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      • December 2022 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Cann: High Hopes for Cannabis Infused Beverages

      By: Ayelet Israeli and Anne V. Wilson
      Founded in 2018 by Jake Bullock and Luke Anderson, Cann sold “social tonics,” or cannabis-infused beverages. By 2022, the company had several notable celebrity investors and talent partners, had sold over 10 million beverages to consumers, was distributing in six...  View Details
      Keywords: Stigma; Product Innovation; Product Introduction; Product Differentiation; New Products; New Product Marketing; New Product Management; Brand Management; Branding; Packaging; Positioning; Growth Strategy And Execution; Growth; Cannabis Industry; Purpose; Purpose Brands; LGBTQ; Direct-to-consumer; DTC; Regulations; Channels Of Distribution; Product Development; Product Marketing; Product Positioning; Product; Innovation and Invention; Brands and Branding; Marketing; Marketing Communications; Marketing Channels; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Digital Marketing; Market Entry and Exit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; Canada; North America
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      Israeli, Ayelet, and Anne V. Wilson. "Cann: High Hopes for Cannabis Infused Beverages." Harvard Business School Case 523-074, December 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
      • December 2022
      • Supplement

      Freelancer, Ltd. Case Supplement

      By: Christopher Stanton, Karim R. Lakhani, Jin Hyun Paik and Nina Cohodes
      Over the course of the 2010s, the rapid advancement of mobile technologies and the rise of online freelancing platforms seemed to portend a radical transformation of labor markets into on-demand, flexible talent pools. Even though several Fortune 500 companies,...  View Details
      Keywords: Labor Markets; Freelancers; Change Management; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Globalized Firms and Management; Human Capital; Employment; Digital Platforms; Global Range; Adoption; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Growth and Development Strategy; Computer Industry; Electronics Industry; Employment Industry; Information Industry; Australia; United States; Philippines
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      Stanton, Christopher, Karim R. Lakhani, Jin Hyun Paik, and Nina Cohodes. "Freelancer, Ltd. Case Supplement." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 823-707, December 2022.
      • November 2022
      • Case

      The Battle Among Channels for Marketing Pharmaceuticals: UpScript, Pharmacy Benefit Managers, and Direct-to-Consumer Sales

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Tiffany Farrell
      Can an online pharmacy both improve the quality and speed of care for patients who need branded drugs and stabilize profits for pharmaceutical manufacturers? UpScript, after years spent achieving legal and regulatory compliance and simultaneous technological innovation...  View Details
      Keywords: DTC; Internet and the Web; Marketing Channels; Customer Value and Value Chain; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competitive Strategy; Service Delivery; Growth and Development Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry; Health Industry; Retail Industry
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., and Tiffany Farrell. "The Battle Among Channels for Marketing Pharmaceuticals: UpScript, Pharmacy Benefit Managers, and Direct-to-Consumer Sales." Harvard Business School Case 323-031, November 2022.
      • Article

      Do the Right Firms Survive Bankruptcy?

      By: Samuel Antill
      In U.S. Chapter 11 bankruptcy cases, firms are either reorganized, acquired, or liquidated. I show that decisions to liquidate often reduce creditor recovery, costing creditors billions of dollars every year. I exploit the within-district random assignment of...  View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Bankruptcy Reorganization; Recovery Rate; Structural Estimation; Roy Model; 363 Sales; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Antill, Samuel. "Do the Right Firms Survive Bankruptcy?" Journal of Financial Economics 144, no. 2 (May 2022): 523–546.
      • February 2022
      • Case

      Agora (A)

      By: Lindsay N. Hyde, Thomas R. Eisenmann and Tom Quinn
      Agora was a civic technology (civic tech) startup founded by Elsa Sze, who wanted to enhance the connection between political officials and their constituents by facilitating virtual “town halls,” making underrepresented voices heard and benefiting elected and...  View Details
      Keywords: Civic Technology; Government Administration; Conferences; Business Startups; Business Strategy
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      Hyde, Lindsay N., Thomas R. Eisenmann, and Tom Quinn. "Agora (A)." Harvard Business School Case 822-022, February 2022.
      • February 2022
      • Supplement

      Agora (B)

      By: Lindsay N. Hyde, Thomas R. Eisenmann and Tom Quinn
      This is the conclusion to Agora (A), where founder Elsa Sze decides if she wants to continue investing energy in her civic technology startup.
      Agora was a civic technology (civic tech) startup founded by Elsa Sze, who wanted to enhance the connection between...  View Details
      Keywords: Civic Technology; Government Administration; Conferences; Business Startups; Business Strategy
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      Hyde, Lindsay N., Thomas R. Eisenmann, and Tom Quinn. "Agora (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 822-026, February 2022.
      • December 2021 (Revised February 2022)
      • Case

