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      • 2023
      • Article

      Association Between Regulatory Submission Characteristics and Recalls of Medical Devices Receiving 510(k) Clearance

      By: Alexander O. Everhart, Soumya Sen, Ariel D. Stern, Yi Zhu and Pinar Karaca-Mandic
      Importance: Most regulated medical devices enter the U.S. market via the 510(k) regulatory submission pathway, wherein manufacturers demonstrate that applicant devices are “substantially equivalent” to 1 or more “predicate” devices (legally marketed medical devices...  View Details
      Keywords: Recalls; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
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      Everhart, Alexander O., Soumya Sen, Ariel D. Stern, Yi Zhu, and Pinar Karaca-Mandic. "Association Between Regulatory Submission Characteristics and Recalls of Medical Devices Receiving 510(k) Clearance." JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association 329, no. 2 (2023): 144–156.
      • January 2023
      • Case

      Natura: Weathering the Pandemic at Brazil's Cosmetic Giant

      By: Brian Trelstad, Pedro Levindo and Carla Larangeira
      Brazil's Natura, a multi-brand cosmetics group, has taken several measures to safeguard the livelihoods of its thousands of employees and millions of sales representatives during the COVID-19 health and economic crisis. The company has also made strides in its efforts...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; ESG Reporting; Acquisition; Customer Focus and Relationships; Decision Making; Social Entrepreneurship; Environmental Sustainability; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Ethics; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Global Strategy; Corporate Governance; Health Pandemics; Human Resources; Human Capital; Crisis Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Marketing; Distribution Channels; Supply Chain; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Culture; Customer Ownership; Relationships; Business and Community Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Networks; Partners and Partnerships; Science-Based Business; Reputation; Human Needs; Social Issues; Strategy; Equality and Inequality; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Brazil; Latin America
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      Trelstad, Brian, Pedro Levindo, and Carla Larangeira. "Natura: Weathering the Pandemic at Brazil's Cosmetic Giant." Harvard Business School Case 323-065, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Supplement

      Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (B)

      By: Henry McGee, Nien-hê Hsieh and Christian Godwin
      In 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the globe, Apple and Google partnered to develop a contact tracing application that would collect information about users infected with the disease and notify those who they had been in contact with. While Apple/Google’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Iphone; Encryption; Data Privacy; Customers; Customer Focus and Relationships; Decision Making; Ethics; Values and Beliefs; Globalized Firms and Management; Government and Politics; Health; Health Pandemics; Leadership; Markets; Safety; Social Issues; Information Technology; Telecommunications Industry; Technology Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Electronics Industry; Health Industry; United States; Europe
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      McGee, Henry, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Christian Godwin. "Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 323-066, January 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Is Pay Transparency Good?

      By: Zoë Cullen
      Countries around the world are designing pay transparency policies with the intention of combating pay discrimination. Are these policies working as intended? Most focus on revealing pay gaps between co-workers within a firm, with the goal of arming workers with...  View Details
      Keywords: Pay Transparency; Trends; Transition; Communication Strategy; Wages; Policy; Europe; North America; Australia
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      Cullen, Zoë. "Is Pay Transparency Good?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-039, January 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Achieving Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Addressing Market Failures or Providing a Social Floor?

      By: Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Mark Shepard
      The United States spends substantially more on health care than most developed countries, yet leaves a greater share of the population uninsured. We suggest that incremental insurance expansions focused on addressing market failures will propagate inefficiencies and...  View Details
      Keywords: Public Sector; Insurance; Health Care and Treatment; Policy; Innovation and Invention
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      Baicker, Katherine, Amitabh Chandra, and Mark Shepard. "Achieving Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Addressing Market Failures or Providing a Social Floor?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30854, January 2023.
      • December 2022 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Marfrig's Quest for Greener Beef

