
How do consumers assess their mastery of knowledge they have learned? We explore this question by investigating a common knowledge consumption situation: encountering opportunities for further learning. We argue and show that such opportunities can trigger a...
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Keywords:
Knowledge Consumption;
Consumption Of Learning;
Judgment Of Knowledge;
Feeling Ofknowing;
Confidence In Knowledge;
WYSIATI;
FONKIA;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Learning;
Perception
Yang, Haiyang, Ziv Carmon, Dan Ariely, and Michael I. Norton. "The Feeling of Not Knowing It All." Journal of Consumer Psychology 29, no. 3 (July 2019): 455–462.
- March 2019 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth
By: Ayelet Israeli
When the mother-daughter founders of DivaCup set out with a mission to disrupt the menstrual care industry with an innovative product form, they initially struggled to gain legitimacy and convince retailers to carry their unique product. Fifteen years later, the...
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Keywords:
Female;
Female Ceo;
Female Entrepreneur;
Female Protagonist;
Health & Wellness;
Healthcare;
Price Policies;
Minimum Advertised Price;
Differentiation;
Positioning;
Growth;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Price;
Disruption;
Distribution;
Distribution Channels;
Competitive Strategy;
Competition;
Growth Management;
Mission and Purpose;
Product Development;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Product Positioning;
Advertising;
Business Startups;
Internet and the Web;
Entrepreneurship;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Social Issues;
Social Enterprise;
Retail Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Health Industry;
Green Technology Industry;
Education Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Canada;
United States;
United Kingdom
Israeli, Ayelet. "The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth." Harvard Business School Case 519-055, March 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
- February 2019
- Article
Pettiness in Social Exchange
By: Tami Kim, Ting Zhang and Michael I. Norton
We identify and document a novel construct—pettiness, or intentional attentiveness to trivial details—and examine its (negative) implications in interpersonal relationships and social exchange. Seven studies show that pettiness manifests across different types of...
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Kim, Tami, Ting Zhang, and Michael I. Norton. "Pettiness in Social Exchange." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 148, no. 2 (February 2019): 361–373.
- November 2018 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
JUUL and the Vaping Revolution
By: Michael W. Toffel, John Masko and Sarah Mehta
In late 2019, San Francisco-based electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) maker JUUL Labs (pronounced “jewel”) faced intense pressure. Sales of JUUL products exceeded $1 billion in 2018, dominating the e-cigarette category. While JUUL Labs’ stated goal was to help current...
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Keywords:
Electronic Cigarettes;
E-Cigarettes;
Vaping;
Nicotine Replacement;
JUUL;
Juuling;
Advertising;
Digital Marketing;
Customers;
Innovation and Invention;
Marketing;
Ethics;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Communications;
Marketing Strategy;
Product Marketing;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Social Issues;
Information Technology;
Technology Industry;
San Francisco;
California
Toffel, Michael W., John Masko, and Sarah Mehta. "JUUL and the Vaping Revolution." Harvard Business School Case 619-006, November 2018. (Revised January 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Responding Strategically to Competitors' Failures: Evidence from Medical Device Recalls & New Product Submissions
By: George P. Ball, Jeffrey T. Macher and Ariel Dora Stern
Medical device firms operate at the frontiers of innovation. When functioning properly, innovative medical devices can prolong and improve lives; when malfunctioning, the same devices may harm patients and lead to product recalls. Product recalls create significant...
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Keywords:
New Product Development;
Recalls;
Product Failures;
Medical Devices;
FDA;
Health Care;
Product Development;
Product;
Failure;
Competition;
Opportunities;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Ball, George P., Jeffrey T. Macher, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Responding Strategically to Competitors' Failures: Evidence from Medical Device Recalls & New Product Submissions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-028, September 2018. (Revised March 2022.)
- September 2018
- Article
Expressive Voting and Its Cost: Evidence from Runoffs with Two or Three Candidates
By: Vincent Pons and Clémence Tricaud
In French parliamentary and local elections, candidates ranked first and second in the first round automatically qualify for the second round, while a third candidate qualifies only when selected by more than 12.5 percent of registered citizens. Using a fuzzy RDD...
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Keywords:
Expressive Voting;
Strategic Voting;
Regression Discontinuity Design;
French Elections;
Voting;
Political Elections;
France
Pons, Vincent, and Clémence Tricaud. "Expressive Voting and Its Cost: Evidence from Runoffs with Two or Three Candidates." Econometrica 86, no. 5 (September 2018): 1621–1649.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Status Inconsistency: Variance in One's Status Across Groups Harms Well-being but Improves Perspective-taking
By: Catarina Fernandes and Alison Wood Brooks
Most people belong to many different groups. While some people experience consistently high or low status across all of their groups, others experience wildly different levels of status in each group. In this research, we examine how status inconsistency – the degree...
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- Article
If You're Going to Do Wrong, at Least Do It Right: Considering Two Moral Dilemmas at the Same Time Promotes Moral Consistency
By: Netta Barak-Corren, Chia-Jung Tsay, Fiery Cushman and Max Bazerman
We study how people reconcile conflicting moral intuitions by juxtaposing two versions of classic moral problems: the trolley problem and the footbridge problem. When viewed separately, most people favor action in the former and disapprove of action in the latter,...
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Barak-Corren, Netta, Chia-Jung Tsay, Fiery Cushman, and Max Bazerman. "If You're Going to Do Wrong, at Least Do It Right: Considering Two Moral Dilemmas at the Same Time Promotes Moral Consistency." Management Science 64, no. 4 (April 2018): 1528–1540.
- March 2018
- Module Note
Module Note for Instructors: Responsibilities to Society
By: Nien-hê Hsieh
This note outlines a framework to help managers discern and deliver on their responsibilities to society that has been taught in the “Responsibilities to Society” module in Leadership and Corporate Accountability (LCA), a semester-long, first-year required course for...
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Hsieh, Nien-hê. "Module Note for Instructors: Responsibilities to Society." Harvard Business School Module Note 318-125, March 2018.
- October 31, 2017
- Article
In Tackling #MeToo, Don’t Ignore Micro-Insults That Harm Women’s Careers
The Harvey Weinstein horror show has brought attention to previously unspoken abuses of male power to sexually harass and suppress women. Prominent women are joining the #MeToo moment, feeling safety in numbers as they reveal facing egregious bullying. Businesses are...
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Keywords:
Sexual Harassment;
Gender Inequality;
Gender;
Equality and Inequality;
Change;
Safety;
Corporate Governance
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "In Tackling #MeToo, Don’t Ignore Micro-Insults That Harm Women’s Careers." Harvard Business School Working Knowledge (October 31, 2017). (Op-ed.)
- Article
Kill or Die: Moral Judgment Alters Linguistic Coding of Causality
By: Julian De Freitas, Peter DiScioli, Jason Nemirow, Maxim Massenkoff and Steven Pinker
What is the relationship between the language people use to describe an event and their moral judgments?
We test the hypothesis that moral judgment and causative verbs rely on the same underlying mental
model of people’s actions. Experiment 1a finds that participants...
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Keywords:
Moral Cognition;
Moral Psychology;
Causative Verbs;
Trolley Problem;
Argument Structure;
Moral Sensibility;
Judgments
De Freitas, Julian, Peter DiScioli, Jason Nemirow, Maxim Massenkoff, and Steven Pinker. "Kill or Die: Moral Judgment Alters Linguistic Coding of Causality." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 43, no. 8 (August 2017): 1173–1182.