      Bed Bath & Beyond: The New Strategy to Drive Shareholder Value

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel W. Fisher
      At one time, Bed Bath & Beyond was one of the most successful specialty retailers in the United States—its growth and profit margins far exceeded both peer retailers in the home goods market as well as many other discount retailers. But in 2014, its stock price peaked,...  View Details
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Value Creation; Diversification; Corporate Governance; Leading Change; Performance Evaluation; Valuation; Investment Activism; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel W. Fisher. "Bed Bath & Beyond: The New Strategy to Drive Shareholder Value." Harvard Business School Case 722-408, December 2021. (Revised February 2022.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Deregulation, Market Power, and Prices: Evidence from the Electricity Sector

      By: Alexander MacKay and Ignacia Mercadal
      When deciding whether to introduce market competition in a regulated industry, a regulator faces an important tradeoff. Market-based prices can provide incentives to allocate resources more efficiently and reduce costs, but the presence of market power may lead to...  View Details
      Keywords: Deregulation; Market Power; Markups; Prices; Electricity; Energy; Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Price; Utilities Industry
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      MacKay, Alexander, and Ignacia Mercadal. "Deregulation, Market Power, and Prices: Evidence from the Electricity Sector." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-095, February 2021. (Revised December 2022. Direct download.)
      • January 2021
      • Article

      State and Local Government Employment in the COVID-19 Crisis

      By: Daniel Green and Erik Loualiche
      Local governments are facing large losses in revenues and increased expenditures because of the COVID-19 crisis. We document a causal relationship between fiscal pressures induced by COVID-19 and the layoffs of state and local government workers. States that depend...  View Details
      Keywords: Local Government; Municipal Finance; Public Finance; Fiscal Capacity; Fiscal Policy; Governance; Local Range; Health Pandemics; Employment; Finance; Policy; Public Sector
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      Green, Daniel, and Erik Loualiche. "State and Local Government Employment in the COVID-19 Crisis." Art. 104321. Journal of Public Economics 193 (January 2021).
      • July 2020
      • Technical Note

      Digital Natives Growing Without a Sales Force

      By: Das Narayandas, Michael Norris and Amram Migdal
      This brief case describes the rise of so-called digital natives (also called born-in-digital) in the 2000s and 2010s that successfully grew without a sales force. The case highlights the emergence of business-to-business Internet and cloud-based companies and their...  View Details
      Keywords: Government Administration; Crisis Management; Health; Health Pandemics; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Social Issues; Information Technology; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Applications and Software; Technology Adoption; Information Technology Industry; Australia; North and Central America; United States; Illinois; Chicago; California; San Francisco
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      Narayandas, Das, Michael Norris, and Amram Migdal. "Digital Natives Growing Without a Sales Force." Harvard Business School Technical Note 521-019, July 2020.
      • December 2019 (Revised June 2021)
      • Case

      Mãe Terra and Unilever (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Ruth Costas and Priscilla Zogbi
      The case concerns the sale of Mãe Terra, one of Brazil's leading brands for packaged organic foods, to the consumer goods giant Unilever in 2017. Working with Unilever management, Mãe Terra’s CEO Alexandre Borges must determine whether and how to keep Mãe Terra's B...  View Details
      Keywords: Mergers & Acquisitions; Brand Management; Sustainability; Mergers and Acquisitions; Mission and Purpose; Social Enterprise; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Environmental Sustainability; Organizational Culture; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Brazil; Latin America
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      Paine, Lynn S., Ruth Costas, and Priscilla Zogbi. "Mãe Terra and Unilever (A)." Harvard Business School Case 320-075, December 2019. (Revised June 2021.)
      • December 2019
      • Supplement

      Mãe Terra and Unilever (B)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Ruth Costas and Mariana Cal
      Unilever is making strides to integrate the operations of Mãe Terra—one of Brazil's leading brands for packaged organic foods—into its own structures, after acquiring the company in 2017. Mãe Terra’s CEO, Alexandre Borges, must decide whether to implement his original...  View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Sustainability; Mergers and Acquisitions; Mission and Purpose; Social Enterprise; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Environmental Sustainability; Organizational Culture; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Brazil; Latin America
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      Paine, Lynn S., Ruth Costas, and Mariana Cal. "Mãe Terra and Unilever (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 320-069, December 2019.
      • December 2019
      • Case

      WeWork Files for an IPO

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      For the board of The We Company—better known as WeWork—August 14, 2019, promised to be a pivotal day. It was then that WeWork’s IPO prospectus, known as an S-1 filing, would be made public, giving potential investors, the media, and the general public a window into the...  View Details
      Keywords: Capital Structure; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Going Public; Leadership; Management; Private Equity; Valuation; Venture Capital; Real Estate Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "WeWork Files for an IPO." Harvard Business School Case 320-063, December 2019.
      • September 2019 (Revised August 2020)
      • Case