      By: Jose B. Alvarez, Pedro Levindo and Ruth Costas
      Marfrig, one of the world’s leading meatpackers, strived to comply with its commitment to have a deforestation-free value chain in Brazil by 2030. The company also pledged to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases in accordance with the guidelines set by the...  View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Family Business; Communication Strategy; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Bonds; Food; Global Strategy; Goods and Commodities; Government and Politics; Political Elections; Leading Change; Marketing; Product Marketing; Product Positioning; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Partners and Partnerships; Strategy; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Brazil; Latin America; Argentina; Uruguay; North America; United States; Europe; Asia; China
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      Alvarez, Jose B., Pedro Levindo, and Ruth Costas. "Marfrig's Quest for Greener Beef." Harvard Business School Case 523-073, December 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
      • December 2022 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Cann: High Hopes for Cannabis Infused Beverages

      By: Ayelet Israeli and Anne V. Wilson
      Founded in 2018 by Jake Bullock and Luke Anderson, Cann sold “social tonics,” or cannabis-infused beverages. By 2022, the company had several notable celebrity investors and talent partners, had sold over 10 million beverages to consumers, was distributing in six...  View Details
      Keywords: Stigma; Product Innovation; Product Introduction; Product Differentiation; New Products; New Product Marketing; New Product Management; Brand Management; Branding; Packaging; Positioning; Growth Strategy And Execution; Growth; Cannabis Industry; Purpose; Purpose Brands; LGBTQ; Direct-to-consumer; DTC; Regulations; Channels Of Distribution; Product Development; Product Marketing; Product Positioning; Product; Innovation and Invention; Brands and Branding; Marketing; Marketing Communications; Marketing Channels; Advertising; Advertising Campaigns; Digital Marketing; Market Entry and Exit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; Canada; North America
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      Israeli, Ayelet, and Anne V. Wilson. "Cann: High Hopes for Cannabis Infused Beverages." Harvard Business School Case 523-074, December 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
      • December 2022
      • Supplement

      Freelancer, Ltd. Case Supplement

      By: Christopher Stanton, Karim R. Lakhani, Jin Hyun Paik and Nina Cohodes
      Over the course of the 2010s, the rapid advancement of mobile technologies and the rise of online freelancing platforms seemed to portend a radical transformation of labor markets into on-demand, flexible talent pools. Even though several Fortune 500 companies,...  View Details
      Keywords: Labor Markets; Freelancers; Change Management; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Globalized Firms and Management; Human Capital; Employment; Digital Platforms; Global Range; Adoption; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Growth and Development Strategy; Computer Industry; Electronics Industry; Employment Industry; Information Industry; Australia; United States; Philippines
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      Stanton, Christopher, Karim R. Lakhani, Jin Hyun Paik, and Nina Cohodes. "Freelancer, Ltd. Case Supplement." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 823-707, December 2022. (Click here to access this case.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation

      By: Amitabh Chandra, Jennifer Kao, Kathleen Miller and Ariel D. Stern
      Regulators of new products confront a tradeoff between speeding a new product to market and collecting additional product quality information. The FDA’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) provides an opportunity to understand if a regulator can use new policy to...  View Details
      Keywords: Research and Development; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Product Development
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      Chandra, Amitabh, Jennifer Kao, Kathleen Miller, and Ariel D. Stern. "Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30712, December 2022.
      • December 2022
      • Article

      Shaping Nascent Industries: Innovation Strategy and Regulatory Uncertainty in Personal Genomics

      By: Cheng Gao and Rory McDonald
      In nascent industries—whose new technologies are often poorly understood by regulators—contending with regulatory uncertainty can be crucial to organizational survival and growth. Prior research on nonmarket strategy has largely focused on established firms in mature...  View Details
      Keywords: Technological Change; Innovation; Qualitative Methods; New Categories; Entrepreneurship; Technological Innovation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Risk and Uncertainty; Strategy
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      Gao, Cheng, and Rory McDonald. "Shaping Nascent Industries: Innovation Strategy and Regulatory Uncertainty in Personal Genomics." Administrative Science Quarterly 67, no. 4 (December 2022): 915–967.
      • November 2022
      • Case

      Chêne Bleu: Caught in the Trade Tariff Crossfire

      By: Dante Roscini, Elena Corsi and Daniela Beyersdorfer
      A French wine estate faced a 25% tariff on its U.S. exports following a multi-decade-long EU-U.S. trade dispute in the aerospace industry.  View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Globalized Markets and Industries; Business Startups; Business Strategy; Expansion; Family Business; Distribution; Agribusiness; Taxation; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Aerospace Industry; France; United States; Europe
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      Roscini, Dante, Elena Corsi, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "Chêne Bleu: Caught in the Trade Tariff Crossfire." Harvard Business School Case 723-020, November 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      When Less Is More: Using Short-term Signals to Overcome Systematic Bias in Long-run Targeting

      By: Ta-Wei Huang and Eva Ascarza
      Firms are increasingly interested in developing targeted interventions for customers with the best response. Doing so requires firms to identify differences in customer sensitivity, which they often obtain using uplift modeling (i.e., heterogeneous treatment effect...  View Details
      Keywords: Long-run Targeting; Heterogeneous Treatment Effect; Statistical Surrogacy; Customer Churn; Field Experiments; Consumer Behavior; Customer Focus and Relationships; AI and Machine Learning; Marketing
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      Huang, Ta-Wei, and Eva Ascarza. "When Less Is More: Using Short-term Signals to Overcome Systematic Bias in Long-run Targeting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-023, October 2022.
      • 13 Oct 2022
      • Other Presentation

      4 Business Ideas That Changed the World: Disruptive Innovation

      By: Amy Bernstein, Rita McGrath, Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Derek van Bever
      A roundtable conversation takes stock of Clayton Christensen’s influential theory. This first in a series of roundtable conversations assessing the origins and impact of four breakthrough ideas.

      In the 1980s, Clayton Christensen cofounded a startup that...  View Details
      Keywords: Disruptive Innovation
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      "4 Business Ideas That Changed the World: Disruptive Innovation." HBR IdeaCast (podcast), Harvard Business Review Group, October 13, 2022.
      • October 2022 (Revised December 2022)
      • Case

      SMART: AI and Machine Learning for Wildlife Conservation

      By: Brian Trelstad and Bonnie Yining Cao
      Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART), a set of software and analytical tools designed for the purpose of wildlife conservation, had demonstrated significant improvements in patrol coverage, with some observed reductions in poaching and contributing to wildlife...  View Details
      Keywords: Business and Government Relations; Emerging Markets; Technology Adoption; Strategy; Management; Ethics; Social Enterprise; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Natural Environment; Technology Industry; Cambodia; United States; Africa
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Bonnie Yining Cao. "SMART: AI and Machine Learning for Wildlife Conservation." Harvard Business School Case 323-036, October 2022. (Revised December 2022.)
      • October 2022
      • Case

      Masdar City: Aiming for Sustainable and Profitable Real Estate

      By: Boris Vallee and Fares Khrais
      Masdar City broke ground in 2008 and was conceived by the Abu Dhabi government to be an international beacon of innovation in sustainable energy and real estate. It was also to be a profitable investment for the government. At first glance, the two goals pulled in...  View Details
      Keywords: Analysis; Green Building; Business Growth And Maturation; Decisions; Public Sector; Financial Crisis; Construction; Climate Change; Green Technology; Borrowing And Debt; Corporate Finance; Capital; Capital Budgeting; Capital Structure; Cost Of Capital; Equity; REIT; Financial Management; Financial Strategy; Initial Public Offering; Innovation; Growth And Development Strategy; Emerging Markets; Urban Development; Middle East; United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Cities; Green Buildings; Business and Government Relations; Decision Choices and Conditions; Financing and Loans; Real Estate Industry; Construction Industry; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; Abu Dhabi
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      Vallee, Boris, and Fares Khrais. "Masdar City: Aiming for Sustainable and Profitable Real Estate." Harvard Business School Case 223-036, October 2022.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      The Origins of the Developmental State: The European Experience