      Engineering an Inclusive Bioeconomy

      By: Tarun Khanna, Raffaella Sadun and Susie L. Ma
      In 2019, entrepreneur Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio was developing a project he hoped could generate and share wealth from the natural resources of the Amazon without destroying those resources. His idea, called Earth Bank of Codes (EBC), would create a library of the...  View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Development Economics; Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Invention; Intellectual Property; Emerging Markets; Market Design; Marketplace Matching; Science; Genetics; Natural Environment; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Social Enterprise; Strategy; Strategic Planning; Information Technology; Ownership; Social Psychology; Trust; Society; Biotechnology Industry; South America; Amazon Basin
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      Khanna, Tarun, Raffaella Sadun, and Susie L. Ma. "Engineering an Inclusive Bioeconomy." Harvard Business School Case 720-356, September 2019. (Revised August 2020.)
      • September 19, 2019
      • Article

      Walmart CEO’s Decision on Guns Is the Kind of Corporate Courage We Need

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter
      Corporate courage is in short supply. CEOs generally avoid controversial public issues lest disgruntled groups strike back. That’s why Walmart’s actions to limit ammunition sales and advocate for new gun safety legislation mark a significant milestone. CEO Doug...  View Details
      Keywords: Gun Policy; Gun Violence; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Leadership; Change; Policy
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "Walmart CEO’s Decision on Guns Is the Kind of Corporate Courage We Need." CNN.com (September 19, 2019).
      • August 2019 (Revised February 2020)
      • Case

      New Hope Liuhe: Building an Integrated Agri-Food Business

      By: Forest L. Reinhardt, Shu Lin, Natalie Kindred and Nancy Hua Dai
      In October 2018, LIU Chang (Angela), chairman of Beijing-based New Hope Liuhe (NHL), was considering the strategy of the firm. With $9 billion in sales and a presence in nearly 20 countries, NHL was China’s largest animal feed producer and a major pork and poultry...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Food; Agribusiness; Expansion; Diversification; Growth Management; Consumer Behavior; Change Management; Entrepreneurship; Organizational Structure; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Government and Politics; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Transformation; Volatility; Business Cycles; Goods and Commodities; Supply Chain; Product; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; China; Asia
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      Reinhardt, Forest L., Shu Lin, Natalie Kindred, and Nancy Hua Dai. "New Hope Liuhe: Building an Integrated Agri-Food Business." Harvard Business School Case 720-009, August 2019. (Revised February 2020.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances

      By: Srikant M. Datar, Amar Bhidé and Katherine Stebbins
      We describe how and why Magnetic Resource Imaging (MRI) came to complement – and partially replace -- computed tomography (CT) imaging of soft tissue. Specifically we chronicle: 1) the development of foundational techniques and prototypes (through the 1970s); 2)...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Technological Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Technology Adoption; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Invention; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Datar, Srikant M., Amar Bhidé, and Katherine Stebbins. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-001, July 2019. (Revised June 2021.)
      • April 2019 (Revised December 2021)
      • Case

      Sears: The Demise of an American Icon

      By: Kristin Mugford and Sarah L. Abbott
      In 2019, ESL Investments’ $5.2 billion offer to purchase Sears Holdings out of Chapter 11 bankruptcy, was accepted, despite opposition from the company's unsecured creditors and other parties. ESL, which was led by Eddie Lampert, had acquired a stake in Sears following...  View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Reorganization; Bonds; Restructuring; Business Divisions; Transformation; Fairness; Borrowing and Debt; Credit; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Corporate Governance; Motivation and Incentives; Retail Industry; United States
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      Mugford, Kristin, and Sarah L. Abbott. "Sears: The Demise of an American Icon." Harvard Business School Case 219-106, April 2019. (Revised December 2021.)
      • January 2019
      • Case

      King Abdullah Economic City: Population Drivers and Cash Flow

      By: John D. Macomber
      CEO of high profile new economic city in Saudi Arabia must decide how to allocate limited investment funds across projects under duress. Issues include understanding core economic drivers; planning infrastructure investment and return; attracting multinationals; and...  View Details
      Keywords: Urban Development; Infrastructure; Project Finance; Resource Allocation; Decision Making; City; Real Estate Industry; Saudi Arabia
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      Macomber, John D. "King Abdullah Economic City: Population Drivers and Cash Flow." Harvard Business School Case 219-079, January 2019.
      • January 2019 (Revised October 2019)
      • Case

      Rural Taobao: Alibaba's Expansion into Rural E-Commerce

      By: Tarun Khanna, Ryan Allen, Adam Frost and Wesley Koo
      Alibaba's Rural Taobao initiative had been launched in 2014 as a public service initiative to increase e-commerce adoption in China’s remote rural areas. In the first two iterations of the initiative, dubbed “1.0” and “2.0,” Alibaba had partnered with local businesses...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Business Growth; Ecommerce; Corporate Social Responsibility; Business And Government; Emerging Market; Digital Platforms; Internet and the Web; Emerging Markets; Rural Scope; Growth and Development Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Government Relations; Decision Making; E-commerce; China
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      Khanna, Tarun, Ryan Allen, Adam Frost, and Wesley Koo. "Rural Taobao: Alibaba's Expansion into Rural E-Commerce." Harvard Business School Case 719-433, January 2019. (Revised October 2019.)
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