      By: Sophus A. Reinert
      Book Abstract: There has been a major revival of interest in State Capitalism: what it is, where it is found, and why it is seemingly becoming more ubiquitous. As a concept, it has evolved from radical critiques of the Soviet Union, to being deployed by neo-liberals to...  View Details
      Keywords: State Capitalism; History; Macroeconomics; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Systems; Europe
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      Reinert, Sophus A. "The Origins of the Developmental State: The European Experience." Chap. 3 in The Oxford Handbook of State Capitalism and the Firm, edited by Mike Wright, Geoffrey T. Wood, Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra, Pei Sun, Ilya Okhmatovskiy, and Anna Grosman, 53–77. Oxford University Press, 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      What's My Employee Worth? The Effects of Salary Benchmarking

      By: Zoë B. Cullen, Shengwu Li and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
      While U.S. legislation prohibits employers from sharing information about their employees’ compensation with each other, companies are still allowed to acquire and use more aggregated data provided by third parties. Most medium and large firms report using this type...  View Details
      Keywords: Information Sharing; Wages; Policy; Compensation and Benefits
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      Cullen, Zoë B., Shengwu Li, and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "What's My Employee Worth? The Effects of Salary Benchmarking." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30570, October 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
      • September 2022 (Revised December 2022)
      • Case

      Navya: Steering Toward a Driverless Future

      By: Julian De Freitas, Elie Ofek, Shaun Ingledew and Tonia Labruyere
      In 2022, Sophie Desormière arrived at French roboshuttle producer Navya, tasked with charting a new course in a challenging sector. The company, which had recently listed on the Paris Stock Exchange, was burning through cash reserves and needed to transform the promise...  View Details
      Keywords: Autonomous Vehicles; Market Entry and Exit; Opportunities; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Consumer Behavior; Business Model; Auto Industry; Transportation Industry; France; United States
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      De Freitas, Julian, Elie Ofek, Shaun Ingledew, and Tonia Labruyere. "Navya: Steering Toward a Driverless Future." Harvard Business School Case 523-046, September 2022. (Revised December 2022.)
      • September 2022
      • Case

      EnergyNow: Powering a New Market

      By: Alexander MacKay and James Barnett
      In August 2022, EnergyNow co-founder and CEO Stuart MacWilliam (MBA 2015) considers the company strategy for building solar panels to provide power in South Africa’s recently deregulated energy market.  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Development Economics; Energy; Alternative Energy; Energy Generation; Energy Sources; Renewable Energy; Entrepreneurship; Environmental Management; Ethics; Geography; Government and Politics; Energy Policy; Law; Management; Markets; Market Timing; Operations; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Africa; South Africa
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      MacKay, Alexander, and James Barnett. "EnergyNow: Powering a New Market." Harvard Business School Case 723-361, September 2022.
      • September 2022
      • Case

      HPP: Tapping the Netherlands’ Potential

      By: Brian Trelstad and Idelès Kaandorp
      Stichting Het Potentieel Pakken (HPP) was launched to solve a systemic problem in the Dutch Labor Market: gender inequity that was leading to a large number of women to work part-time in fields that were in desperately short supply of labor, like health care, child...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Grants; Scaling And Growth; Nonprofit Organizations; Opportunities; Gender; Income; Employment; Health Care and Treatment; Human Capital; Mission and Purpose; Motivation and Incentives; Growth and Development Strategy; Employment Industry; Health Industry; Education Industry; Consulting Industry; Europe; Netherlands
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Idelès Kaandorp. "HPP: Tapping the Netherlands’ Potential." Harvard Business School Case 323-024, September 2022.
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